This document provides an overview of a 2011 media survey conducted in Armenia. It summarizes the components of the study, which included a nationwide population survey, focus group discussions, and in-depth interviews. It then outlines findings related to traditional media such as television, radio, and newspapers. Key concerns identified include a lack of objectivity and independence from political and business interests. Opportunities discussed include providing more coverage of economic issues and unpaid social benefits. The document also begins to discuss alternative/online media and its growing role in Armenia.
The document provides an analysis of the TV advertising market in Vietnam as of March 2015. It finds that free TV channels hold 79% of the advertising revenue share, which grows at 25% annually. Specifically, southern channels have 52% of the share while national channels have 36%. The top 9 channels by revenue account for 50% of total spending. HTV7 and THVL1 are the top rated channels in Ho Chi Minh City and Hanoi respectively.
This document summarizes a presentation given in Hanoi, Vietnam on digital broadcasting and spectrum arrangement. It provides an overview of television broadcasting in Vietnam, including the benefits of digitization for broadcasters and telecommunications. Vietnam's digital television roadmap is outlined, which involves transitioning from analog to digital television between 2011-2020. The document also discusses Vietnam's plans for allocating spectrum for digital television services and freeing up the digital dividend spectrum between 694-790 MHz for other broadband services after 2020.
This document provides details about Feedhunter Rini, a hobbyist in the Netherlands who enjoys finding satellite TV feeds. It describes how his interest began when he was 16 by discovering shortwave radio transmissions. Over time, he upgraded his equipment from a small dish to a larger 90cm dish. Currently, he uses a 90x99cm dish to receive satellites across Europe and monitors feeds from his home using multiple receivers and a satellite card connected to his PC. His goal is to someday have a larger setup on open land to pursue his hobby of feedhunting.
Esta guía tiene como objetivo prevenir la violencia de género entre los jóvenes de Canarias. Se divide en tres secciones principales llamadas mp3, mp4 y sms, que pueden usarse de forma independiente o complementaria. La guía utiliza juegos de palabras relacionados con la tecnología para atraer la atención de los jóvenes y motivarlos a profundizar en el tema de la violencia de género y cómo prevenirla.
This short document promotes creating presentations using Haiku Deck on SlideShare. It encourages the reader to get started making their own Haiku Deck presentation by simply clicking the "GET STARTED" button provided. In just one sentence, it pitches presentation creation using Haiku Deck on SlideShare.
1. Los mercados europeos cerraron al alza impulsados por las noticias de un posible acuerdo sobre la deuda griega.
2. Los datos macroeconómicos de Alemania e Italia fueron negativos, mientras que Grecia logró refinanciar su deuda a menor costo.
3. Hoy se espera que los líderes políticos griegos aprueben un nuevo plan de ajuste para recibir más fondos de rescate de la UE y el FMI.
The document provides an analysis of the TV advertising market in Vietnam as of March 2015. It finds that free TV channels hold 79% of the advertising revenue share, which grows at 25% annually. Specifically, southern channels have 52% of the share while national channels have 36%. The top 9 channels by revenue account for 50% of total spending. HTV7 and THVL1 are the top rated channels in Ho Chi Minh City and Hanoi respectively.
This document summarizes a presentation given in Hanoi, Vietnam on digital broadcasting and spectrum arrangement. It provides an overview of television broadcasting in Vietnam, including the benefits of digitization for broadcasters and telecommunications. Vietnam's digital television roadmap is outlined, which involves transitioning from analog to digital television between 2011-2020. The document also discusses Vietnam's plans for allocating spectrum for digital television services and freeing up the digital dividend spectrum between 694-790 MHz for other broadband services after 2020.
This document provides details about Feedhunter Rini, a hobbyist in the Netherlands who enjoys finding satellite TV feeds. It describes how his interest began when he was 16 by discovering shortwave radio transmissions. Over time, he upgraded his equipment from a small dish to a larger 90cm dish. Currently, he uses a 90x99cm dish to receive satellites across Europe and monitors feeds from his home using multiple receivers and a satellite card connected to his PC. His goal is to someday have a larger setup on open land to pursue his hobby of feedhunting.
Esta guía tiene como objetivo prevenir la violencia de género entre los jóvenes de Canarias. Se divide en tres secciones principales llamadas mp3, mp4 y sms, que pueden usarse de forma independiente o complementaria. La guía utiliza juegos de palabras relacionados con la tecnología para atraer la atención de los jóvenes y motivarlos a profundizar en el tema de la violencia de género y cómo prevenirla.
This short document promotes creating presentations using Haiku Deck on SlideShare. It encourages the reader to get started making their own Haiku Deck presentation by simply clicking the "GET STARTED" button provided. In just one sentence, it pitches presentation creation using Haiku Deck on SlideShare.
1. Los mercados europeos cerraron al alza impulsados por las noticias de un posible acuerdo sobre la deuda griega.
2. Los datos macroeconómicos de Alemania e Italia fueron negativos, mientras que Grecia logró refinanciar su deuda a menor costo.
3. Hoy se espera que los líderes políticos griegos aprueben un nuevo plan de ajuste para recibir más fondos de rescate de la UE y el FMI.
Scientists have created a tiny battery powered by a virus that could be used to power miniature electronic devices for controlled drug delivery and lab-on-a-chip applications. A virus was utilized to create a battery that is small enough to power very small electronic devices used for medical purposes such as controlled drug delivery and lab tests on a microchip. This novel approach uses a virus in a way that could enable new miniaturized electronic medical technologies.
This document provides a product list for fire alarm solutions, including conventional fire alarm panels with 2-16 zones, addressable fire alarm panels, detectors, manual call points, bases, modules, audio-visual devices, accessories, and software. The conventional panels include models with metal or plastic enclosures and fixed or expandable zones. The addressable panel, IRIS, supports up to 4 loops with various expansion and programming options. A variety of detectors, call points, and modules are included to interface with the panels.
