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Art Nouveau ppt
Art Nouveau was an artistic style that emerged in Europe in the late 19th century, known for its organic and flowing forms inspired by nature. It flourished between 1890-1914, seen in architecture, furniture, graphics and more. Key characteristics included asymmetric shapes, curved glass, plant-like motifs, and rejection of past styles. Major Art Nouveau architects included Victor Horta, Hector Guimard, Charles Rennie Mackintosh, Antonio Gaudi and Louis Sullivan; their works incorporated these features. By the 1920s, Art Deco's simpler geometries replaced Art Nouveau's extravagant curves, seen as outdated.
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Art Nouveau ppt
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- 2. OUTLINE • Birth ofArt Nouveau • Introduction: Art Nouveau -Time & Place -Hallmarks of Art Nouveau Styles -Other names for Art Nouveau -Critical Nicknames • Art Nouveau Architecture -Features -Pierre Francastel -Stephan Tschudi Madsen -Art Nouveau Architects and their Works • Beginning of Art Deco • References
- 3. BIRTH OF ARTNOUVEAU The last third of the 19th century saw the development of a fundamentally approach to architecture and interior design. All over Europe there was a need for liberating change of direction, a desire to break away from set formulas based on pastiche of historical styles and a search for original ideas, all of which resulted at the beginning of the 1890s in the birth of Art Nouveau.
- 4. INTRODUCTION: ART NOUVEAU Art Nouveau (French for "New Style") was popularized by the famous Maison de l'Art Nouveau (House of New Art), a Paris art gallery operated by Siegfried Bing.
- 5. INTRODUCTION: ART NOUVEAU ArtNouveau represents the beginning of modernism in design (Modern Architecture). It occurred at a time when mass-produced consumer goods began to fill the marketplace, and designers, architects, and artists began to understand that the handcrafted work of centuries past could be lost. While reclaiming this craft tradition, art nouveau designers simultaneously rejected traditional styles in favor of new, organic forms that emphasized humanity's connection to nature.
- 6. INTRODUCTION: ART NOUVEAU TIME& PLACE Art Nouveau art and architecture flourished in major European cities between 1890 and 1914.
- 7. INTRODUCTION: ART NOUVEAU Itembraced all forms of art and design: • architecture • furniture • glassware • graphic design • jewelry • painting • pottery • metalwork • textile This was a sharp contrast to the traditional separation of art into the distinct categories of fine art (painting and sculpture) and applied arts (ceramics,furniture, and other practical objects).
- 8. INTRODUCTION: ART NOUVEAU HALLMARKSOF ART NOUVEAU STYLE • flat, decorative patterns; • intertwined organic forms such as stems or flowers; • an emphasis on handcrafting as opposed to machine manufacturing; • the use of new materials; • and the rejection of earlier styles
- 9. INTRODUCTION: ART NOUVEAU Othernames for Art Nouveau: As it moved through Europe, Art Nouveau went through several phases and took on a variety of names. • Nieuwe Kunst In Netherland • Jugendstil in Germany • Arte Joven, in Spain • Secession, in Austria • Stile Liberty, in Italy
- 10. INTRODUCTION: ART NOUVEAU CRITICALNICKNAMES From its earliest appearance, the Art Nouveau was also dubbed with a host of critical nicknames such as: • Eel style • Noodle style • Mutton bone style • Dandy style
- 11. ART NOUVEAU ARCHITECTURE FEATURES ArtNouveau buildings have many of these features: • Asymmetrical shapes • Extensive use of arches and curved forms • Curved glass • Curving, plant-like embellishments • Mosaics • Stained glass • Japanese motifs
- 12. ART NOUVEAU ARCHITECTURE Pierre Francastel divides Art Nouveau into two main tendencies that could broadly termed the organic and the rationalist
- 13. ART NOUVEAU ARCHITECTURE Rationalist: Organic: Mackintosh school Gaudi house Glasglow, Scotland Barcelona, Spain 1897-1909 1903 -dependent on the straight line -gives precedence to the curved line and floral shapes
- 14. ART NOUVEAU ARCHITECTURE Stephan Tschudi Madsen (Art Historian) proposed a more subtle classification, but still relies on an assumed antagonism between four designs
- 15. ART NOUVEAU ARCHITECTURE In his book Sources of Art Nouveau, he describes for styles: 1. An abstract, structural style with 2. A floral approach focuding on a strong symbolic and dynamic tendency (France & Belgium) organic plant forms (Horta, Guimard, Van de Velde) (Galle, Majorelle, Vallin) Henry Van de Velde’s house Aquarium Pavillion
- 16. ART NOUVEAU ARCHITECTURE 3. The linear, flat approach, with a 4. A structured, geometric style heavy symbolic element (Austria & Germany) (Glasglow group, Mackintosh) (Wagner, Olbrich, Hoffmann, Loos) Glasgow School of Art Majolikahaus in Vienna by Charles Rennie Mackintosh by Otto Wagner
- 17. ART NOUVEAU ARCHITECTS AND THEIR WORKS
- 18. Victor Horta (Belgian architect and designer) (January6, 1861 - September 8 1947)
- 19. Hotel Tassel Brussels, Belgium Construction started1893 Completed 1894 (1st Art Nouveau Building in the World)
- 20. Stairway of TasselHouse, Brussels
- 21. Hôtel van Eetvelde Brussels, Belgium Constructionstarted 1898 Completed 1900
- 23. Hôtel van Eetveldeoffice : fireplace
- 25. Hôtel Solvay Brussels, Belgium Construction started1898 Completed 1900
- 27. Horta Museum formerly known as Maison& Atelier Horta Brussels, Belgium Construction started 1898 Completed 1900
- 28. Hector Guimard (French architect) (Lyon, March10, 1867 – New York, May 20, 1942)
- 29. Castel Beranger Paris, France 1890 circa multi-familty Building Type housing, apartment building Construction bearing masonry, System brick, cast iron Climate temperate Context urban Notes Graceful asymmetrical wrought iron entry gate, precedent to work of contemporary American blacksmith Albert Paley.
