This document discusses Docker and provides an introduction and overview. It introduces Docker concepts like Dockerfiles, commands, linking containers, volumes, port mapping and registries. It also discusses tools that can be used with Docker like Fig, Baseimage, Boot2Docker and Flynn. The document provides examples of Dockerfiles, commands and how to build, run, link and manage containers.

1. Docker, c'est bonheur

2. Qui je suis
● Alexandre Salomé, développeur (180 mois)
● Consultant technique chez SensioLabs (66 mois)
● En mission chez Auchan e-commerce France (7 mois)
– Environnement totalement dockerisé
– Bientôt les serveurs de qualification
– Dans 3 ans en production ?

3. Docker et vous ?

4. Sommaire
● Présentation
● Utilisation
– Dockerfile
– Commandes usuelles
– Registry
– Volumes
– Port mapping
– Links
● Outils
– Fig
– Baseimage
– Boot2Docker
– Flynn

5. Présentation de Docker
Les grandes idées

7. Avantages
● Exécution rapide, isolée et transportable
● Mise en commun des ressources

9. Show time !
La différence du dossier /etc entre :
- Ubuntu 14.10
- Ubuntu 12.10
docker run ubuntu:14.10 ls /etc > etc-14.10
docker run ubuntu:12.10 ls /etc > etc-12.10
meld etc-14.10 etc-12.10

10. Utilisation
Commandes usuelles

11. Commandes usuelles
$ docker run --name=mon_redis redis
Donner un nom à son conteneur avec --name :
docker run redis
docker run ubuntu:14.10 ls /etc

12. Commandes usuelles
$ docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE CREATED STATUS NAMES
eb232dde2f79 redis:latest 3 seconds ago Up 2 seconds mon_redis
$ docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
eb232dde2f79 redis:latest 2 minutes ago Up 2 minutes 6379/tcp mon_redis
b715035816d7 redis:latest 4 minutes ago Exited (0) 4 minutes ago sharp_wozniak

13. Commandes usuelles
$ docker logs mon_redis
[1] 14 Jan 19:35:02.096 # Warning: no config file specified, using the
default config. In order to specify a config file use redis-server
/path/to/redis.conf
_._
_.-``__ ''-._
_.-`` `. `_. ''-._ Redis 2.8.17 (00000000/0) 64 bit
.-`` .-```. ```/ _.,_ ''-._
( ' , .-` | `, ) Running in stand alone mode
|`-._`-...-` __...-.``-._|'` _.-'| Port: 6379
| `-._ `._ / _.-' | PID: 1
`-._ `-._ `-./ _.-' _.-'
|`-._`-._ `-.__.-' _.-'_.-'|
| `-._`-._ _.-'_.-' | http://redis.io
`-._ `-._`-.__.-'_.-' _.-'
|`-._`-._ `-.__.-' _.-'_.-'|
| `-._`-._ _.-'_.-' |
`-._ `-._`-.__.-'_.-' _.-'
`-._ `-.__.-' _.-'
`-._ _.-'
`-.__.-'

14. Commandes usuelles
$ docker inspect mon_redis
# ...
"Created": "2015-01-14T19:35:01.710341398Z",
"Id": "eb232dde2f79741d01d3259566bae6150e5846b3e2e9208a9e6e0897084a80c4",
"Image": "3ce54e911389a2b08207b0a4d01c3131ce01b617ecc1c248f6d81ffdbebd628d",
"State": {
"ExitCode": 0,
"FinishedAt": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z",
"Paused": false,
"Pid": 4362,
"Restarting": false,
"Running": true,
"StartedAt": "2015-01-14T19:35:02.053470372Z"
# ...
$ docker inspect
-f="{{ .NetworkSettings.IPAddress }}"
mon_redis
172.17.0.3

15. Commandes usuelles
$ docker diff mon_redis
A /tmp/sess_b86hok0pfj23a81ea3flr0rk03
C /tmp/sess_esmblquiab21m995q2d195j1r5
D /tmp/sess_gl0cmpknk3rirc3l0jmjfd1bo1
C /tmp/sess_ql581nl6ac0uhaj47cftn8ipb7
Afficher le différentiel d'un conteneur :

16. Commandes usuelles
$ docker run -d --name=mon_redis redis
$ docker stop mon_redis
Démarrer en arrière plan avec -d :
Arrêter un conteneur :

17. Commandes usuelles
$ docker exec mon_redis ls /etc
Exécuter une commande dans un conteneur démarré :

18. Commandes usuelles
$ docker rmi redis
Supprimer une image
$ docker rm mon_redis
Supprimer un conteneur
$ docker stop mon_redis
Arrêter un conteneur

19. $ docker
Commands:
attach Attach to a running container
build Build an image from a Dockerfile
commit Create a new image from a container's changes
cp Copy files/folders from a container's filesystem to the host path
diff Inspect changes on a container's filesystem
events Get real time events from the server
export Stream the contents of a container as a tar archive
history Show the history of an image
images List images
import Create a new filesystem image from the contents of a tarball
info Display system-wide information
inspect Return low-level information on a container
kill Kill a running container
load Load an image from a tar archive
login Register or log in to a Docker registry server
logout Log out from a Docker registry server
logs Fetch the logs of a container
port Lookup the public-facing port that is NAT-ed to PRIVATE_PORT
pause Pause all processes within a container
ps List containers
pull Pull an image or a repository from a Docker registry server
push Push an image or a repository to a Docker registry server
restart Restart a running container
rm Remove one or more containers
rmi Remove one or more images
run Run a command in a new container
save Save an image to a tar archive
search Search for an image on the Docker Hub
start Start a stopped container
stop Stop a running container
tag Tag an image into a repository
top Lookup the running processes of a container
unpause Unpause a paused container
version Show the Docker version information
wait Block until a container stops, then print its exit code