- The document provides information and requirements for obtaining a Spanish student visa for study abroad programs in Spain over 90 days, including when and where to apply, required documents, and jurisdiction of Spanish consulates in the US.
- Key requirements include applying 90-120 days in advance, having proof of acceptance, medical insurance, financial support, and following each consulate's specific guidelines as they vary and change.
- Contact information is provided for 11 Spanish consulates across the US, listing their jurisdictions by state to determine where to apply. Consulates require appointments, in-person applications, and complete documentation.
América Economía: Miss Venezuela, el gran ejemplo de una estrategia 360°Adriana Cisneros
El documento describe la evolución del concurso de belleza Miss Venezuela, liderado por la Organización Cisneros. Originalmente un concurso modesto, se profesionalizó en la década de 1980 bajo la dirección de Osmel Sousa y se convirtió en un exitoso espectáculo televisivo. En 2009, la Organización Cisneros reforzó el enfoque en la responsabilidad social de las misses y en 2013 lanzó un reality show y una estrategia de marketing multiformato para ampliar el alcance del concurso.
El documento presenta información sobre diferentes fuentes de financiamiento para empresas, incluyendo deuda (bonos, deuda bancaria) y capital (fondos de inversión de capital de riesgo, también conocidos como venture capital). Explica las diferencias entre deuda y capital, y analiza opciones de financiamiento para empresas privadas en sus distintas etapas de crecimiento.
Este documento presenta ofertas y productos de tecnología como computadoras portátiles, tabletas, netbooks, software y accesorios. Se destacan productos de marcas como HP, Acer, Asus y otros con sus especificaciones y precios. También incluye ofertas de financiamiento, actualizaciones de software, antivirus y otros paquetes de seguridad.
Aprende a bailar con tus clientes y conseguir más ventaseconred
¿Sabes adaptarte a distintos estilos de clientes?
¿Cómo presentas un producto a un cliente introvertido y racional?
¿Igual que al extrovertido emocional?
El Sistema Insights Discovery® aporta un lenguaje común (basado en colores) para aprender a adaptarte con facilidad a distintos tipos de personas.
Hay más de 20 millones de profesionales en todo el mundo que ya han trabajado con este modelo. Cada uno de nosotros se caracteriza por una combinación única de estos colores, y eso significa que cada persona percibe la realidad a su manera, tiene su propio modo de relacionarse con el entorno (introvertido o extrovertido) y tiene su propio sistema para hacer juicios de valor y tomar decisiones (orientación más racional o emocional).
Por tanto, nuestros “colores” afectan a la manera en que trabajamos y a la relación que establecemos con compañeros, clientes y proveedores. Hay personas que están cómodas trabajando solas y otras que necesitan hacerlo en equipo, hay quienes toman decisiones con rapidez y otros que requieren más tiempo, hay individuos más centrados en los detalles y que son minuciosos y otros que se centran más en la idea general.
El estrés tampoco afecta de igual modo a todos, cada persona tiene una manera de gestionar la presión. Nadie es mejor que nadie, sólo se trata de entender las diferencias individuales y saber adaptarse a los demás cuando se necesite.
Uno de los usos más habituales de Insights se produce en el mundo comercial.
En este webinar verás cómo el modelo Insights te ayudará a adaptarte a tus clientes y generar confianza y cercanía rápidamente.
¡¡¡¡Y conseguir ventas!!!!!
Este documento presenta trabajos realizados por estudiantes de primer año de educación secundaria obligatoria en el Instituto de Educación Secundaria THIAR en Pilar de la Horadada, Alicante, España. Los trabajos se centraron en la manipulación y modificación de imágenes como parte de su educación artística y visual, y fueron supervisados por su profesora Ana Ballester Jiménez.
Ac cd iniciación 1 unidad 1.6 - determinantes posesivosEmagister
Los pronombres y determinantes posesivos en chino se forman simplemente añadiendo "de" después del pronombre personal. Esto se aplica tanto a individuos como a familiares. El documento también presenta vocabulario sobre la familia, la ropa, los colores y verbos comunes en chino para practicar la formación de frases con posesivos.
Ask.fm es una aplicación social para hacer y responder preguntas en más de 40 idiomas. Los usuarios pueden ver las actividades y preguntas de sus amigos, añadir fotos y videos a sus respuestas, y conocer mejor a otras personas mediante preguntas. La aplicación también permite crear una cuenta nueva o acceder a una existente para participar en la red social de preguntas y respuestas.
Ficha repaso examen con soluciones y contenidosBenlider
El documento proporciona información sobre la declinación de sustantivos y adjetivos en latín, incluyendo las terminaciones para el nominativo, acusativo, genitivo y ablativo. También presenta ejemplos de conjugación de verbos en latín y vocabulario útil. Finalmente, ofrece detalles sobre los contenidos que se evaluarán en un examen de latín sobre declinaciones, conjugaciones, vocabulario y aspectos de la cultura romana.
Curso de SEO - Otimização de Sites para Buscadores - Senac SPGustavo Macedo
Curso de SEO ministrado no Senac SP
Capacitar o aluno a planejar e administrar um plano de SEO, por meio da ampliação da visibilidade do website nos mecanismos de busca, a fim de conquistar novos visitantes e potencializar relacionamentos e negócios. Propor situações ativas de aprendizagem que permitam ao aluno, através de cases reais, colocar-se no papel de um gestor de projetos de Search Engine Optimization (SEO) para que possa traçar estratégias e explorar oportunidades disponíveis nos buscadores que podem alavancar o sucesso de uma organização.
Mais informações do curso: goo.gl/FGgJK
Harness: PowerShell Weaponization Made Easy (or at least easier)RGKelley5
This document introduces a PowerShell weaponization tool called Harness that allows attackers to run PowerShell scripts remotely on target machines in an interactive manner. It addresses common challenges like seamlessly importing modules across the network. The tool was developed by Rich Kelley, a computer scientist and penetration tester, to be fully interactive like native PowerShell while only requiring .NET 4.0+. It is demonstrated running on various Windows versions communicating over Python/asyncio on Linux. Defense recommendations include restricting access to PowerShell and enabling monitoring.
