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H O W B L O C K C H A I N W I L L T R A N S F O R M
B A N K I N G & P A Y M E N T S
BEYOND BITCOIN
DX Markets
2
DX Markets is a FinTech start-up that enables
financial companies to leverage blockchain
technology and integrate it into their financial
processes.
A B O U T U S
3
M A R C E L O G A R C Í A C A S I L
C E O , D X M A R K E T S
+65 9272 5217
marcelo.garciacasil@dxmarkets.com
DX Markets
Marcelo is a financial technology
expert; having 10+ years of
experience building capital markets
solutions for investment banks.
With DX Markets, Marcelo is
involved in developing technology
solutions using blockchain technology
in a number of areas within banking
streams.
4
Blockchain
Distributed Ledger Technology
5
Distributed, Auditable & Secure
Blockchains are distributed shared databases that
allow multiple parties to maintain a ledger of
financial transactions that are auditable, tamper-
proof and cryptographically secure.
6
CENTRALISED
VERIFICATION
DISTRIBUTED
VERIFICATION
Transaction validity is
determined centrally by a
single entity.
Transaction validity is
determined by network
consensus
7
Key Advantages
Trust
Blockchain ledgers
enable parties to
transact with each
other without requiring
a trusted intermediary.
Consensus
Transactions are
validated by a system of
distributed participants
that reach consensus
based on pre-defined
business rules.
8
Auditing
Ledger records are
tamper-proof; protected
by cryptography.
Built-in audit trails
enable full traceability of
transactions.
9
Open-Loop Systems
How Credit Cards Work
O P E N - L O O P P A Y M E N T N E T W O R K
CARDHOLDER MERCHANT
CREDIT CARD
NETWORK
CARD ISSUER ACQUIRER
LEGEND:
Financial	
  Flow
Information	
  Flow
Purchase
Merchant transmits
transaction to Acquirer
2
1
10
Acquirer transmits
transaction to
Network
3
Network transmits
transaction to Issuer
4
Issuer bills
holder for the
transaction
5
Cardholder pays
total amount
6
Issuer pays
Network less fees
7 Network pays
Acquirer less fees
8
Acquirer pays
Merchant less fees
9
11
P R O B L E M S W I T H E X I S T I N G S Y S T E M
r High transaction costs
r Slow clearing cycle
r Expensive cross-border settlement
r Lack of transparency
Closed-Loop System
Blockchain as a Payment Channel
12
C L O S E D - L O O P P A Y M E N T N E T W O R K
13
CARDHOLDER A MERCHANTXYZ
CARD ISSUER
BLOCKCHAIN
transaction ID:
xxx..........xxx
amount: $20.00
recipient: XYZ
BLOCKCHAIN LEDGER
Merchant sends
payment request
by creating an
unsigned
blockchain
transaction
1
LEGEND:
Financial	
  Flow
Information	
  Flow
Operates Network PaymentRequest
C L O S E D - L O O P P A Y M E N T N E T W O R K
14
CARDHOLDER A MERCHANTXYZ
CARD ISSUER
BLOCKCHAIN
transaction ID:
xxx..........xxx
amount: $20.00
recipient: XYZ
BLOCKCHAIN LEDGER
Merchant sends
payment request
by creating an
unsigned
blockchain
transaction
1
LEGEND:
Financial	
  Flow
Information	
  Flow
Operates Network PaymentRequest
C L O S E D - L O O P P A Y M E N T N E T W O R K
15
CARDHOLDER A MERCHANTXYZ
CARD ISSUER
BLOCKCHAIN
transaction ID:
xxx..........xxx
amount: $20.00
recipient: XYZ
signed by: Alice
BLOCKCHAIN LEDGER
Merchant sends
payment request
by creating an
unsigned
blockchain
transaction
1
LEGEND:
Financial	
  Flow
Information	
  Flow
Operates Network
2 Customer digitally
signs the transaction
PaymentRequest
C L O S E D - L O O P P A Y M E N T N E T W O R K
16
CARDHOLDER A MERCHANTXYZ
CARD ISSUER
BLOCKCHAIN
transaction ID:
xxx..........xxx
amount: $20.00
recipient: XYZ
signed by: Alice
---
TRANSACTION
CONFIRMED
---
BLOCKCHAIN LEDGER
Merchant sends
payment request
by creating an
unsigned
blockchain
transaction
1
LEGEND:
Financial	
  Flow
Information	
  Flow
Operates Network
2 Customer digitally
signs the transaction
and it is confirmed
on the ledger.
