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Antiagregación en los pacientes con
cardiopatía isquémica
Héctor Bueno
Profesor Asociado
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Coordinador Cardiología Clínica / UCIC
Servicio de Cardiología
Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón
Madrid
Becas de investigación:
AstraZeneca (EPICOR)
Asesoría / pagos por conferencias:
AstraZeneca, Bayer, BMS, Daiichi Sankyo, Eli Lilly,
Menarini, Novartis, Pfizer, Sanofi, Servier
Héctor Bueno
Conflictos de interés
Bueno H. ACS: General concepts. In: Bueno H, ed. ACCA Clinical Decision-Making Toolkit
NSTEACS (2011)
STEMI (2012)
Duración de la DAP de acuerdo a las GPC - ESC
Myocardial revascularization (2014)
Duración de la DAP tras SCA / stent coronario
60
0 6 12 18 24
Time since PCI, Months
50
CumulativeIncidence,%
40
30
20
10
30 Days
(2.9%)
One Year
(23.3%)
Two Years
(57.3%)
Incidence rates calculated over entire study population. Patients censored at last known contact, death or study end.
Duración de la DAP en la vida real
Estudio PARIS (stent coronario)
Mehran R. Lancet 2013; 382:1714-22.
Duración de la DAP en la vida real
Estudio PARIS (stent coronario)
MI 64.4% 10.0% 3.9% 21.7%
1.00 (Ref)
0.63 (0.46, 0.86)
1.41 (0.94, 2.12)
1.50 (1.14, 1.97)
On-DAPT
Discontinuation
Interruption
Disruption
0.004
0.101
0.004
413
52
26
67
7.04 (3.31, 14.95)0-7 Days <0.001 7
2.17 (0.97, 4.88)8-30 days 0.06 6
1.30 (0.97, 1.76)31+ days 0.083 54
HR (95% CI) P Events (n)
0.25 0.5 1 2 4 8 16
Hazard Ratio
*Cardiac Death, Def/Prob ST, Spontaneous MI, Clinically Driven TLR.
All Cox Models adjusted for age, gender, region, ACS presentation, type of stent, number of stents implanted.
Riesgo de la interrupción de DAP - vida real
Estudio PARIS (stent coronario)
Completed
Ongoing
Modified from Capodanno D, Angiolillo DJ. Circulation 2013;128:2785-98.
3 months
6 months
24/36
months
EXCELLENT
DAPT
ITALIC
ISAR SAFE
12
months
48
months
30
months
ARCTIC
EC aleatorizados comparando distintas duraciones de
DAP en pacientes tratados con stents coronarios
Ensayos de duración de DAP tras stent coronario
PRODIGY (6 vs 24)
OPTIMIZE (3 vs 12)
ARTIC INTERRUPTION (12 vs 24) ISAR SAFE (6 vs 12)
Mauri L. N Engl J Med 2014;371:2155-66.
N = 9961 patients
Ensayos de duración de DAP tras stent coronario
DAPT (12 vs 30 meses clopi/prasu)
Elmariah, Lancet 2015
Metaanálisis Relación DAP prolongada y mortalidad
8000
6000
4000
2000
0
0 2 1210864 1614 222018
Numberofpatients
Months since discharge
DAPT Aspirin only Other antiplatelet only DiedNone Lost to FU
Bueno H et al. AHA 2014
Duración de la DAP en la vida real
Estudio EPICOR (SCA)
CI, confidence interval
0.2 0.5
Hazard ratio vs remaining on DAPT (95% CI)
1 2 4 6
Analysis period
NONFATAL EVENTS
Coronary
During all time after change
< 7 days after change
7–30 days after change
>30 days after change
All cardiovascular
During all time after change
< 7 days after change
7–30 days after change
>30 days after change
FATAL EVENTS
Coronary
During all time after change
< 7 days after change
7–30 days after change
>30 days after change
All cardiovascular
During all time after change
< 7 days after change
7–30 days after change
>30 days after change
All cause mortality
During all time after change
< 7 days after change
7–30 days after change
>30 days after change
Event rate
per 100
person-years
1.8
3.9
2.4
1.7
2.6
9.2
3.6
2.4
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.7
0.0
0.0
0.8
1.9
0.0
0.8
2.0
8
0
0
8
27
0
0
27
71
0
2
69
11.4
0.2
0.8
10.4
59.1
1.2
4.0
53.9
116.7
2.4
8.0
106.3
Approx.