Este documento presenta un curso de inglés para la vida diaria. El curso enseña frases útiles para pedir comida en restaurantes, construir vocabulario, ser un anfitrión en una fiesta, y enviar mensajes de texto en inglés. El objetivo es proporcionar consejos prácticos para usar el inglés en situaciones cotidianas.
El documento describe los servicios de diseño web y marketing online de la agencia Nova Click. Ofrece diseños modernos y elegantes de páginas web, actualizaciones constantes de contenido a través de un gestor de contenidos, y optimización para buscadores. También explica cómo los clientes pueden modificar fácilmente sus páginas web usando el gestor de contenidos sin necesidad de conocimientos técnicos.
El documento describe varios bienes de interés cultural localizados en Extremadura, en concreto en la comarca de las Vegas Altas del Guadiana. Entre ellos se encuentran monumentos históricos como iglesias, castillos y restos arqueológicos romanos localizados en diferentes localidades como Don Benito, Medellín o Mérida. También se mencionan museos, parques naturales y fiestas declaradas de interés turístico regional.
El documento describe un concurso público para la selección de una firma que realice un proyecto de renovación tecnológica para el Consejo Departamental de Lima del Colegio de Ingenieros del Perú. Se proporcionan detalles sobre la entidad, como su misión, visión y base legal. El objetivo del proyecto es responder a problemas de hardware y software para evitar la paralización de servicios. Se especifican los requisitos mínimos para los equipos de comunicaciones como switches de core, controladoras y fuentes de poder.
Este documento trata sobre domótica y bioclimatismo. Explica qué es la domótica y cómo ha evolucionado a través de los años, desde sistemas centralizados hasta sistemas distribuidos. También describe los componentes básicos de un sistema domótico como sensores, procesadores, actuadores y comunicaciones. Luego, analiza diferentes sistemas domóticos clasificándolos según su arquitectura de control, medio físico de comunicación y otros criterios. Por último, presenta diversas aplicaciones de la domótica en áreas como confort,
This document discusses the problem of plagiarism at universities in Armenia and identifies contributing factors and measures to address it. There is currently no standardized policy on plagiarism and universities do not have procedures for sanctioning it. Additionally, traditions discourage independent writing, such as low expectations for papers, ineffective supervision, and repetition of broad thesis topics year after year. To unravel this issue, measures are proposed like educating students on plagiarism, adopting formal plagiarism policies, making assignments more argumentative and specific, improving supervision, and addressing the root causes beginning in secondary school.
Scientists have created a tiny battery powered by a virus that could be used to power miniature electronic devices for controlled drug delivery and lab-on-a-chip applications. A virus was utilized to create a battery that is small enough to power very small electronic devices used for medical purposes such as controlled drug delivery and lab tests on a microchip. This novel approach uses a virus in a way that could enable new miniaturized electronic medical technologies.
This document provides a product list for fire alarm solutions, including conventional fire alarm panels with 2-16 zones, addressable fire alarm panels, detectors, manual call points, bases, modules, audio-visual devices, accessories, and software. The conventional panels include models with metal or plastic enclosures and fixed or expandable zones. The addressable panel, IRIS, supports up to 4 loops with various expansion and programming options. A variety of detectors, call points, and modules are included to interface with the panels.
- The document provides information and requirements for obtaining a Spanish student visa for study abroad programs in Spain over 90 days, including when and where to apply, required documents, and jurisdiction of Spanish consulates in the US.
- Key requirements include applying 90-120 days in advance, having proof of acceptance, medical insurance, financial support, and following each consulate's specific guidelines as they vary and change.
- Contact information is provided for 11 Spanish consulates across the US, listing their jurisdictions by state to determine where to apply. Consulates require appointments, in-person applications, and complete documentation.
América Economía: Miss Venezuela, el gran ejemplo de una estrategia 360°Adriana Cisneros
El documento describe la evolución del concurso de belleza Miss Venezuela, liderado por la Organización Cisneros. Originalmente un concurso modesto, se profesionalizó en la década de 1980 bajo la dirección de Osmel Sousa y se convirtió en un exitoso espectáculo televisivo. En 2009, la Organización Cisneros reforzó el enfoque en la responsabilidad social de las misses y en 2013 lanzó un reality show y una estrategia de marketing multiformato para ampliar el alcance del concurso.
El documento presenta información sobre diferentes fuentes de financiamiento para empresas, incluyendo deuda (bonos, deuda bancaria) y capital (fondos de inversión de capital de riesgo, también conocidos como venture capital). Explica las diferencias entre deuda y capital, y analiza opciones de financiamiento para empresas privadas en sus distintas etapas de crecimiento.
Este documento presenta ofertas y productos de tecnología como computadoras portátiles, tabletas, netbooks, software y accesorios. Se destacan productos de marcas como HP, Acer, Asus y otros con sus especificaciones y precios. También incluye ofertas de financiamiento, actualizaciones de software, antivirus y otros paquetes de seguridad.
Aprende a bailar con tus clientes y conseguir más ventaseconred
¿Sabes adaptarte a distintos estilos de clientes?
¿Cómo presentas un producto a un cliente introvertido y racional?
¿Igual que al extrovertido emocional?
El Sistema Insights Discovery® aporta un lenguaje común (basado en colores) para aprender a adaptarte con facilidad a distintos tipos de personas.
Hay más de 20 millones de profesionales en todo el mundo que ya han trabajado con este modelo. Cada uno de nosotros se caracteriza por una combinación única de estos colores, y eso significa que cada persona percibe la realidad a su manera, tiene su propio modo de relacionarse con el entorno (introvertido o extrovertido) y tiene su propio sistema para hacer juicios de valor y tomar decisiones (orientación más racional o emocional).
