Data Center Trends - Power and Cooling Learn about the newest data center IT power and cooling trends as they relate to facility infrastructure. Energy efficiency, facility maintainability and reliability will be addressed while providing insight into the data center facility cooling and power technologies.

1. DATA
CENTER
TRENDS
AND
Steven Shapiro, P.E., ATD
Data Center Practice Lead
Morrison Hershfield
Mission Critical
DESIGN Morrison Hershfield Mission Critical – Data Center Trends and Design

2. DATA CENTER
TRENDS &
DESIGN
AGENDA
• IT TRENDS
• COOLING DESIGN TRENDS
• POWER DESIGN TRENDS
Morrison Hershfield Mission Critical – Data Center Trends and Design

3. IT TRENDS
• VIRTUALIZATION
• DENSITY
• DENSITY vs RELIABILITY PROFILE
• CHIP COOLING
Morrison Hershfield Mission Critical – Data Center Trends and Design

4. VIRTUALIZATION AND DENSITY
• For every 18F rise in temperature hardware reliability decreased by 50%
• Footprint reduction = 30% per year
• Since 2000, power consumption for chips doubled
• 17% annual increase in load density in past 10 years
IT TRENDS Morrison Hershfield Mission Critical – Data Center Trends and Design

5. CHIP COOLING
CHIP MANUFACTURERS ARE
INVESTIGATING:
• New Sink Architectures
• Water Cooled Sinks
• Larger Cooling Fans (up to 70 cfm per server)
IT TRENDS Morrison Hershfield Mission Critical – Data Center Trends and Design

6. DENSITY VS. RELIABILITY PROFILE
IV ENTERPRISE
WEB HOSTING
TIER
III COLO
II OLD MAINFRAME
I
50 100 150 200 250 300
W/SF
Design Criteria
IT TRENDS Morrison Hershfield Mission Critical – Data Center Trends and Design

7. COOLING DESIGN TRENDS
FIGHTING DENSITY AND
INCREASING ENERGY EFFIECIENCY
• IN THE DATA CENTER
• FOR THE DATA CENTER
• SYSTEM SELECTION PROCESS
• ECONOMIZATION ALTERNATIVES
Morrison Hershfield Mission Critical – Data Center Trends and Design

8. IN THE DATA CENTER
Fan Powered Cabinet Example
Cabinet Fans
Hot Air Plenum
Raised
Floor
Hot Air Conditioned Air
is discharged out of is drawn through the
the top via ductwork front of the cabinet
COOLING DESIGN TRENDS Morrison Hershfield Mission Critical – Data Center Trends and Design

9. IN THE DATA CENTER
Water Cooled Cabinet Example
Cabinet Fans
Discharge Air
Cooling Coil
Supply Return Raised
Piping Floor
High Pressure Fan Coil Conditioned Air
flex hose and quick-connect on rear door is drawn through the
fittings to chilled water cools servers front of the cabinet
mains
COOLING DESIGN TRENDS Morrison Hershfield Mission Critical – Data Center Trends and Design

10. IN THE DATA CENTER
Hot Aisle Cold Aisle Configuration
Return Air
Cold Hot Cold
Aisle Aisle Aisle
Conditioned Air Hot Air Conditioned Air
is drawn through the is discharged out of is drawn through the
front of the cabinet the back of the cabinet front of the cabinet
COOLING DESIGN TRENDS Morrison Hershfield Mission Critical – Data Center Trends and Design

11. FOR THE DATA CENTER
System Selection Process
COOLING DESIGN TRENDS Morrison Hershfield Mission Critical – Data Center Trends and Design

12. FOR THE DATA CENTER
System Alternatives
• Chiller/Cooling Tower
• Air Cooled Chiller
• Adiabatic Cooling/Swamp Cooler
(Roof, Ground, CRAH)
• Outside Air
• Air to Air (Munthers, Schneider,
Hunt Aire, Kyoto)
• Water Side Economizer
(Heat Exchanger)
• DX Backup/Full-Partial
• Drycoolers
COOLING DESIGN TRENDS Morrison Hershfield Mission Critical – Data Center Trends and Design

13. FOR THE DATA CENTER
System Selection Process
COOLING DESIGN TRENDS Morrison Hershfield Mission Critical – Data Center Trends and Design

