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Data Center Trends - Power and Cooling
The document discusses current trends in data center design, focusing on IT trends such as virtualization, increasing load density, and cooling design approaches. It highlights the significance of maintaining reliability in power systems while addressing challenges posed by rising temperatures and equipment density. Additionally, it outlines various cooling system alternatives and the importance of redundancy in power configurations to ensure continuous operation.
Data Center Trends - Power and Cooling
- 1. DATA CENTER TRENDS AND Steven Shapiro, P.E., ATD Data Center Practice Lead Morrison Hershfield Mission Critical DESIGN Morrison Hershfield Mission Critical – Data Center Trends and Design
- 2. DATA CENTER TRENDS & DESIGN AGENDA • IT TRENDS • COOLING DESIGN TRENDS • POWER DESIGN TRENDS Morrison Hershfield Mission Critical – Data Center Trends and Design
- 3. IT TRENDS • VIRTUALIZATION •DENSITY • DENSITY vs RELIABILITY PROFILE • CHIP COOLING Morrison Hershfield Mission Critical – Data Center Trends and Design
- 4. VIRTUALIZATION AND DENSITY •For every 18F rise in temperature hardware reliability decreased by 50% • Footprint reduction = 30% per year • Since 2000, power consumption for chips doubled • 17% annual increase in load density in past 10 years IT TRENDS Morrison Hershfield Mission Critical – Data Center Trends and Design
- 5. CHIP COOLING CHIP MANUFACTURERSARE INVESTIGATING: • New Sink Architectures • Water Cooled Sinks • Larger Cooling Fans (up to 70 cfm per server) IT TRENDS Morrison Hershfield Mission Critical – Data Center Trends and Design
- 6. DENSITY VS. RELIABILITYPROFILE IV ENTERPRISE WEB HOSTING TIER III COLO II OLD MAINFRAME I 50 100 150 200 250 300 W/SF Design Criteria IT TRENDS Morrison Hershfield Mission Critical – Data Center Trends and Design
- 7. COOLING DESIGN TRENDS FIGHTINGDENSITY AND INCREASING ENERGY EFFIECIENCY • IN THE DATA CENTER • FOR THE DATA CENTER • SYSTEM SELECTION PROCESS • ECONOMIZATION ALTERNATIVES Morrison Hershfield Mission Critical – Data Center Trends and Design
- 8. IN THE DATACENTER Fan Powered Cabinet Example Cabinet Fans Hot Air Plenum Raised Floor Hot Air Conditioned Air is discharged out of is drawn through the the top via ductwork front of the cabinet COOLING DESIGN TRENDS Morrison Hershfield Mission Critical – Data Center Trends and Design
- 9. IN THE DATACENTER Water Cooled Cabinet Example Cabinet Fans Discharge Air Cooling Coil Supply Return Raised Piping Floor High Pressure Fan Coil Conditioned Air flex hose and quick-connect on rear door is drawn through the fittings to chilled water cools servers front of the cabinet mains COOLING DESIGN TRENDS Morrison Hershfield Mission Critical – Data Center Trends and Design
- 10. IN THE DATACENTER Hot Aisle Cold Aisle Configuration Return Air Cold Hot Cold Aisle Aisle Aisle Conditioned Air Hot Air Conditioned Air is drawn through the is discharged out of is drawn through the front of the cabinet the back of the cabinet front of the cabinet COOLING DESIGN TRENDS Morrison Hershfield Mission Critical – Data Center Trends and Design
- 11. FOR THE DATACENTER System Selection Process COOLING DESIGN TRENDS Morrison Hershfield Mission Critical – Data Center Trends and Design
- 12. FOR THE DATACENTER System Alternatives • Chiller/Cooling Tower • Air Cooled Chiller • Adiabatic Cooling/Swamp Cooler (Roof, Ground, CRAH) • Outside Air • Air to Air (Munthers, Schneider, Hunt Aire, Kyoto) • Water Side Economizer (Heat Exchanger) • DX Backup/Full-Partial • Drycoolers COOLING DESIGN TRENDS Morrison Hershfield Mission Critical – Data Center Trends and Design