Por tanto, nuestros “colores” afectan a la manera en que trabajamos y a la relación que establecemos con compañeros, clientes y proveedores. Hay personas que están cómodas trabajando solas y otras que necesitan hacerlo en equipo, hay quienes toman decisiones con rapidez y otros que requieren más tiempo, hay individuos más centrados en los detalles y que son minuciosos y otros que se centran más en la idea general.
El estrés tampoco afecta de igual modo a todos, cada persona tiene una manera de gestionar la presión. Nadie es mejor que nadie, sólo se trata de entender las diferencias individuales y saber adaptarse a los demás cuando se necesite.
Uno de los usos más habituales de Insights se produce en el mundo comercial.
En este webinar verás cómo el modelo Insights te ayudará a adaptarte a tus clientes y generar confianza y cercanía rápidamente.
¡¡¡¡Y conseguir ventas!!!!!
Este documento presenta trabajos realizados por estudiantes de primer año de educación secundaria obligatoria en el Instituto de Educación Secundaria THIAR en Pilar de la Horadada, Alicante, España. Los trabajos se centraron en la manipulación y modificación de imágenes como parte de su educación artística y visual, y fueron supervisados por su profesora Ana Ballester Jiménez.
Ac cd iniciación 1 unidad 1.6 - determinantes posesivosEmagister
Los pronombres y determinantes posesivos en chino se forman simplemente añadiendo "de" después del pronombre personal. Esto se aplica tanto a individuos como a familiares. El documento también presenta vocabulario sobre la familia, la ropa, los colores y verbos comunes en chino para practicar la formación de frases con posesivos.
Ask.fm es una aplicación social para hacer y responder preguntas en más de 40 idiomas. Los usuarios pueden ver las actividades y preguntas de sus amigos, añadir fotos y videos a sus respuestas, y conocer mejor a otras personas mediante preguntas. La aplicación también permite crear una cuenta nueva o acceder a una existente para participar en la red social de preguntas y respuestas.
Ficha repaso examen con soluciones y contenidosBenlider
El documento proporciona información sobre la declinación de sustantivos y adjetivos en latín, incluyendo las terminaciones para el nominativo, acusativo, genitivo y ablativo. También presenta ejemplos de conjugación de verbos en latín y vocabulario útil. Finalmente, ofrece detalles sobre los contenidos que se evaluarán en un examen de latín sobre declinaciones, conjugaciones, vocabulario y aspectos de la cultura romana.
Curso de SEO - Otimização de Sites para Buscadores - Senac SPGustavo Macedo
Curso de SEO ministrado no Senac SP
Capacitar o aluno a planejar e administrar um plano de SEO, por meio da ampliação da visibilidade do website nos mecanismos de busca, a fim de conquistar novos visitantes e potencializar relacionamentos e negócios. Propor situações ativas de aprendizagem que permitam ao aluno, através de cases reais, colocar-se no papel de um gestor de projetos de Search Engine Optimization (SEO) para que possa traçar estratégias e explorar oportunidades disponíveis nos buscadores que podem alavancar o sucesso de uma organização.
Mais informações do curso: goo.gl/FGgJK
Harness: PowerShell Weaponization Made Easy (or at least easier)RGKelley5
This document introduces a PowerShell weaponization tool called Harness that allows attackers to run PowerShell scripts remotely on target machines in an interactive manner. It addresses common challenges like seamlessly importing modules across the network. The tool was developed by Rich Kelley, a computer scientist and penetration tester, to be fully interactive like native PowerShell while only requiring .NET 4.0+. It is demonstrated running on various Windows versions communicating over Python/asyncio on Linux. Defense recommendations include restricting access to PowerShell and enabling monitoring.
Este documento presenta un curso de inglés para la vida diaria. El curso enseña frases útiles para pedir comida en restaurantes, construir vocabulario, ser un anfitrión en una fiesta, y enviar mensajes de texto en inglés. El objetivo es proporcionar consejos prácticos para usar el inglés en situaciones cotidianas.
El documento describe los servicios de diseño web y marketing online de la agencia Nova Click. Ofrece diseños modernos y elegantes de páginas web, actualizaciones constantes de contenido a través de un gestor de contenidos, y optimización para buscadores. También explica cómo los clientes pueden modificar fácilmente sus páginas web usando el gestor de contenidos sin necesidad de conocimientos técnicos.
El documento describe varios bienes de interés cultural localizados en Extremadura, en concreto en la comarca de las Vegas Altas del Guadiana. Entre ellos se encuentran monumentos históricos como iglesias, castillos y restos arqueológicos romanos localizados en diferentes localidades como Don Benito, Medellín o Mérida. También se mencionan museos, parques naturales y fiestas declaradas de interés turístico regional.
El documento describe un concurso público para la selección de una firma que realice un proyecto de renovación tecnológica para el Consejo Departamental de Lima del Colegio de Ingenieros del Perú. Se proporcionan detalles sobre la entidad, como su misión, visión y base legal. El objetivo del proyecto es responder a problemas de hardware y software para evitar la paralización de servicios. Se especifican los requisitos mínimos para los equipos de comunicaciones como switches de core, controladoras y fuentes de poder.
Este documento trata sobre domótica y bioclimatismo. Explica qué es la domótica y cómo ha evolucionado a través de los años, desde sistemas centralizados hasta sistemas distribuidos. También describe los componentes básicos de un sistema domótico como sensores, procesadores, actuadores y comunicaciones. Luego, analiza diferentes sistemas domóticos clasificándolos según su arquitectura de control, medio físico de comunicación y otros criterios. Por último, presenta diversas aplicaciones de la domótica en áreas como confort,
This document discusses the problem of plagiarism at universities in Armenia and identifies contributing factors and measures to address it. There is currently no standardized policy on plagiarism and universities do not have procedures for sanctioning it. Additionally, traditions discourage independent writing, such as low expectations for papers, ineffective supervision, and repetition of broad thesis topics year after year. To unravel this issue, measures are proposed like educating students on plagiarism, adopting formal plagiarism policies, making assignments more argumentative and specific, improving supervision, and addressing the root causes beginning in secondary school.