20. Utilisation
Dockerfile

21. Dockerfile
● Recette de construction d'un conteneur
● Format de fichier simple
FROM ubuntu:14.10
ENV APACHE_LOG_DIR /var/log/apache2
RUN apt-get install -y apache2
ADD site.conf /path/to/site.conf
EXPOSE 80
CMD ["/usr/sbin/apache2", "-D", "FOREGROUND"]
Exemple non fonctionnel, parce que Apache, c'est pas aussi simple
Dans cet exemple, le Dockerfile fait 5 lignes

22. Image
Image
Dockerfile
FROM ubuntu:14.10
[...]
[...]
[...]
Image
Image
Conteneur
Conteneur
Conteneur

23. Dockerfile
$ vi Dockerfile
$ docker run alex/apache
$ docker build --name=alex/apache .
Step 0 : FROM ubuntu:14.10
---> 75204fdb260b
Step 1 : RUN apt-get install apache2
---> Running in 68992170d55d
Reading package lists...
Building dependency tree...
Reading state information...
Step 2 : ...
---> Running in 68992170d55d
...

24. Dockerfile
FROM phusion/baseimage:0.9.13
ENV HOME /root
EXPOSE 80
EXPOSE 22
CMD /sbin/my_init
RUN apt-get update
RUN apt-get install -y
git curl
postgresql
php5-cli php5-fpm php5-intl php5-mcrypt php5-json php5-pgsql php5-curl
redis-server
openjdk-7-jre
nginx
# Setup elasticsearch
RUN
cd /tmp &&
curl -o /tmp/elasticsearch-1.3.2.tar.gz
https://download.elasticsearch.org/elasticsearch/elasticsearch/elasti
csearch-1.3.2.tar.gz &&
tar xvzf elasticsearch-1.3.2.tar.gz &&
rm -f elasticsearch-1.3.2.tar.gz &&
mv /tmp/elasticsearch-1.3.2 /elasticsearch
# Setup postgresql
RUN /etc/init.d/postgresql start &&
sudo -u postgres psql --command "CREATE USER
gitonomy WITH SUPERUSER PASSWORD 'gitonomy';" &&
sudo -u postgres createdb -O gitonomy gitonomy
RUN echo "host all all 0.0.0.0/0 md5" >>
/etc/postgresql/9.3/main/pg_hba.conf
RUN echo "listen_addresses='*'" >>
/etc/postgresql/9.3/main/postgresql.conf
# Node stuff
RUN curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup | bash -
RUN apt-get install -y nodejs
RUN npm install -g bower grunt-cli# composer
RUN curl -o /tmp/composer
http://getcomposer.org/composer.phar; mv /tmp/composer
/usr/bin/composer; chmod a+x /usr/bin/composer
ADD config/nginx.conf /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
ADD config/php-fpm.conf
/etc/php5/fpm/pool.d/www.conf
ADD service/nginx.sh /etc/service/nginx/run
ADD service/php-fpm.sh /etc/service/php-fpm/run
ADD service/postgresql.sh
/etc/service/postgresql/run
ADD service/elasticsearch.sh
/etc/service/elasticsearch/run
ADD service/redis.sh /etc/service/redis/run
ADD startup.sh /etc/my_init.d/gitonomy
Dans la vraie vie, les Dockerfile font 200 lignes

25. Utilisation
Registry

26. Docker Registry
Client (vous) Registry
PUSH
PULL
Intégration continue
PUSH
Sourcecode
PUSH
Stocker les images pour éviter les constructions

27. Registry
$ docker tag alex/apache registry.acme.org/alex/apache
$ docker push registry.acme.org/alex/apache

28. Volumes
● Permet de partager des dossiers entre
les conteneurs et le système hôte
$ docker run
-v /home/alex/public:/var/www
my_apache
Le chemin sur mon système Le chemin dans le conteneur

29. Port mapping
● Permet d'exposer des ports du conteneur sur
l'hôte
$ docker run
-p 8000:80
my_apache
Le port sur mon système Le port dans le conteneur

30. Links
$ docker run
--link mon_redis:mon_redis
ubuntu
env
MON_REDIS_PORT=tcp://172.17.0.2:6379
MON_REDIS_PORT_6379_TCP=tcp://172.17.0.2:6379
MON_REDIS_PORT_6379_TCP_ADDR=172.17.0.2
MON_REDIS_PORT_6379_TCP_PORT=6379
MON_REDIS_PORT_6379_TCP_PROTO=tcp

31. Résumé des fonctionnalités
docker run
-v /home/alex/public:/var/www
-p 8000:80
--link project_db
--name project_web
my_apache
docker run --name=project_db my_mysql

32. Outils

33. fig
web:
build: .
links:
- db
volumes:
- /var/www:/var/www
ports:
- "8000:8000"
db:
image: postgres
$ fig up web
$ docker build --name=web .
$ docker run -p 8000:8000 -v /var/www:/var/www
--link db web

34. phusion/baseimage
● Framework pour conteneurs Docker
● Multi-process assumé

35. boot2docker
● Pour les utilisateurs Mac
● Bon courage, surtout pour les volumes
Macintosh
VirtualBox
Linux
Docker

36. Mais aussi…
● Flynn : automatisation des déploiements
● Shipyard : Docker management
● Mesos & Marathon : Scale
● Gaudi : fig + UI
● Panamax : gestionnaire de conteneurs

37. En conclusion
● Isolez vos projets de votre système
● Versionnez vos Dockerfile
● Automatisez la construction de vos projets