The document is a course submission on the topic of cut flowers within the agricultural business management field. It covers various aspects of floriculture in India, including production data, export potential, grading, packaging, and marketing strategies. Key flowers discussed include gladiolus, rose, and gerbera, with insights into the industry’s growth and challenges in meeting global demands.

1. WELCOME

2. College of Agriculture
Business Management
Narayangaon
Course Title:- Trading of agricultural commodities -2
Course No :- MKT-368

3. “
”
Topic: Cut Flower
Submitted to :
Prof. N. B. Wable
Submitted by :
Bhaskar Shitole ABN-2016/065
Ganesh kadari ABN-2016/034

4. Index
* Introduction
* Present status of area and production under floriculture
* Flowers export from India
* States wise area under flowers production in India
* List of agri-export zone in India
* Potential flowers for export
* Stage of harvest
* Precooling and pulsing treatments
* Grading and standards of flowers
* Packaging materials
* Cold chain
* Pricing strategies
* Distribution channels for flowers
* Marketing in floriculture
* References

5. Introduction
 Cut flowers ( cut flowers are flowers or buds that have been cut from the plant bearing it. )
- High Valued crops
- Highly perishable
 Quality remain best at harvest

6. Floriculture Crops include
 Cut flowers – Gladiolus , rose, gerbera, tuberose, carnation, lilium etc.
 Loose flower – Marigold, jasmine, chrysanthemum, calendula, aster etc.
 Bedding plants – Geraniums, impatiens, petunias etc.
 Foliage plants or houseplants – Dieffenbachia, poinsettias, orchids,
coleus , Ivy , etc.
 Along with these pot plants, cut foliage , seed bulbs, tubers, rooted
cuttings and dried flower and leaves also come in this industry.

7. Area and Production under Floriculture
 Global area : 7,02,383 ha.
 Indian area : 2,49,000 ha.
 Loose flower in india
production : 1658 MT
 Cut flower in india
Production : 472 Lakh No.
 Highest flower cultivated area in india : Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh.
 Highest cut flower production states in India : West Bengal , Karnataka, Jharkhand.

8. Floriculture scenario in India
India share in Global Floriculture area
: 35 %
Growth rate of India’s Floriculture industry : 24 % per annum
India’s share in the global floriculture trade : Only 0.65 %

9. Floriculture exports
 1. Dry flowers 71 %
 2. Fresh cut flowers 18 %
 3. Live plants 9 %
 4. Fresh bulb 1 %
 5. Foliage 1 %

10. State Area (ha.)
Karnataka 19,161
Tamil Nadu 14,194
West Bengal 12,285
Andhra Pradesh 5,933
Maharashtra 3,356
Rajasthan 1,985
Delhi 1,878
Haryana 1,540
Madhya Pradesh 1,270
Uttar Pradesh 1,000
Others 2,166
Total 64,768

11. Production of cut flower in India

12. List of Agri-Export zones for Floriculture
Development

14. Potential Flowers for Export
Gladiolus Rose
Gerbera Tuberose

15. Potential Flowers for Export
Carnation
Lillium
Anthuriumchrysanthemum
Bird of Paradise Iris

16. Stages of harvest

17. Stages of Development For Harvest of Cut Flowers
Name Stages of Development
Marigold Fully open flower
Tuberose
More than 2 pairs of florets open
Rose
Red and pink cultivation first 2 petals beginning
to unfold, calyx reflexed below a horizontal
position
Yellow cultivars slightly earlier than red and pink
White cultivars slightly later than red and pink
Chrysanthemum
Standard cultivars outer petals fully elongated
spray- cultivars. Singles open but before anthesis
Anemones pompons and center of the oldest
flower decorative fully open
Gladiolus 1-5 buds showing color
Harvest stage (I)

18. Stages of Development For Harvest of Cut Flowers
Name Stages of Development
Gerbera Outer row of flower showing pollen
Carnation
Standard cultivars half-open flowers
Spray cultivars 2 fully open flowers
Anthurium Spadix almost fully developed
China Aster Fully open flowers
Cocks Comb ½ florets open
Dahlia Fully open flowers
Harvest stage (II)

19. Precooling and pulsing treatments

22. Grade Standard Spray
Extra class 70-80 cm 60 cm
Class 1 60-70 cm 50 cm
Class 2 50-60 cm 40 cm
Rose: The flowers are graded on length of stems. Cut roses are classified
into three classes are as :-
Code Length
5 5-10 cm
10 10-15 cm
15 15-20 cm
20 20-30 cm
30 30-40 cm
40 40-50 cm
50 50-60 cm
60 60-80 cm
80 80-100 cm
100 100-120 cm
120 More than 120 cm
ESE standards for fresh cut roses

23. Gladiolus :
 Spike Length at least 1 m.
 Floret Diameter at least 10 cm
 Number of florets per spike at least 16
 All florets must face one side
Rose :
 Length of stem ( Neck + Bud + stem ) – at least 60 cm
 Flower colour – attractive, preferably dark red
 No Disease or insect damage
 Harvesting stage – when bud has attained full size but the outer petals are packed

24. Packaging materials

25. Packing materials
 Cellophane paper
 Butter paper
 CFB papers
 Aluminum laminated foil
 Polyethylene sheet

26. Polythene films
LDPE films
Aluminium foil

27. Cello wrapping

28.  CFB boxes with holes
 Thermacol Boxes

30. Cold Chain

32. Pricing strategies
 Seasonal
 Vase life
 Stalk length
 Fragrance
 Color
 Purpose
 Quality

42. References :
 http://www.apeda.gov.in
 Strategies of flowers -by nagaraju kp
 Postharvest Management of Cut Flower by Dr. L. Jeebit Singh -by Jeebit Singh
 Post Harvest Handling of Flower Crops -by girija kumara
 https://www.bestcurrentaffairs.com/data-flower-production-india
 www.biotecharticles.com/Agriculture-Article/Grading-and-Packaging-of-Quality-Grade-Cut-
Flowers-for-Export-3782.html
 Last year manual of MKT – 368

43. THANK YOU
Born with flowers
Live with flowers and
Finally dies with flowers