This document is an outline for a workshop presentation on colon carcinoma. It discusses the multistage theory of carcinogenesis, with mutations in genes like APC, KRAS, and TP53 driving progression. It describes the structure of the colon crypt and role of stem cells. Key pathways in colon cell growth and differentiation like Wnt and BMP signaling are disrupted in cancer. Tumor heterogeneity is high, with hundreds of mutations across dozens of pathways enabling metastasis.
Immunohistochemistry in Gynaecological CancersSujoy Dasgupta
This document discusses the use of immuno-histochemistry (IHC) in the diagnosis of gynecological cancers and precancerous lesions. IHC uses antibodies to detect specific antigens in tissue samples and can help distinguish between lesions, determine tumor origin, and provide prognostic information. Key applications discussed include using p16 to detect HPV infection and distinguish grades of cervical dysplasia, as well as markers like CEA and p16 to differentiate endocervical from endometrial adenocarcinomas. The document cautions that IHC must be interpreted along with histological examination and no single marker can provide a definitive diagnosis.
Immunohistochemistry is an important complimentary tool for diagnosis of cancer"Lawrence Richards
IHC is an important diagnostic tool that can provide valuable information to pathologists. When used along with H&E staining and other special stains, IHC helps identify cell types and origins that can aid in cancer diagnosis, classification, and determining appropriate treatment. Different tumor types express specific protein markers detectable by IHC. While IHC results must be interpreted carefully, they can help diagnose poorly differentiated tumors, identify primary sites of metastatic cancers, and guide personalized cancer treatment decisions. Large antibody panels are used for different cancer types to provide diagnostic, prognostic and predictive information through protein expression profiling.
principle of Immunohistochemistry and its use in diagnosticsEkta Jajodia
Immunohistochemistry (IHC) localizes antigens in tissues based on antigen-antibody recognition. The principle is visualizing target compounds in tissues with high signal-to-noise ratio. IHC was developed in the 1960s using enzyme labels instead of fluorescent labels to visualize targets under a light microscope. Key steps in IHC include antigen retrieval to unmask antigens, blocking endogenous enzymes, primary antibody incubation, secondary antibody or polymer incubation, and signal development with chromogens. IHC is commonly performed on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded sections and can identify cell types and localization of proteins to characterize tissues.
The document discusses carcinoma of the colon and its management. It provides details on epidemiology, risk factors, staging, diagnostic workup, surgery, adjuvant therapy including chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Surgery is the primary treatment but adjuvant therapy with chemotherapy improves survival outcomes, especially in stage III disease. Chemotherapy regimens like FOLFOX and 5-FU plus leucovorin are commonly used in the adjuvant and metastatic settings.
Este documento describe los dos tipos básicos de sistemas de computadora: sistemas de 8 bits como los XT que usan el procesador 8088 y el bus ISA, y sistemas de 16/32/64 bits como los AT. También describe los componentes clave de una placa base como la controladora IDE, la fuente de alimentación, la RAM, el AGP, y la tarjeta de sonido. Finalmente, destaca la importancia de usar herramientas adecuadas como equipo ESD, software y hardware de diagnóstico para reparar sistemas de comput
Este documento presenta resúmenes y extractos de varios libros recientes sobre temas como filosofía, arte, cómics, narrativa hispanoamericana, relaciones humanas, terapias alternativas, espiritualidad y más. Los libros provienen de editoriales como Trakatrá, Hotel de las Letras e Inspiraciones y cubren una amplia gama de géneros y temas.
Un niño se lastima en la montaña y grita, escuchando su eco repetir lo que dice. Su padre le explica que el eco es en realidad la vida devolviéndole a uno lo que da. La vida es un reflejo de nuestras acciones, por lo que si queremos más amor y felicidad en el mundo debemos crear más amor y felicidad a nuestro alrededor.
This document is an outline for a workshop presentation on colon carcinoma. It discusses the multistage theory of carcinogenesis, with mutations in genes like APC, KRAS, and TP53 driving progression. It describes the structure of the colon crypt and role of stem cells. Key pathways in colon cell growth and differentiation like Wnt and BMP signaling are disrupted in cancer. Tumor heterogeneity is high, with hundreds of mutations across dozens of pathways enabling metastasis.