14. FOR THE DATA CENTER
System Alternatives
Direct Air Economizer System Indirect Air Economizer System
Outside air does enter Outside air does not enter
the data center the data center
COOLING DESIGN TRENDS Morrison Hershfield Mission Critical – Data Center Trends and Design

15. FOR THE DATA CENTER
System Alternatives
Direct Evaporative Air Economizer Indirect Evaporative Air Economizer
“Swamp” cooler with outside air “Swamp” cooler without outside
entering the data center air entering the data center
COOLING DESIGN TRENDS Morrison Hershfield Mission Critical – Data Center Trends and Design

16. FOR THE DATA CENTER KYOTO WHEEL
System Alternatives Indirect Air-side Economizer
COOLING DESIGN TRENDS Morrison Hershfield Mission Critical – Data Center Trends and Design

17. POWER DESIGN TRENDS
• RELIABILITY/AVAILABILITY
• CONCURRENT MAINTAINABILITY
• EXAMPLE ONE LINE
Morrison Hershfield Mission Critical – Data Center Trends and Design

18. RELIABILITY/AVAILABILITY
• Load Density (The Major Issue)
• 99.9999% Availability (“Six Sigma”)
• 2(N+1), 2N, N+2 Redundancy Common
• N or (N+1) Systems Not Good Enough
• Fault Tolerant Configurations – Eliminate SPOF’s
• Full Concurrent Maintenance
POWER DESIGN TRENDS Morrison Hershfield Mission Critical – Data Center Trends and Design

19. RELIABILITY/AVAILABILITY
Typical UPS Configurations
• Single Module Systems
• Isolated Redundant
• Parallel Redundant
• Distributed Redundant
• Block Redundant
POWER DESIGN TRENDS Morrison Hershfield Mission Critical – Data Center Trends and Design

20. RELIABILITY/AVAILABILITY
Typical UPS Configurations
PARALLEL
REDUNDANT
POWER DESIGN TRENDS Morrison Hershfield Mission Critical – Data Center Trends and Design

21. RELIABILITY/AVAILABILITY
Typical UPS Configurations
DISTRIBUTED
REDUNDANT
POWER DESIGN TRENDS Morrison Hershfield Mission Critical – Data Center Trends and Design

22. RELIABILITY/AVAILABILITY BLOCK REDUNDANT
Typical UPS Configurations
POWER DESIGN TRENDS Morrison Hershfield Mission Critical – Data Center Trends and Design

23. CONCURRENT MAINTAINABILITY
Goals
• “Change Tires, Transmission and Engine at
60mph…and Don’t Lose Speed.”
• No IT Downtime for Preventative and
Corrective Maintenance
• Scalability
POWER DESIGN TRENDS Morrison Hershfield Mission Critical – Data Center Trends and Design

24. THE SOLUTION
• Dual/Diverse Utility Services
• Dual Active Distribution Paths
• N+2 Generator Plant
• “Self-Healing” Automation and Control
• Physical Separation/Compartmentalization
• 2N Static UPS
• Dual Electrical Cords to IT Cabinets
POWER DESIGN TRENDS Morrison Hershfield Mission Critical – Data Center Trends and Design

25. MEDIUM VOLTAGE DISTRIBUTION
Utility Bypass/Gen Control Maintenance
Red-Normal ‘A’
Green-Normal ‘B’
Yellow-Generator
POWER DESIGN TRENDS Morrison Hershfield Mission Critical – Data Center Trends and Design

26. UPS – NORMAL OPERATION Red-Normal ‘A’
Green-Normal ‘B’
Blue-UPS ‘A’
Pink-UPS’B’
POWER DESIGN TRENDS Morrison Hershfield Mission Critical – Data Center Trends and Design

27. UPS TO RPP NORMAL OPERATION
Blue-UPS ‘A’
Pink-UPS’B’
POWER DESIGN TRENDS Morrison Hershfield Mission Critical – Data Center Trends and Design

28. Thank you and please feel
QUESTIONS? free to contact me
Steven Shapiro, PE, ATD
SShapiro@MorrisonHershfield.com
914.420.3213
http://www.linkedin.com/in/stevenshapirope
References:
Uptime Institute White Papers:
Tier Myths and Misconceptions
Data Center Site Infrastructure Tier Standard: Topology
Morrison Hershfield Mission Critical – Data Center Trends and Design