this is Antiarrhythmic drugs.definition,causes,and classification

1. E.SIVANESH.PM
ANTIARRHYTHMIC
DRUGS
BY

2. DEFINITION:
These are drug used to prevent Or treat
irregularities of cardiac rhythm.

3. Causes of arrhythmias
➢Cardiac ischemia
➢Excessive discharge or sensitivity to
autonomic transmitters
➢Exposure to toxic substances
➢Unknown etiology

4. Normal heartbeat and atrial arrhythmia
Normal rhythm Atrial arrhythmia

5. ECG (EKG) showing wave segments
Contraction of
atria
Repolarization of
ventricles

6. ANTI ARRHYTHMIC DRUGS
CLASSFICATION
1. Class 1= Na CHANNEL BLOCKERS
2. Class 2 =BETA RECEPTOR BLOCKERS
3. Class 3 = K CHANNEL BLOCKERS
4. Class 4 = CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS

9. Beta-blockers can be selective or non-selective.
Selective beta-blockers mostly affect the heart, while
non-selective ones affect other parts of the body.
✓Proranolol
✓Sotalol
✓Esmolol
✓Bisoprolol
✓Nadolol

11. Therapeutic Uses
• Na+
channel blockade
• β-adrenergic receptor blockade
• Prolong repolarization
• Ca2+
channel blockade
• Adenosine
• Digitalis glycosides

12. SIDE EFFECTS
• Nausea, weakness, dizziness.
• Slow heartbeat.
• Weight gain
• Diarrhoea
• Back or joint pain.

13. Beta-blockers are used to treat the
following :
• Angina, chest pain
• Heart failure
• Hypertension
• Atrial fibrillation
• Myocardial infarction