Immunohistochemistry in Gynaecological CancersSujoy Dasgupta
This document discusses the use of immuno-histochemistry (IHC) in the diagnosis of gynecological cancers and precancerous lesions. IHC uses antibodies to detect specific antigens in tissue samples and can help distinguish between lesions, determine tumor origin, and provide prognostic information. Key applications discussed include using p16 to detect HPV infection and distinguish grades of cervical dysplasia, as well as markers like CEA and p16 to differentiate endocervical from endometrial adenocarcinomas. The document cautions that IHC must be interpreted along with histological examination and no single marker can provide a definitive diagnosis.
Immunohistochemistry is an important complimentary tool for diagnosis of cancer"Lawrence Richards
IHC is an important diagnostic tool that can provide valuable information to pathologists. When used along with H&E staining and other special stains, IHC helps identify cell types and origins that can aid in cancer diagnosis, classification, and determining appropriate treatment. Different tumor types express specific protein markers detectable by IHC. While IHC results must be interpreted carefully, they can help diagnose poorly differentiated tumors, identify primary sites of metastatic cancers, and guide personalized cancer treatment decisions. Large antibody panels are used for different cancer types to provide diagnostic, prognostic and predictive information through protein expression profiling.
principle of Immunohistochemistry and its use in diagnosticsEkta Jajodia
Immunohistochemistry (IHC) localizes antigens in tissues based on antigen-antibody recognition. The principle is visualizing target compounds in tissues with high signal-to-noise ratio. IHC was developed in the 1960s using enzyme labels instead of fluorescent labels to visualize targets under a light microscope. Key steps in IHC include antigen retrieval to unmask antigens, blocking endogenous enzymes, primary antibody incubation, secondary antibody or polymer incubation, and signal development with chromogens. IHC is commonly performed on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded sections and can identify cell types and localization of proteins to characterize tissues.
The document discusses carcinoma of the colon and its management. It provides details on epidemiology, risk factors, staging, diagnostic workup, surgery, adjuvant therapy including chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Surgery is the primary treatment but adjuvant therapy with chemotherapy improves survival outcomes, especially in stage III disease. Chemotherapy regimens like FOLFOX and 5-FU plus leucovorin are commonly used in the adjuvant and metastatic settings.
Este documento describe los dos tipos básicos de sistemas de computadora: sistemas de 8 bits como los XT que usan el procesador 8088 y el bus ISA, y sistemas de 16/32/64 bits como los AT. También describe los componentes clave de una placa base como la controladora IDE, la fuente de alimentación, la RAM, el AGP, y la tarjeta de sonido. Finalmente, destaca la importancia de usar herramientas adecuadas como equipo ESD, software y hardware de diagnóstico para reparar sistemas de comput
Este documento presenta resúmenes y extractos de varios libros recientes sobre temas como filosofía, arte, cómics, narrativa hispanoamericana, relaciones humanas, terapias alternativas, espiritualidad y más. Los libros provienen de editoriales como Trakatrá, Hotel de las Letras e Inspiraciones y cubren una amplia gama de géneros y temas.
Un niño se lastima en la montaña y grita, escuchando su eco repetir lo que dice. Su padre le explica que el eco es en realidad la vida devolviéndole a uno lo que da. La vida es un reflejo de nuestras acciones, por lo que si queremos más amor y felicidad en el mundo debemos crear más amor y felicidad a nuestro alrededor.
You have attempted to access a restricted page without providing valid authentication credentials. This page indicates that the request requires user authentication and authorization, and that the credentials provided, if any, are invalid or insufficient for accessing the requested resource. The server is refusing to respond to the request until valid credentials are supplied.
This product work log documents Wade Godfrey's exercise activity on October 13, 2011. It shows that from 4pm to 5pm, Wade stretched and then ran 2 miles on the track inside the YMCA in Canton. After running, Wade stretched again before leaving. The comment suggests getting rest and fluids before a race this Saturday.
El documento habla sobre la importancia de saber a dónde quieres ir en el futuro y emprender acción para crear tu propio destino. Sugiera que los seres humanos tienen libre albedrío para determinar su futuro siempre y cuando tengan una guía y comiencen a actuar en pro de sus objetivos.
