Nervous system notes

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The Nervous System Anatomy & Physiology Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology

<ul><li>Functions of the Nervous System </li></ul><ul><li>Sensory input – gathering information </li></ul><ul><ul><li>To ...

<ul><li>Classification of the Nervous System </li></ul><ul><li>Central nervous system (CNS): </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Brain ...

<ul><li>The Peripheral Nervous System </li></ul><ul><li>Sensory (afferent) division - Nerve fibers that carry informatio...

<ul><li>Autonomic Nervous System </li></ul><ul><li>The involuntary branch of the nervous system </li></ul><ul><li>Consist...

<ul><li>Nervous System Histology </li></ul><ul><li>Neurons = nerve cells </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Cells specialized to trans...

<ul><li>Neuron Anatomy </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Dendrites – conduct impulses toward the cell body </li></ul></ul><ul><li>C...

<ul><li>Classification of Neurons </li></ul><ul><li>Sensory (afferent) neurons </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Carry impulses from ...

<ul><li>Neuron Classification </li></ul>Figure 7.6

<ul><li>Electrochemical Nerve Impulses </li></ul><ul><li>Dendrite depolarization – a stimulus depolarizes the dendrite’s...

<ul><li>The Action Potential </li></ul><ul><li>If the action potential (nerve impulse) starts, it is propagated to the end...

<ul><li>Continuation of the Nerve Impulse between Neurons </li></ul><ul><li>Impulses are able to cross the synapse to an...

<ul><li>How Neurons Communicate at Synapses </li></ul>Figure 7.10

<ul><li>The Reflex Arc </li></ul><ul><li>Reflex – rapid, predictable, and involuntary responses to stimuli </li></ul><ul>...

<ul><li>Regions of the Brain </li></ul><ul><li>Cerebral hemispheres </li></ul><ul><li>Diencephalon </li></ul><ul><li>Brain...

<ul><li>Cerebral Hemispheres (Cerebrum) </li></ul><ul><li>Paired (left and right) superior parts of the brain </li></ul><u...

<ul><li>Specialized Area of the Cerebrum </li></ul>Figure 7.13c

<ul><li>Specialized Areas of the Cerebrum </li></ul>Figure 7.13c

<ul><li>Diencephalon </li></ul><ul><li>Sits on top of the brain stem </li></ul><ul><li>Enclosed by the cerebral hemisphere...

<ul><li>Brain Stem </li></ul><ul><li>Attaches to the spinal cord </li></ul><ul><li>Parts of the brain stem: </li></ul><ul>...

<ul><li>Cerebellum </li></ul><ul><li>Two hemispheres with convoluted surfaces </li></ul><ul><li>Provides involuntary coord...

<ul><li>Spinal Cord Anatomy </li></ul><ul><li>Extends from the medulla oblongata to the region of T12 </li></ul><ul><li>Be...

<ul><li>Cranial Nerves </li></ul><ul><li>12 pairs of nerves that mostly serve the head and neck </li></ul><ul><li>Numbered...

<ul><li>Cranial Nerves </li></ul><ul><li>I Olfactory nerve – sensory for smell </li></ul><ul><li>II Optic nerve – se...

<ul><li>Cranial Nerves </li></ul><ul><li>VII Facial nerve – sensory for taste; motor fibers to the face </li></ul><ul>...

<ul><li>Use a Mnemonic Device! </li></ul>“ On Old Olympus’ Towering Top A Fierce Viking Grew Vines and Hops”

<ul><li>Use a Mnemonic Device! </li></ul>“ Some say money matters but my brother says big brains matter more.”

<ul><li>The Brachial Plexus (Arm) </li></ul><ul><li>Spinal Nerves to know: </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Ulnar Nerve – Motor & Se...

<ul><li>The Lumbrosacral Plexus (Leg) </li></ul><ul><li>Spinal Nerves : </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Sciatic – M,S </li></ul></u...

“ You just nailed me in the head!” - Travis Bogumill (21) Eau Claire, WI 1998

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