Here are some key points about slang from the document: - Slang is informal vocabulary that is nonstandard and not universally recognized. It is used among members of a particular social or age group. - Slang originates from subcultures in societies like occupational groups, teenagers, racial minorities, drug addicts, and criminals. It is also influenced by mass media like movies, TV, music, and fashion. - Slang is variable depending on region, gender, and time period. While most slang disappears quickly, some terms do become standardized. - Slang is created through playing with words using techniques like rhyming, shortening words, borrowing from other languages, reversing meanings, and creative spelling

1. Speaker 1: Hello! May I speak to Mr. Jones please?
Speaker 2: Hello, hold on please, I get you
through.
Speaker 1: Thank you.
Speaker 2: Sorry, his line is engaged. Can you call
again later?
Speaker 1: No sorry I can't. Can you leave him a
message?
Speaker 2: Yes, of course.
Speaker 1: Tell him I was glad to meet him and I'll
come back as soon as possible.
Speaker 2: All right, he'll be glad to hear about
Phone
conversation

2. Jay: Hey man, what’s up?
Andrew: Not much, I’m just seeing what you’re
up to tonight.
Jay: I was kind of planning on just staying in and
chillin' at my place. You can swing by if you want.
Andrew: I was thinking of going somewhere for a
drink. I’ve been cooped up in the office all week
and I need to let loose a bit. Would you be up for
that?
Jay: I don’t know man, I’m pretty beat. I’ll let you
know later if I get a second wind.
Andrew: Ok, cool. Later.
Jay: Later

3. Colloquial Language
and Slang

4. Jay: Hey man, what’s up?
Andrew: Not much, I’m just seeing what you’re
up to tonight.
Jay: I was kind of planning on just staying in and
chillin' at my place. You can swing by if you want.
Andrew: I was thinking of going somewhere for a
drink. I’ve been cooped up in the office all week
and I need to let loose a bit. Would you be up for
that?
Jay: I don’t know man, I’m pretty beat. I’ll let you
know later if I get a second wind.
Andrew: Ok, cool. Later.
Jay: Later
what's up
up to
staying in
chillin' swing by
cooped up
let loose up for
I'm pretty beat
get a second wind
Later
Later

5. Colloquial Language
- is commonly used in
conversation and informal
situations

6. Examples of Colloquial Language
cuz - because
gonna - going to
What's up? - How are you doing?
fam - family
Yea/Yeah - Yes
I dunno - I don't know
Nah/Naw - No
Whatever - You can decide. / I don't
have a preference

7. Slang
- is vocabulary that is
nonstandard or not universally
recognized

8. Slang
- used among members of a
particular social or age group

9. Examples of Slang
frenemy - describes a person who
is a little bit of both, perhaps a
friend with whom one experiences
regular conflict.
You’d be a lot happier if you
stopped hanging out with your
frenemy.

10. Examples of Slang
bromance - describes an
intense friendship between two
straight men
I haven’t seen Michael since he
started hanging out with
Jeremy. Their bromance is
epic.

11. Examples of Slang
ginormous - means something
very large
You could find a parking space
more easily if your car wasn’t
so ginormous.

12. Examples of Slang
bae - A term of endearment,
usually for romantic partners,
but possibly for close friends as
well
Bae, you’re the best.

13. Examples of Slang
goat - an acronym that stands
for “greatest of all time.”
I don’t care what you say,
because Tom Brady is the
goat.

14. Examples of Slang
dead - overwhelmed, unable to
keep up
I have two finals and a full
work day tomorrow. I’m dead.

15. Examples of Slang
LOL - laughing out loud
I have two finals and a full
work day tomorrow. I’m dead.

16. Examples of Slang
veg - vegetables
I have two finals and a full
work day tomorrow. I’m dead.

17. Ready for the
quiz?

18. Read each sentence carefully. Identify
the informal language and tell whther
it is SLANG or COLLOQUIAL
LANGUAGE.
1. Where are you? I'm
gonna get you!

19. 2. Sorry, I can't stay. I
gotta go now.

20. 3. You’ll have more fun at
the dance if you aren’t
such a wallflower.