Heather Jones wrote a letter to the judges of her senior project explaining her interest in law and her career goals. She researched how the "CSI effect" influences juror decisions and found that television shows unrealistic portray evidence presented in trials. Jones learned the importance of paying attention to details in evidence to make persuasive arguments in court. Through completing her senior project, she gained a job at a law firm and remains committed to pursuing a career in law by obtaining degrees from Kennesaw State University and Emory Law School to eventually start her own firm.
O documento descreve vários projetos de infraestrutura em aeroportos brasileiros que receberão financiamento federal no valor total de R$56,4 milhões. Também relata uma reunião do Conselho de Administração da empresa Infraero onde foi discutida a renúncia de um membro e sua substituição. Por fim, apresenta portarias sobre credenciamento de laboratórios e emissão de certificados para operações aeroagrícolas.
Los ordenadores analógicos y digitales resuelven problemas físicos realizando cálculos. Los ordenadores analógicos aprovechan las similitudes matemáticas entre problemas físicos, mientras que los digitales pueden introducir datos analógicos mediante convertidores. Durante las guerras mundiales, se usaron sistemas de información analógicos para predecir trayectorias de torpedos y bombas. Los avances tecnológicos han mejorado los sistemas informáticos y reducido los precios.
Este documento describe las características de las bases de datos orientadas a objetos. Explica que este tipo de bases de datos almacenan objetos en lugar de tuplas, y que los objetos pueden encapsular datos y comportamiento. También describe algunas ventajas de las bases de datos orientadas a objetos como una mayor capacidad de modelado y aplicabilidad, así como algunos desafíos como la falta de un modelo de datos universalmente aceptado y la competencia con las bases de datos relacionales.
You have attempted to access a restricted page without providing valid authentication credentials. This page indicates that the request requires user authentication and authorization, and that the credentials provided, if any, are invalid or insufficient for accessing the requested resource. The server is refusing to respond to the request until valid credentials are supplied.
This product work log documents Wade Godfrey's exercise activity on October 13, 2011. It shows that from 4pm to 5pm, Wade stretched and then ran 2 miles on the track inside the YMCA in Canton. After running, Wade stretched again before leaving. The comment suggests getting rest and fluids before a race this Saturday.
El documento habla sobre la importancia de saber a dónde quieres ir en el futuro y emprender acción para crear tu propio destino. Sugiera que los seres humanos tienen libre albedrío para determinar su futuro siempre y cuando tengan una guía y comiencen a actuar en pro de sus objetivos.
Heather Jones wrote a letter to the judges of her senior project explaining her interest in law and her career goals. She researched how the "CSI effect" influences juror decisions and found that television shows unrealistic portray evidence presented in trials. Jones learned the importance of paying attention to details in evidence to make persuasive arguments in court. Through completing her senior project, she gained a job at a law firm and remains committed to pursuing a career in law by obtaining degrees from Kennesaw State University and Emory Law School to eventually start her own firm.
O documento descreve vários projetos de infraestrutura em aeroportos brasileiros que receberão financiamento federal no valor total de R$56,4 milhões. Também relata uma reunião do Conselho de Administração da empresa Infraero onde foi discutida a renúncia de um membro e sua substituição. Por fim, apresenta portarias sobre credenciamento de laboratórios e emissão de certificados para operações aeroagrícolas.
Los ordenadores analógicos y digitales resuelven problemas físicos realizando cálculos. Los ordenadores analógicos aprovechan las similitudes matemáticas entre problemas físicos, mientras que los digitales pueden introducir datos analógicos mediante convertidores. Durante las guerras mundiales, se usaron sistemas de información analógicos para predecir trayectorias de torpedos y bombas. Los avances tecnológicos han mejorado los sistemas informáticos y reducido los precios.
Este documento describe las características de las bases de datos orientadas a objetos. Explica que este tipo de bases de datos almacenan objetos en lugar de tuplas, y que los objetos pueden encapsular datos y comportamiento. También describe algunas ventajas de las bases de datos orientadas a objetos como una mayor capacidad de modelado y aplicabilidad, así como algunos desafíos como la falta de un modelo de datos universalmente aceptado y la competencia con las bases de datos relacionales.