PaymentRequest
IOUs
C L O S E D - L O O P P A Y M E N T N E T W O R K
17
CARDHOLDER A MERCHANTXYZ
CARD ISSUER
BLOCKCHAIN
transaction ID:
xxx..........xxx
amount: $20.00
recipient: XYZ
signed by: Alice
---
TRANSACTION
CONFIRMED
---
BLOCKCHAIN LEDGER
Merchant sends
payment request
by creating an
unsigned
blockchain
transaction
1
LEGEND:
Financial	
  Flow
Information	
  Flow
Card issuer bills
holder for the
transaction
3
Operates Network
2 Customer digitally
signs the transaction
and it is confirmed
on the ledger.
PaymentRequest
IOUs
C L O S E D - L O O P P A Y M E N T N E T W O R K
18
CARDHOLDER A MERCHANTXYZ
CARD ISSUER
BLOCKCHAIN
transaction ID:
xxx..........xxx
amount: $20.00
recipient: XYZ
signed by: Alice
---
TRANSACTION
CONFIRMED
---
BLOCKCHAIN LEDGER
Merchant sends
payment request
by creating an
unsigned
blockchain
transaction
1
LEGEND:
Financial	
  Flow
Information	
  Flow
Card issuer bills
holder for the
transaction
3
Cardholder pays
total amount
4
Operates Network
2 Customer digitally
signs the transaction
and it is confirmed
on the ledger.
PaymentRequest
IOUs
C L O S E D - L O O P P A Y M E N T N E T W O R K
19
CARDHOLDER A MERCHANTXYZ
CARD ISSUER
BLOCKCHAIN
transaction ID:
xxx..........xxx
amount: $20.00
recipient: XYZ
signed by: Alice
---
TRANSACTION
CONFIRMED
---
BLOCKCHAIN LEDGER
Merchant sends
payment request
by creating an
unsigned
blockchain
transaction
1
Card issuer pays merchant
in exchange for IOUs
5
LEGEND:
Financial	
  Flow
Information	
  Flow
Card issuer bills
holder for the
transaction
3
Cardholder pays
total amount
4
Operates Network
2 Customer digitally
signs the transaction
and it is confirmed
on the ledger.
PaymentRequest
IOUs
20
B E N E F I T S O F B L O C K C H A I N S O L U T I O N
Ø No intermediaries
Ø Lower transaction costs
Ø Faster clearing times
Ø Transparent system
Ø Simplified cross-border settlement
O P E N - L O O P P A Y M E N T N E T W O R K
CARDHOLDER MERCHANT
CREDIT CARD
NETWORK
CARD ISSUER ACQUIRER
LEGEND:
Financial	
  Flow
Information	
  Flow
Purchase
Merchant transmits
transaction to Acquirer
2
1
21
Acquirer transmits
transaction to
Network
3
Network transmits
transaction to Issuer
4
Issuer bills
holder for the
transaction
5
Cardholder pays
total amount
6
Issuer pays
Network less fees
7 Network pays
Acquirer less fees
8
Acquirer pays
Merchant less fees
9
C L O S E D - L O O P P A Y M E N T N E T W O R K
22
CARDHOLDER MERCHANT
CARD ISSUER
BLOCKCHAIN
QR CODE
EMV CARD
Card issuer bills
holder for the
transaction
3
Cardholder pays
total amount
4
Card issuer compensates
merchant less fees
5
Purchase1
LEGEND:
Financial	
  Flow
Information	
  Flow
Payment request sent,
signed and confirmed
to blockchain.
2
Operates Network
C L O S E D - L O O P P A Y M E N T N E T W O R K
23
MERCHANTA
CARD ISSUER A
MERCHANTB
MERCHANTC
CARD ISSUER B
BLOCKCHAIN
24
O P E N - L O O P V S . C L O S E D - L O O P N E T W O R K
TRANSACTION
COST ~3% ~1-2%
REAL-TIME
SETTLEMENT
PROCESSING
TIME AT P.O.S.
TRANSPARENCY
OFFLINE
PAYMENT
SECURITY
C R E D I T C A R D
N E T W O R K
TRANSACTION
FLOW
B L O C K C H A I N
N E T W O R K
Via Intermediaries Direct
Immediate Immediate
Chip-and-PIN Cryptography
25
C H A L L E N G E S
Ø Technology not fully mature yet
Ø Merchant adoption
Ø Transaction volume
Ø Legacy infrastructure
26
C O N C L U S I O N
Ø Blockchain technologycan be used to create a closed-loop payment
system that is more efficient than the existing credit card infrastructure.
Ø Using a shared ledger improves transparency, enables real-time
settlement and reduces clearing times.