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- 31. Paris Metro Entrances Paris, France 1899 to1905 light rail rapid Building Type transit stations Construction iron and glass System Climate temperate Context urban Notes Graceful organic forms.
- 32. Hotel Guimard Paris, France 1912 Building Type private residence hotel cut stone bearing Construction System masonry Climate temperate Context urban Notes Elegant facade with organic detailing.
- 33. Louis Sullivan (Americanarchitect) (September 3, 1856 – April 14, 1924) "father of skyscrapers“ "father of modernism“ one of "the recognized trinity of American architecture"
- 34. Wainwright Building Missouri, USA 1890 to1891 Height: 44.81 meters / 147 feet Stories: 10
- 35. Charles Rennie Mackintosh (British Architect, Interior Designer)
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- 38. Antonio Gaudi (Architect, Barcelona) Gaudi was a Spanish (Catalan) Architect who created complex buildings in that the architecture was considered sculptural as well. His buildings are considered biomorphic, or organically-shaped. This is possibly a rejection to the coldness that a machine-produced geometric object would create
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- 41. La Sagrada Familia (The Holy Family) Barcelona,Catalonia, Spain 1882-2026
- 43. Parque Güell Barcelona, Spain 1900 to1914 Parque Güell, or Guell Park is surrounded by an undulating mosaic wall.
- 45. BEGINNING OF ARTDECO • When Art Nouveau fell out of fashion in the 1920s and 1930s, it was replaced by the clean, simple geometries of Art Deco. • The extravagant curves of Art Nouveau were seen as old-fashioned and viewed with contempt.
- 46. BEGINNING OF ARTDECO • Many Art Nouveau products were put away, spurned, or destroyed. • Rooms once decorated in what had been the height of fashion were redecorated to conform to the latest taste.
- 47. BEGINNING OF ARTDECO • It was not until nearly half a century later, in 1952, the first comprehensive exhibition devoted to Art Nouveau was organized in Zurich, Switzerland. • Present day interest in Art Nouveau, and in particular its widespread appreciation within the last thirty years, has once again firmly established it as an important art movement.
- 48. REFERENCES • http://www.docstoc.com/docs/79051493/Art-Nouveau-%28PowerPoint%29 • http://www.greatbuildings.com/architects/Hector_Guimard.html • http://architecture.about.com/od/artnouveau/g/artnouveau.htm • http://www.mr-oscar-wilde.de/lifetime/art_nouveau.htm#Sullivan • http://architecture.about.com/od/greatbuildings/ig/Antoni-Gaud-/Guell-Park.htm • KEIICHI TAHARA Art Nouveau Architecture Philippine Thiebaut Bruno Girveau ©2000 Thames and Hudson Ltd, London • ALASTAIR DUNCAN Art Nouveau (170 illustrations, 32 in colour) ©1994 Thames and Hudson Ltd, London • Art Nouveau (Spirit of the Belle Epoque) by Susan A. Sternau © 1996 Todri Production Limited • The Sources of Modern Architecture and Design by Nikolaus Pevsner ©1968 Thames and Hudson Ltd, London
Editor's Notes
- #4 During the late 1800s, many European artists, graphic designers, and architects rebelled against formal, classical approaches to design. They believed that the greatest beauty could be found in nature.
- #9 In general, sinuous, curving lines also characterize art nouveau, although right-angled forms are also typical, especially as the style was practiced in Scotland and in Austria.