expected
events
112.0
2.4
7.7
101.9
158.0
3.4
10.9
143.7
Events
67
3
6
58
93
7
9
77
NO EVENTS
NO EVENTS
NO EVENTS
NO EVENTS
NO EVENTS
Hazard ratio vs
remaining on DAPT
(95% CI)
0.90 (0.68, 1.20)
1.37 (0.44, 4.28)
0.90 (0.40, 2.03)
0.89 (0.65, 1.20)
0.96 (0.75, 1.22)
2.29 (1.08, 4.84)
0.98 (0.51, 1.91)
0.90 (0.69, 1.17)
1.09 (0.47, 2.54)
NO EVENTS
NO EVENTS
1.28 (0.54, 3.03)
0.67 (0.44, 1.04)
0.78 (0.50, 1.21)
0.79 (0.60, 1.04)
NO EVENTS
0.28 (0.07, 1.11)
0.87 (0.66, 1.15)
NO EVENTS
NO EVENTS
Bueno H et al. ACCA Congress 2014
Riesgo de la interrupción de DAP - vida real
Estudio EPICOR (SCA)
Absolutdiferenceinincidence(%)
Clopidogrel
(CURE)
Prasugrel
(TRITON TIMI 38)
Ticagrelor
(PLATO)
Beneficio / riesgo a corto y largo plazo
de P2Y12 en ensayos de pacientes con SCA
Bueno H, Ferreiro JL. Rev Esp Cardiol Suppl 2014;14:32-37.
Placebo + ASA*
7.3%
Clopidogrel + ASA*
6.8%
RRR: 7.1% [95% CI: -4.5%, 17.5%]
P=0.22
Months since randomization§
0
2
4
6
8
0 6 12 18 24 30
Cumulativeeventrate(%)
(MI,Stroke,orCVDeath)
Bhatt DL. N Engl J Med. 2006;354:1706-17
Ensayos de larga duración de DAP en ECV o alto riesgo
Estudio CHARISMA
Bhatt DL. N Engl J Med. 2006;354:1706-17
Population RR (95% CI) p value
CAD, CVD or PAD 0.88 (0.77, 0.998) 0.046
(n=12,153)
Multiple Risk Factors 1.20 (0.91, 1.59) 0.20 (n=3,284)
Overall Population* 0.93 (0.83, 1.05) 0.22
(n=15,603)
CHARISMA Primary Efficacy Results (MI/Stroke/CV Death)
by Pre-Specified Entry Category
Clopidogrel Better Placebo Better
0.6 0.8 1.41.2 1.60.4
* P for interaction =0.045
Adapted from Bhatt DL. N Engl J Med 2006;354:1706-17
Ensayos de larga duración de DAP en ECV o alto riesgo
Estudio CHARISMA
Ensayos de duración de DAP en CI crónica (IM)
Estudio PEGASUS-TIMI 54
Stable pts with history of MI 1-3 yrs prior
+ 1 additional atherothrombosis risk factor*
N ~ 21,000
RANDOMIZE
DOUBLE BLIND
Planned treatment with ASA 75 – 150 mg &
Standard background care
* Age >65 yrs, diabetes, 2nd prior MI, multivessel CAD, or chronic
non-end stage renal dysfunction
Placebo
Event-driven trial
Primary Efficacy Endpoint: CV Death, MI, or Stroke
Primary Safety Endpoint: TIMI Major Bleeding
Ticagrelor
90 mg bid
Ticagrelor
60 mg bid
Bonaca MP. Am Heart J, 2014;167:437–444.e5
Bonaca MP. N Engl J Med 2015
Bonaca MP. N Engl J Med 2015
Bonaca MP. N Engl J Med 2015
Bonaca MP. N Engl J Med 2015
Bonaca MP. N Engl J Med 2015
Bonaca MP. N Engl J Med 2015
Bonaca MP. N Engl J Med 2015
• El tratamiento prolongado con DAP en pacientes con
CI crónica (IM o stent coronario) reduce eventos
isquémicos pero incrementa el riesgo de sangrados
mayores.
• Probablemente no hay una duración óptima de la DAP
para todos los pacientes. Es una opción a considerar
en pacientes con alto riesgo isquémico y sin alto riesgo
de sangrado.
• Definir los candidatos ideales para DAP prolongada es
un reto pendiente.