Ø Blockchain, as a financial messaging network, reduces transaction cost
by removing the need for intermediaries.
Ø Shared ledger technology presents a great market opportunity for early
adopters, albeit with some challenges.
27
Questions?
W W W . D X M A R K E T S . C O M
M A R C E L O . G A R C I A C A S I L @ D X M A R K E T S . C O M

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Beyond Bitcoin - v7

  • 1. H O W B L O C K C H A I N W I L L T R A N S F O R M B A N K I N G & P A Y M E N T S BEYOND BITCOIN
  • 2. DX Markets 2 DX Markets is a FinTech start-up that enables financial companies to leverage blockchain technology and integrate it into their financial processes. A B O U T U S
  • 3. 3
  • 4. M A R C E L O G A R C Í A C A S I L C E O , D X M A R K E T S +65 9272 5217 marcelo.garciacasil@dxmarkets.com DX Markets Marcelo is a financial technology expert; having 10+ years of experience building capital markets solutions for investment banks. With DX Markets, Marcelo is involved in developing technology solutions using blockchain technology in a number of areas within banking streams. 4
  • 6. Distributed, Auditable & Secure Blockchains are distributed shared databases that allow multiple parties to maintain a ledger of financial transactions that are auditable, tamper- proof and cryptographically secure. 6
  • 7. CENTRALISED VERIFICATION DISTRIBUTED VERIFICATION Transaction validity is determined centrally by a single entity. Transaction validity is determined by network consensus 7
  • 8. Key Advantages Trust Blockchain ledgers enable parties to transact with each other without requiring a trusted intermediary. Consensus Transactions are validated by a system of distributed participants that reach consensus based on pre-defined business rules. 8 Auditing Ledger records are tamper-proof; protected by cryptography. Built-in audit trails enable full traceability of transactions.
  • 10. O P E N - L O O P P A Y M E N T N E T W O R K CARDHOLDER MERCHANT CREDIT CARD NETWORK CARD ISSUER ACQUIRER LEGEND: Financial  Flow Information  Flow Purchase Merchant transmits transaction to Acquirer 2 1 10 Acquirer transmits transaction to Network 3 Network transmits transaction to Issuer 4 Issuer bills holder for the transaction 5 Cardholder pays total amount 6 Issuer pays Network less fees 7 Network pays Acquirer less fees 8 Acquirer pays Merchant less fees 9
  • 11. 11 P R O B L E M S W I T H E X I S T I N G S Y S T E M r High transaction costs r Slow clearing cycle r Expensive cross-border settlement r Lack of transparency
  • 12. Closed-Loop System Blockchain as a Payment Channel 12
  • 13. C L O S E D - L O O P P A Y M E N T N E T W O R K 13 CARDHOLDER A MERCHANTXYZ CARD ISSUER BLOCKCHAIN transaction ID: xxx..........xxx amount: $20.00 recipient: XYZ BLOCKCHAIN LEDGER Merchant sends payment request by creating an unsigned blockchain transaction 1 LEGEND: Financial  Flow Information  Flow Operates Network PaymentRequest
  • 14. C L O S E D - L O O P P A Y M E N T N E T W O R K 14 CARDHOLDER A MERCHANTXYZ CARD ISSUER BLOCKCHAIN transaction ID: xxx..........xxx amount: $20.00 recipient: XYZ BLOCKCHAIN LEDGER Merchant sends payment request by creating an unsigned blockchain transaction 1 LEGEND: Financial  Flow Information  Flow Operates Network PaymentRequest
  • 15. C L O S E D - L O O P P A Y M E N T N E T W O R K 15 CARDHOLDER A MERCHANTXYZ CARD ISSUER BLOCKCHAIN transaction ID: xxx..........xxx amount: $20.00 recipient: XYZ signed by: Alice BLOCKCHAIN LEDGER Merchant sends payment request by creating an unsigned blockchain transaction 1 LEGEND: Financial  Flow Information  Flow Operates Network 2 Customer digitally signs the transaction PaymentRequest
  • 16. C L O S E D - L O O P P A Y M E N T N E T W O R K 16 CARDHOLDER A MERCHANTXYZ CARD ISSUER BLOCKCHAIN transaction ID: xxx..........xxx amount: $20.00 recipient: XYZ signed by: Alice --- TRANSACTION CONFIRMED --- BLOCKCHAIN LEDGER Merchant sends payment request by creating an unsigned blockchain transaction 1 LEGEND: Financial  Flow Information  Flow Operates Network 2 Customer digitally signs the transaction and it is confirmed on the ledger. PaymentRequest IOUs