Data on public perceptions regarding Armenia-Turkey relations, 2010Isabella Sargsyan
Please watch below Power point presentation on public perceptions regarding Armenia-Turkey relations. Presented data is based on findings of Caucasus Barometer 2010 conducted by CRRC in Armenia as well as Foreign Policy Perceptions in Turkey 2010 research done by TESEV
Caucasus Barometer: Public Perceptions on Political, Social and Economic issu...Isabella Sargsyan
The document summarizes some key findings from the 2010 Caucasus Barometer survey data on public perceptions of political, social, economic, and technological issues in Armenia, Georgia, and Azerbaijan. The survey used a multi-stage cluster sampling methodology to interview almost 2,000 people in each country on topics like trust in government and other institutions, views on external relations, social and gender issues, employment, and access to technology. The full data is available online for open access and analysis.
NGO Sustainability and Community Development Mechanisms in Armenia.Isabella Sargsyan
The document summarizes research on sustainability mechanisms for NGOs and community development in Armenia. It evaluates programs run by the Eurasia Partnership Foundation aimed at strengthening organizational capacities of NGOs and community organizations. The research found that while some NGOs had improved governance and strategic planning, most lacked sustainable funding sources beyond grants. NGOs recognized the need to improve financial sustainability through social enterprises, fundraising, and diversifying funding but faced challenges with skills and supportive legislation. Leadership quality significantly impacted sustainability, but skills were not consistently institutionalized. Overall, capacity building was needed for NGOs to provide effective community services and develop partnerships critical for long-term sustainability.
In summer 2008, CRRC teams in Armenia and Azerbaijan held focus groups in Armenia and Azerbaijan, respectively, and produced a report on public attitudes toward and trust in the media, especially, regarding Armenia-Azerbaijan relations. This is the presentation conducted in Yerevan, Armenia.
The document provides a summary of Eurasia Partnership Foundation's (EPF) work in Armenia from 1992 to 2009. It discusses EPF's establishment, key programs and initiatives over the years in areas such as small business support, regional media, anti-corruption efforts, youth programs, and work on Armenia-Turkey and Armenia-Azerbaijan relations. It also outlines EPF's strategy, funding sources, and core values like building trust across borders and promoting freedom of expression.
The survey found that 22% of alumni from Armenia's elite schools had migrated. The majority of migrants were in Russia (50%) and the US (30%). Migrants were generally well-integrated in their host countries, while non-migrants in Armenia were less satisfied with their economic situations and earnings. Over half of non-migrants had considered migrating, and over half would migrate if given the opportunity. Both migrants and non-migrants were skeptical about social and economic conditions in Armenia. The government of Armenia should implement reforms to attract educated elites to return and change negative perceptions of developments in the country.
The Caucasus Research Resource Centers program (CRRC) is a network of resource, research and training centers established in the capital cities of Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia with the goal of strengthening social science research and public policy analysis in the South Caucasus.
A partnership between the Carnegie Corporation of New York and the Eurasia Partnership Foundation (EPF), the program’s outcomes are to increase the accessibility of high-quality research resources, to strengthen capacity and, to increase the dialogue and collaboration between social science researchers and policy practitioners.
Since December 2008 Eurasia Partnership Foundation is implementing “Institutionalizing Freedom of Expression in Armenia as a right enjoyed by the general public and upheld by the State” project. The project is funded by British Embassy in Yerevan and USAID.
As a part of the project a qualitative sociological research on perceptions of Armenian society towards Freedom of Expression (FoE) and Censorship has been carried out in Yerevan and three regions of Armenia, through focus group and in-depth interviews. In particular the research:
• Finds out the perception of the society on FoE, the reasons and ways of restriction/self-restriction of expression, desirable areas and boundaries of FoE.
• Presents the state of censorship/self- censorship and obstacles of FoE in different areas (NGOs, Mass Media, arts, sciences, etc.).
• Presents suggestions for improving the state of FoE in Armenia targeted to different social institutions.
Findings and suggestions reflected in the research are applicable for wide spectrum of professionals, representatives of the government, local and international public and private organizations.
Since December 2008 Eurasia Partnership Foundation is implementing “Institutionalizing Freedom of Expression in Armenia as a right enjoyed by the general public and upheld by the State” project. The project is funded by British Embassy in Yerevan and USAID. For more information about the project please visit our web site: http://www.epfound.am/index.php?article_id=240&clang=0
As a part of the project a qualitative sociological research on perceptions of Armenian society towards Freedom of Expression (FoE) and Censorship has been carried out in Yerevan and three regions of Armenia, through focus group and in-depth interviews. In particular the research:
• Finds out the perception of the society on FoE, the reasons and ways of restriction/self-restriction of expression, desirable areas and boundaries of FoE.
• Presents the state of censorship/self- censorship and obstacles of FoE in different areas (NGOs, Mass Media, arts, sciences, etc.).
• Presents suggestions for improving the state of FoE in Armenia targeted to different social institutions.
Findings and suggestions reflected in the research are applicable for wide spectrum of professionals, representatives of the government, local and international public and private organizations.