21. 4. This is going to cost
you a whole, lotta
money.

22. 5. There is a bunch of
numpties playing soccer.

23. 6. Yes, it really is possible
to go bananas with your
music!

24. 7. The thief: 'Just shut up
and gimme the money!'

25. 8. Then he grabbed hold
of me and said 'gotcha!'

26. 9. Her uncle is a big shot
in local politics.

27. 10. She won the Miss
World crown in 2000.
She is a very pretty and
foxy woman, isn't she?

28. Colloquial
• Slang is almost always spoken
oWhen it is written, it is used to convey the flavor of
spoken language
oFor example, dialogues in novels

29. Not standard
• Informal
• Often not acceptable in formal situations

30. Restricted
• Small groups of people, e.g., college students
• Subcultures, e.g., drug culture
• People in one profession, e.g., police

31. Imaginative
• Language that is alive!
oColorful
oCreative

32. Variable in 3 ways: By region
• American vs. Australian slang
oBreeder in San Francisco
oBouncing beef in Sydney

33. Variable: Gender
• In Australia
• Males use mate, dude or bro to describe other
male friends
• Females use babe or bud to describe other female
friends
• Swearing
• For males using the F word is acceptable in more
situations than for females

34. Variable: Time
• Most slang disappears quickly
oGroovy (1960s)
oMain squeeze (1950s)

35. Variable: Time
• One generation’s slang becomes the next
generation’s standard language
oBus from omnibus
oZoo from zoological garden
oPiano from pianoforte
oJazz

36. Variable: Time
• Some exceptions to slang that quickly disappears
oPig (policeman) is from 1885 and is still slang
oBeat it was used by Shakespeare and is still
considered slang

37. Where does slang come from?
• Originates from subcultures in societies
oFor example, occupational groups, teenagers,
racial minorities, drug addicts, criminals

38. Slang from subcultures
• Pre-stiff = a patient who is close to dying
▫ (from U.S. hospital slang)
• Homey = friend or buddy
▫ (American black slang)
• Pot = marijuana
▫ (1960s drug culture)
• C-note = $100
▫ (criminal slang)

39. Where does slang come from?
• Mass media
▫ Movies
▫ TV
▫ Fashion
▫ music

40. Slang from the media
• A bomb = a really bad movie
• Bucket list = things you want to do before you
die
▫ (from The Bucket List with Jack Nicholson)
• 5 – 0 = police
▫ (American TV show Hawaii 5-0 in the 1970s)
• Top = the ultimate or best
▫ (French slang from the term top models, e.g.,
Claudia Schiffer, Cindy Crawford, etc.
• Cabbage = money
▫ (San Francisco hip-hop slang)

41. Slang is created by playing with words
• Rhyming
oTrouble and strife = wife
o(Cockney rhyming slang)
• Making words shorter
oBrill = brilliant
o(Glasgow, Scotland and parts of the U.S.)
oFab = fabulous
o(American 60’s slang; the Fab 4 = the Beatles)

42. Slang is created by playing with words
• Borrowing words from other languages
oCushy = comfortable
o(From the Hindi Khush; no longer slang)
oYadda yadda = and so on
o(from Yiddish and made popular by the sitcom
Seinfeld)
• Giving words the opposite meaning
oBad = good
o(U.S. college slang in the 1990s)
oSick = good
o(skateboarding slang)

43. Slang is created by playing with words
(3)
• Changing the spelling of words
oPhat = cool, very good
o(U.S. college slang in the 1990s)
• Being imaginative with words
oTaxed = mugged or robbed
o(Honolulu slang)
oGimme some skin = let’s shake
o(American 60’s slang)

44. Why do people use slang
• To play with language
oFor the fun of it
oTo be different
oTo be creative
oTo be shocking
• Especially musicians, poets, writers,
screenwriters, etc.

45. Why do people use slang (2)
• To identify with a group
oTo exclude others
oTo be secretive
• Especially lower classes, groups that are outside
the main society, subcultures, etc.

46. Resource for Slang
• Urban Dictionary
ohttp://www.urbandictionary.com/