  • 17. C L O S E D - L O O P P A Y M E N T N E T W O R K 17 CARDHOLDER A MERCHANTXYZ CARD ISSUER BLOCKCHAIN transaction ID: xxx..........xxx amount: $20.00 recipient: XYZ signed by: Alice --- TRANSACTION CONFIRMED --- BLOCKCHAIN LEDGER Merchant sends payment request by creating an unsigned blockchain transaction 1 LEGEND: Financial  Flow Information  Flow Card issuer bills holder for the transaction 3 Operates Network 2 Customer digitally signs the transaction and it is confirmed on the ledger. PaymentRequest IOUs
  • 18. C L O S E D - L O O P P A Y M E N T N E T W O R K 18 CARDHOLDER A MERCHANTXYZ CARD ISSUER BLOCKCHAIN transaction ID: xxx..........xxx amount: $20.00 recipient: XYZ signed by: Alice --- TRANSACTION CONFIRMED --- BLOCKCHAIN LEDGER Merchant sends payment request by creating an unsigned blockchain transaction 1 LEGEND: Financial  Flow Information  Flow Card issuer bills holder for the transaction 3 Cardholder pays total amount 4 Operates Network 2 Customer digitally signs the transaction and it is confirmed on the ledger. PaymentRequest IOUs
  • 19. C L O S E D - L O O P P A Y M E N T N E T W O R K 19 CARDHOLDER A MERCHANTXYZ CARD ISSUER BLOCKCHAIN transaction ID: xxx..........xxx amount: $20.00 recipient: XYZ signed by: Alice --- TRANSACTION CONFIRMED --- BLOCKCHAIN LEDGER Merchant sends payment request by creating an unsigned blockchain transaction 1 Card issuer pays merchant in exchange for IOUs 5 LEGEND: Financial  Flow Information  Flow Card issuer bills holder for the transaction 3 Cardholder pays total amount 4 Operates Network 2 Customer digitally signs the transaction and it is confirmed on the ledger. PaymentRequest IOUs
  • 20. 20 B E N E F I T S O F B L O C K C H A I N S O L U T I O N Ø No intermediaries Ø Lower transaction costs Ø Faster clearing times Ø Transparent system Ø Simplified cross-border settlement
  • 21. O P E N - L O O P P A Y M E N T N E T W O R K CARDHOLDER MERCHANT CREDIT CARD NETWORK CARD ISSUER ACQUIRER LEGEND: Financial  Flow Information  Flow Purchase Merchant transmits transaction to Acquirer 2 1 21 Acquirer transmits transaction to Network 3 Network transmits transaction to Issuer 4 Issuer bills holder for the transaction 5 Cardholder pays total amount 6 Issuer pays Network less fees 7 Network pays Acquirer less fees 8 Acquirer pays Merchant less fees 9
  • 22. C L O S E D - L O O P P A Y M E N T N E T W O R K 22 CARDHOLDER MERCHANT CARD ISSUER BLOCKCHAIN QR CODE EMV CARD Card issuer bills holder for the transaction 3 Cardholder pays total amount 4 Card issuer compensates merchant less fees 5 Purchase1 LEGEND: Financial  Flow Information  Flow Payment request sent, signed and confirmed to blockchain. 2 Operates Network
  • 23. C L O S E D - L O O P P A Y M E N T N E T W O R K 23 MERCHANTA CARD ISSUER A MERCHANTB MERCHANTC CARD ISSUER B BLOCKCHAIN
  • 24. 24 O P E N - L O O P V S . C L O S E D - L O O P N E T W O R K TRANSACTION COST ~3% ~1-2% REAL-TIME SETTLEMENT PROCESSING TIME AT P.O.S. TRANSPARENCY OFFLINE PAYMENT SECURITY C R E D I T C A R D N E T W O R K TRANSACTION FLOW B L O C K C H A I N N E T W O R K Via Intermediaries Direct Immediate Immediate Chip-and-PIN Cryptography
  • 25. 25 C H A L L E N G E S Ø Technology not fully mature yet Ø Merchant adoption Ø Transaction volume Ø Legacy infrastructure
  • 26. 26 C O N C L U S I O N Ø Blockchain technologycan be used to create a closed-loop payment system that is more efficient than the existing credit card infrastructure. Ø Using a shared ledger improves transparency, enables real-time settlement and reduces clearing times. Ø Blockchain, as a financial messaging network, reduces transaction cost by removing the need for intermediaries. Ø Shared ledger technology presents a great market opportunity for early adopters, albeit with some challenges.
  • 27. 27 Questions? W W W . D X M A R K E T S . C O M M A R C E L O . G A R C I A C A S I L @ D X M A R K E T S . C O M