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Armenia 2011 Media Public Opinion and Preference Survey
1. Armenia 2011 Media Public Opinion
and Preference Survey
Alternative Resources in Media Project
(implemented by a consortium of Internews, YPC,
EPF)
Caucasus Research Resource Centers - ARMENIA
A Program of the Eurasia Partnership Foundation
crrc@crrc.am
July , 2011
2. Study Components
• A nation-wide survey of general population (sample size 1,420, all
Marzes; January-February 2011)
• 8 focus group discussions among specific segments of the
population how are the main media and internet customers
(bloggers-1, soap opera viewers-2, Internet user students-1, advertisers-1,
entertainment program viewers-2, news viewers-1; March, 2011)
• 33 in-depth interviews with representatives of media industry
(journalists, heads of news agencies, media owners, heads of media NGOs,
public servants; April-May, 2011)
• Comparative analysis of media monitoring survey conducted by
Yerevan Press Club(hereafter YPC) (7 TV channels, 2 newspapers, 3
online publications; conducted by YPC in February 1-March 15)
3. Implementing team
• Gayane Mamikonyan – Study design and coordination,
questionnaire, guide developer, draft analytical report writer;
• Gayane Ghukasyan – sampling/data archiving expert;
• Ruben Yeganyan – questionnaire adviser and fieldwork manager
• CRRC-Armenia all staff including Jenny Paturyan (Program
Manager) and Monika Shahmenendyan (Program Assistant)
• Arpine Porsughyan – PPT file developer
• 60 Supervisors, interviewers, moderators
CRRC-Armenia team acknowledges generous advice by Maria
Aslamazyan, EPF and YPC staff, as well as CRRC-Regional staff
4. Outline
1. Traditional Media
– General Overview (TV, Radio, Newspapers)
– Concerns
– Opportunities
2. Alternative/online Media
– General overview (Internet usage, Social networks, Online
publications)
– Concerns
– A look forward
6. Household working appliance ownership (%) (QF6)
TV set 97
Mobile phone 89
Videotape recorder/DVD player 64
Computer 32
Satellite TV antenna/Cable TV 27
Internet connection 26
Radio 20
Radio in the car 16
All 2
None 0.2
F6. Which of the appliances do you have that work properly?
7. During the last 12 months, have you watched TV or listened
to radio? ( %)
76
23
1
Watched only TV Watched TV and listened to radio Didn't watch TV or listen to the
radio
8. What is the average time you spend watching TV?
(QB2) (%) N=1391
12 hours and more 9
9-12 hours 11
7-9 hours 13
5-7 hours 23
3-5 hours 25
1-3 hours 15
Less than 1 hour 2
9. Which TV channels are available for you, and how frequently
do you watch them (option: every day)? (QB4) (%)
Access Frequency of watching
H1 77 98
H2 47 92
Armenia TV 68 90
Shant TV 65 87
RTR Planeta 37 84
Russian 1st/ORT 38 75
ALM 24 73
Yerkir Media 15 59
Shoghakat TV 7 52
Ararat 11 51
Ar TV 10 49
Kentron TV 8 49
TV5 9 49
ATV 12 49
Hay TV 7 48
Hayrenik TV 7 48
Kultura 14 48
Yerevan TV 6 47
Dar 21 11 45
Local TV 11 20
10. What is the most important source of information about
current events and news for you? (QA1) (%)
TV 90
Internet 7
Radio 2
Newspaper 1
Neighbors, friends and relatives 1
11. How often do you use these sources to get information
about current events and news? (QA2)(%)
Every day Several times a week Once a week Once or twice per month Never
Armenian TV Channels 87 8 3
Russian TV Channels 51 18 8 7 16
Neighbours, friends, relatives 26 26 11 11 27
Social networking sites 11 5 23 79
Radio 11 6 3 3 78
International TV channels (BBC, CNN, Euronews) 10 6 4 6 75
Online publications 9 3 23 84
Newspapers/weekly newspapers 5 7 11 10 66
12. Please assess your level of trust toward each of those sources (%) (QA6)
Trust very much Somewhat trust Don't trust Don't trust at all Dk&RA
Local TV channels(n=864) 10 42 25 14 10
Neighbours, friends, relativ
9 45 25 13 9
es(n=1294)
National TV
8 46 30 13 2
channels(n=1406)
Online publications (n=903) 7 26 12 7 48
Social networking
5 25 13 9 47
sites(n=918)
Local newspapers(n=687) 5 30 22 13 30
National radio
5 32 21 11 31
stations(n=889)
Local radio stations(n=514) 5 28 20 13 35
National newspapers
5 32 26 13 24
(n=1050)
13. What kind of TV programs mentioned below do you
watch on TV? (QB7)(% for each, 3 possible answers)
News with commentary 45
Films 42
Music 40
Soap operas 37
News without commentary 25
Sports 22
Informative programs (culture, health, educational, etc.) 19
Entertainment programs (games, quizzes) 17
Political debates 14
Talk shows 7
Analysis of current political events 6
Interactive programs (receiving calls form TV viewers) 4
Other 3
Religious programs 2
14. What do you like to listen to most on the radio?
Why don’t you read newspapers/hard copy newspapers?
(QB10)(% of cases)
(%)
Getting news from other sources 30
Don't have time to read newspapers 26
77
Don't have enough money to buy newspapers 14
Newspapers are not sold in the settlement 9
53
Don't trust information in newspapers 8
Sight problems 5
Don't like to read newspapers 3
Not interested in reading newspapers 3
Sickness/ old age 11
2
6
Illiterate 1 3
Other 1
Music News Interviews Quiz Other
15. Do you read newspapers? By education (QD1)(%)
Yes
53
34
30
9
Primary/No Complete Complete/incomplete Total
primary/Incomplete secondary/technical higher/PHD
secondary
16. In which form do you usually read newspapers?
(QD2) (% of the readers)
76
16
7
Only online Only hard copy Both online and hard copies
17. Monitoring data for print media publications
(YPC media monitoring of newspapers Aravot & Golos Armenii,
February 1- March 15, 2011)
Top five thematic topics measured by number (in units)
of units in newspapers
1. Sport 322
2. Activities of the Armenian government 284
3. Activities of the Armenian political parties
262
4. Resolution of the Karabakh conflict 242
5. World news 212
18. What media experts have to say about newspapers:
“There are no readers, no money, no reporters, dependency on
a certain person and if we add up all of these similar things at
the end who are we publishing these newspapers for?” (Head
of a news agency, Yerevan)
“… this [print media] is a goner, and that [Internet] is a
newcomer. Print media …has also become a bit negligent itself.