- 13. FOR THE DATACENTER System Selection Process COOLING DESIGN TRENDS Morrison Hershfield Mission Critical – Data Center Trends and Design
- 14. FOR THE DATACENTER System Alternatives Direct Air Economizer System Indirect Air Economizer System Outside air does enter Outside air does not enter the data center the data center COOLING DESIGN TRENDS Morrison Hershfield Mission Critical – Data Center Trends and Design
- 15. FOR THE DATACENTER System Alternatives Direct Evaporative Air Economizer Indirect Evaporative Air Economizer “Swamp” cooler with outside air “Swamp” cooler without outside entering the data center air entering the data center COOLING DESIGN TRENDS Morrison Hershfield Mission Critical – Data Center Trends and Design
- 16. FOR THE DATACENTER KYOTO WHEEL System Alternatives Indirect Air-side Economizer COOLING DESIGN TRENDS Morrison Hershfield Mission Critical – Data Center Trends and Design
- 17. POWER DESIGN TRENDS •RELIABILITY/AVAILABILITY • CONCURRENT MAINTAINABILITY • EXAMPLE ONE LINE Morrison Hershfield Mission Critical – Data Center Trends and Design
- 18. RELIABILITY/AVAILABILITY • Load Density(The Major Issue) • 99.9999% Availability (“Six Sigma”) • 2(N+1), 2N, N+2 Redundancy Common • N or (N+1) Systems Not Good Enough • Fault Tolerant Configurations – Eliminate SPOF’s • Full Concurrent Maintenance POWER DESIGN TRENDS Morrison Hershfield Mission Critical – Data Center Trends and Design
- 19. RELIABILITY/AVAILABILITY Typical UPS Configurations •Single Module Systems • Isolated Redundant • Parallel Redundant • Distributed Redundant • Block Redundant POWER DESIGN TRENDS Morrison Hershfield Mission Critical – Data Center Trends and Design
- 20. RELIABILITY/AVAILABILITY Typical UPS Configurations PARALLEL REDUNDANT POWER DESIGN TRENDS Morrison Hershfield Mission Critical – Data Center Trends and Design
- 21. RELIABILITY/AVAILABILITY Typical UPS Configurations DISTRIBUTED REDUNDANT POWER DESIGN TRENDS Morrison Hershfield Mission Critical – Data Center Trends and Design
- 22. RELIABILITY/AVAILABILITY BLOCK REDUNDANT Typical UPS Configurations POWER DESIGN TRENDS Morrison Hershfield Mission Critical – Data Center Trends and Design
- 23. CONCURRENT MAINTAINABILITY Goals •“Change Tires, Transmission and Engine at 60mph…and Don’t Lose Speed.” • No IT Downtime for Preventative and Corrective Maintenance • Scalability POWER DESIGN TRENDS Morrison Hershfield Mission Critical – Data Center Trends and Design
- 24. THE SOLUTION • Dual/Diverse Utility Services • Dual Active Distribution Paths • N+2 Generator Plant • “Self-Healing” Automation and Control • Physical Separation/Compartmentalization • 2N Static UPS • Dual Electrical Cords to IT Cabinets POWER DESIGN TRENDS Morrison Hershfield Mission Critical – Data Center Trends and Design
- 25. MEDIUM VOLTAGE DISTRIBUTION UtilityBypass/Gen Control Maintenance Red-Normal ‘A’ Green-Normal ‘B’ Yellow-Generator POWER DESIGN TRENDS Morrison Hershfield Mission Critical – Data Center Trends and Design
- 26. UPS – NORMALOPERATION Red-Normal ‘A’ Green-Normal ‘B’ Blue-UPS ‘A’ Pink-UPS’B’ POWER DESIGN TRENDS Morrison Hershfield Mission Critical – Data Center Trends and Design
- 27. UPS TO RPPNORMAL OPERATION Blue-UPS ‘A’ Pink-UPS’B’ POWER DESIGN TRENDS Morrison Hershfield Mission Critical – Data Center Trends and Design
- 28. Thank you andplease feel QUESTIONS? free to contact me Steven Shapiro, PE, ATD SShapiro@MorrisonHershfield.com 914.420.3213 http://www.linkedin.com/in/stevenshapirope References: Uptime Institute White Papers: Tier Myths and Misconceptions Data Center Site Infrastructure Tier Standard: Topology Morrison Hershfield Mission Critical – Data Center Trends and Design