That is the reason it tries to get a hold of some front-pagers to
make itself more attractive.” (Media professional/academic,
Yerevan)
“People do not have money, one person buys [a newspaper],
then everyone else in the building take turns to read it, or tell
each other without the others reading. Those who can read
well will read and then start retelling to the rest.” (Head of a
media NGO, Yerevan)
20. How much do you agree that media covers news and
events objectively? (QA4) (%, excluded DK/RA) N=1420
Strongly agree Agree Disagree Strongly disagree
Online publications 13 41 29 16
TV 8 39 35 18
Newspapers 7 37 36 21
Radio 7 38 34 21
21. In your opinion, what may be the main reason for non-
objective coverage? N=728 (QA5) (%)
Political affiliation 63
Censorship 8
Business affiliation 6
Financial limitations 3
Low professionalism of journalists 2
Self-censorship 1
DK 11
RF 1
22. According to you, how much independence do the media have from
government and business control in Armenia? (QA7) (%)
A lot Some Not much Not at all
Social networking sites
21 43 20 17
(n=947)
Online publications
17 46 19 18
(n=960)
Local radio stations
9 31 27 32
(n=1236)
Local TV channels
8 33 31 28
(n=1271)
Local newspapers
8 32 30 30
(n=1204)
National radio stations
7 34 30 29
(n=1158)
National TV channels
6 33 31 29
(n=1299)
National newspapers
6 35 31 28
(n=1182)
23. Please assess the influence of the owners of media on
the content of broadcasting or publication (QA8) (%)
46
42
9
4
Does not influence at all Hardly influences Influences somewhat Influences very much
24. According to the participants of the focus groups (FG):
“…each TV company is implementing someone's viewpoint or has a certain
direction. There is no way we can have the free, fair, light discussions you are
talking about. Every discussion is someone’s viewpoint and people participating in
the discussion are those who have the same view.” (Female, 55, employed, Yerevan)
“I have an impression that they have created some kind of a vacuum; citizens
watch a stupid comedy program, then watch official news, then again
stupidity, then again official news. A third point of view is completely absent.”
(Male, 27, employed, Yerevan)
“It is interesting that when I watch our Armenian TV channels, it seems to me that
the virtual life is there, and the real life is in the Internet… And the reality which is
represented seems to have no connection with our life.” (Female, 54, self-
employed, Yerevan)
“I get the impression that whatever Armenian channel I watch is purely a state
channel; no independent channels exist.” (Male, 33, employed, Yerevan)
25. According to the media professionals interviewed:
“Freedom requires money.” (Blogger, Yerevan)
“You can see for yourself who they [free media] are. You should
know that those who are in the most difficult situation today are
the free ones.” (Head of a news agency, Yerevan)
“Each media is like its owner.” (Head of an NGO, Regional NGO)
“Never will the President of the country call the editor or the head
of the news agency, and tell what to do… It is done through using
indirect leverages, and certain environment of constraint, fear
for the future of the media outlet, the journalist…” (Head of a TV
station, Regional NGO)
27. Monitoring data for information/news and analysis programs
(YPC media monitoring of 7 TV channels, February 1 – March 15, 2011)
Top five thematic topics measured by (in units) Proportions, %
number of units in TV programs
1. World news
3532 100.0
2. Activities of the Armenian government 2072 58.7
3. Sport 1986 56.2
4. Resolution of the Karabakh conflict 1622 45.9
5. Disaster, emergency news 1397 39.6
Monitoring data for social-political, discussion programs
(YPC media monitoring of 7 TV channels, February 1 – March 15, 2011)
Top five thematic topics measured by (in units)
number of hits/units in TV programs
1. Activities of the Armenian government 126
2. Resolution of the Karabakh conflict 105
3. Activities of the Armenian political parties 95
4. Regional developments
64
5. Increase in prices (on goods and services), low
salaries, pensions and social benefits in
Armenia 63
28. Mean,
Top five topics respondents would like to receive more 1-10 point
information about from the media scale
Increase in prices (on goods and services), low salaries, 8.85
pensions and social benefits in Armenia
Healthcare issues (quality of medical services, drug and 8.84
medical service costs), corruption in the healthcare system
8.78
Unemployment in Armenia
8.77
Situation in the Armenian army
Issue of recognition of the Armenian genocide of 1915 in the 8.77
world
29. According to the FG participants:
“ Entertainment programs for Armenia should be only
educational ones that promote knowledge…” (Female, 20,
self-employed, Yerevan)
“For adults I would have clips from foreign channels on
science, animals and humor which are informative.” (Male,
24, employed, Yerevan)
“Village life is more isolated now, but villagers know many
interesting stories.” (unemployed, Yerevan)
“Who wouldn’t watch “Vardanank”* etc.? Of course they
would. They can make it as a soap opera...” (Female, 64,
employed, Yerevan)
*Historical novel by Derenik Demirchian
31. Personal computer adoption in Armenia (%), Caucasus
Barometer
2007 2008 2009 2010
11 10 15 27
Home internet adoption in Armenia (%), Caucasus
Barometer
2007 2008 2009 2010
4 5 6 19
32. Have you used the Internet in the last 12 months?
(QE1) (%)
Yes No Don't know what Internet is
4 2
28
41
57
63
69
81
90
70
59
42
36
30
18
5
16-20 21-25 26-30 31-45 46-60 60+ Total
33. Have you used the Internet in the last 12 months? (QE1) (%, by settlement type)
Yes No Don't know what Internet is
Yerevan (504) 43 57 0
Other urban (443) 33 66 1
Rural (473) 13 83 4
34. Internet access primary device
(QE4) (% of all Internet users, multiple response)
73
18
11
Computer Mobile phone Both
35. Internet access primary device (QE4) (% of all Internet
users by settelment type, multiple response)
Computer Mobile phone Both
77
74
62
33
21
17
11 10
4
Yerevan (219) Other urban (150) Rural (63)
36. In which of the following places do you use the Internet
most frequently? N=422 (QE2) (% of the users)
At home 64
At workplace 15
Anywhere from mobile phone 13
Other 5
At Internet café 3
At university/school 1
37. What is the main reason that you do not use the
Internet?
N=977 (QE37) (% of non-users)
Limited or no access to a computer/mobile
34
phone
Age reasons/seniors 21
No interest 11
No need/not useful 9
Not enough time 8
Internet or computer too difficult to use 8
High prices for the Internet 7
Other 2
38. How many hours on average daily do you spend using
the Internet? (QE6) (mean by age group)
5.5
3.8
3.0
2.7 2.8 2.7
2.1
16-20 21-25 26-30 31-45 46-60 60+ Total
39. According to one of the focus group participants:
“I can say that the Internet has become an
inseparable part of my life, a very important
part, like food or clothing.”
(Female, 26, student, Yerevan)
40. When you access the Internet, which of the following
below do you usually do?
N=403, (QE7) (% of cases)
Visit social networks… 65
Use searching engines (Google/Yahoo) 48
Use instant messenger (Skype/ICQ/MSN/etc.) 39
Read online news 36
Watching videos (YouTube/Vimeo) 32
Send/receive emails 30
Use Internet for working purposes 25
Play games 24
Download music or other applications 17
Write in a private blog/read other private blogs 6
Other 3
41. Which of the social networking sites do you use the most?
(QE19) N=249 (%, among social-networking site users)
80
15
2 3
Odnoklassniki Facebook Moy Mir Other
42. What activities do you do in social networking sites?
(QE21) (% of all answers; N=894 - of social networking
site users)
Communicate with friends 88
Messaging 36
Keep in touch with friends from school/university 35
Get information 34
Play games 28
Post photos, videos, music 25
Meet new people and be entertained 25
Share information 18
Satisfy freedom of expression and desire for… 6
Take quizzes 3
Other 1
43. E23. Do you use social networking sites to share political
or social news?
N=300, (QE23, % users)
83
8 9
0
Yes, both Only political Only social No
44. Do you watch, upload or share videos on the Internet?
(QE29) (% of cases, multiple answers)
64
31
7
3
No Watch videos Upload videos Share videos
45. What kind of videos do you watch on these sites?
N=342, (QE31; % of cases)
Music 79
Fun videos 53
Films 52
Sports 16
News programs 12
Political content videos 9
Social content videos 5
Other 4
46. Have you ever made a political or social comment and
posted online (for example, in news
sites, blogs, YouTube, etc.)?
N=422, (QE32; % of users)
Yes No
96
4
Yes No
47. Do you read or write blogs?
N=421 (QE27; % of users)
66
25
7
3
0.2
Read blogs Write blogs Both read and Don't use blogs Don't know what
write blogs blog is
48. According to the FG participants:
“They [blogs] have become an additional source of information. But
we are talking about a small number of blogs, because most of the
blogs remain personal and their existence is not important for
Armenia.” (Male, 37, blogger, Yerevan)
“I think there are not many bloggers in Armenia that always update
their blogs. Those who do all know each other very well. They are like
one family.” (Female, 19, student, Yerevan)
“There is no legal framework that regulates the accuracy
of information on the blogs. You can’t sue any blogger if he writes
something inaccurate.” (Female, 41, blogger, Yerevan)
“Personally for me a blog is trustworthy if the blogger is trustworthy.
There are some blogs that I don’t know who is standing behind it, and
when the blogger uncovers his/her face, he/she becomes more
trustworthy for me, or at least I understand why he/she writes.”
(Male, 37, blogger, Yerevan)
49. In general, how concerned are you about your data and
privacy on the Internet?
N=422 (QE36; %)
35
25
19 21
Not at all concerned Somewhat concerned Concerned Very concerned
50. According to the FG participants:
“Today the HR goes online to see what that person writes on
Facebook or in blogs.” (Male, 37, blogger, Yerevan)
“…I have started to lock more of my stuff or make them
invisible. I used to write very openly about myself, but recently
over the last three to four years I have become more careful. I
have noticed the same tendency among my friends.”
(Female, 27, blogger, Yerevan)
“I do not oppose different groups who monitor and understand
what society needs are. Does that society need foreign language
in schools or not? Should the border with Turkey be open or not?
I think it is a bit absurd to control.”
(Female, 22, blogger, Yerevan)
51. Comparing with traditional newspapers, what is the best
advantage of online publications?
N=175 (QE12; %)
Timesaving 26
Available diversity of sources 26
Convenient to access 23
Free of charge 15
Other 9
Environmentally friendly 1
52. Monitoring data for online publications
(YPC media monitoring, 3 online publications - 1in.am, Lragir.am,
Panorama.am; February 1 – March 15, 2011)
Top five thematic topics measured (in units) Proportions
by number of hits/units in online
publications
1. Regional developments (in Iran, in
Turkey out of the context of
Armenian-Turkish relations, in
1342 100.0
Azerbaijan out of the Karabach
conflict context, in Georgia, and
Russia in South Caucasus)
2. World news 1199 89.3
3. Activities of the Armenian political
88.2
parties 1184
4. Activities of the Armenian
71.1
government 954
5. Resolution of the Karabagh conflict
768 57.2
53. What topics do you prefer to read in online publications
/ newspapers (1in.am, Lragir.am, Panorama.am )?
(QE13; N=175; % for the most read topic)
Politics 29
Society 11
Fashion 10
Sport 10
Art/Culture 10
Economics/Business news 9
Science/Technology 8
Celebrity news 5
Job announcements 4
54. According to the FG participants and media experts:
“Go online and there are newspapers. You can find everything
there. It is done in a way that a person can decide for himself
what s/he needs. This is not like in “Lraber” where they
constantly inject, inject, inject news.”
(Male, 22, employed, Yerevan)
“I think the best part about receiving information on social
networks is that you are working and have your Facebook
open, and suddenly see that someone has shared some news.
Then you hear about that news only in the evening news on
TV.” (Female, 26, student, Yerevan)
“Compared to television, this sphere [online media] is growing
fast, especially it is a lot easier to create websites and work.
Besides the polarized ones, there are indeed websites that try
to deliver impartial news. There is competition and maybe
they are the future.”(NGO leader, Yerevan)