CONCLUSIONES
Mantener el riesgo
Isquémico residual
Incrementar el
riesgo de sangrado
CONCLUSIONES
Antiagregación en los pacientes con cardiopatía isquémica

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Antiagregación en los pacientes con Cardiopatía Isquémica

  • 1. Antiagregación en los pacientes con cardiopatía isquémica Héctor Bueno Profesor Asociado Universidad Complutense de Madrid Coordinador Cardiología Clínica / UCIC Servicio de Cardiología Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón Madrid
  • 2. Becas de investigación: AstraZeneca (EPICOR) Asesoría / pagos por conferencias: AstraZeneca, Bayer, BMS, Daiichi Sankyo, Eli Lilly, Menarini, Novartis, Pfizer, Sanofi, Servier Héctor Bueno Conflictos de interés
  • 3. Bueno H. ACS: General concepts. In: Bueno H, ed. ACCA Clinical Decision-Making Toolkit
  • 4. NSTEACS (2011) STEMI (2012) Duración de la DAP de acuerdo a las GPC - ESC Myocardial revascularization (2014)
  • 5. Duración de la DAP tras SCA / stent coronario
  • 6. 60 0 6 12 18 24 Time since PCI, Months 50 CumulativeIncidence,% 40 30 20 10 30 Days (2.9%) One Year (23.3%) Two Years (57.3%) Incidence rates calculated over entire study population. Patients censored at last known contact, death or study end. Duración de la DAP en la vida real Estudio PARIS (stent coronario)
  • 7. Mehran R. Lancet 2013; 382:1714-22. Duración de la DAP en la vida real Estudio PARIS (stent coronario) MI 64.4% 10.0% 3.9% 21.7%
  • 8. 1.00 (Ref) 0.63 (0.46, 0.86) 1.41 (0.94, 2.12) 1.50 (1.14, 1.97) On-DAPT Discontinuation Interruption Disruption 0.004 0.101 0.004 413 52 26 67 7.04 (3.31, 14.95)0-7 Days <0.001 7 2.17 (0.97, 4.88)8-30 days 0.06 6 1.30 (0.97, 1.76)31+ days 0.083 54 HR (95% CI) P Events (n) 0.25 0.5 1 2 4 8 16 Hazard Ratio *Cardiac Death, Def/Prob ST, Spontaneous MI, Clinically Driven TLR. All Cox Models adjusted for age, gender, region, ACS presentation, type of stent, number of stents implanted. Riesgo de la interrupción de DAP - vida real Estudio PARIS (stent coronario)
  • 9. Completed Ongoing Modified from Capodanno D, Angiolillo DJ. Circulation 2013;128:2785-98. 3 months 6 months 24/36 months EXCELLENT DAPT ITALIC ISAR SAFE 12 months 48 months 30 months ARCTIC EC aleatorizados comparando distintas duraciones de DAP en pacientes tratados con stents coronarios
  • 10. Ensayos de duración de DAP tras stent coronario PRODIGY (6 vs 24) OPTIMIZE (3 vs 12) ARTIC INTERRUPTION (12 vs 24) ISAR SAFE (6 vs 12)
  • 11. Mauri L. N Engl J Med 2014;371:2155-66. N = 9961 patients Ensayos de duración de DAP tras stent coronario DAPT (12 vs 30 meses clopi/prasu)
  • 12. Elmariah, Lancet 2015 Metaanálisis Relación DAP prolongada y mortalidad
  • 13. 8000 6000 4000 2000 0 0 2 1210864 1614 222018 Numberofpatients Months since discharge DAPT Aspirin only Other antiplatelet only DiedNone Lost to FU Bueno H et al. AHA 2014 Duración de la DAP en la vida real Estudio EPICOR (SCA)
  • 14. CI, confidence interval 0.2 0.5 Hazard ratio vs remaining on DAPT (95% CI) 1 2 4 6 Analysis period NONFATAL EVENTS Coronary During all time after change < 7 days after change 7–30 days after change >30 days after change All cardiovascular During all time after change < 7 days after change 7–30 days after change >30 days after change FATAL EVENTS Coronary During all time after change < 7 days after change 7–30 days after change >30 days after change All cardiovascular During all time after change < 7 days after change 7–30 days after change >30 days after change All cause mortality During all time after change < 7 days after change 7–30 days after change >30 days after change Event rate per 100 person-years 1.8 3.9 2.4 1.7 2.6 9.2 3.6 2.4 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.7 0.0 0.0 0.8 1.9 0.0 0.8 2.0 8 0 0 8 27 0 0 27 71 0 2 69 11.4 0.2 0.8 10.4 59.1 1.2 4.0 53.9 116.7 2.4 8.0 106.3 Approx. expected events 112.0 2.4 7.7 101.9 158.0 3.4 10.9 143.7 Events 67 3 6 58 93 7 9 77 NO EVENTS NO EVENTS NO EVENTS NO EVENTS NO EVENTS Hazard ratio vs remaining on DAPT (95% CI) 0.90 (0.68, 1.20) 1.37 (0.44, 4.28) 0.90 (0.40, 2.03) 0.89 (0.65, 1.20) 0.96 (0.75, 1.22) 2.29 (1.08, 4.84) 0.98 (0.51, 1.91) 0.90 (0.69, 1.17) 1.09 (0.47, 2.54) NO EVENTS NO EVENTS 1.28 (0.54, 3.03) 0.67 (0.44, 1.04) 0.78 (0.50, 1.21) 0.79 (0.60, 1.04) NO EVENTS 0.28 (0.07, 1.11) 0.87 (0.66, 1.15) NO EVENTS NO EVENTS Bueno H et al. ACCA Congress 2014 Riesgo de la interrupción de DAP - vida real Estudio EPICOR (SCA)
  • 15. Absolutdiferenceinincidence(%) Clopidogrel (CURE) Prasugrel (TRITON TIMI 38) Ticagrelor (PLATO) Beneficio / riesgo a corto y largo plazo de P2Y12 en ensayos de pacientes con SCA Bueno H, Ferreiro JL. Rev Esp Cardiol Suppl 2014;14:32-37.
  • 16. Placebo + ASA* 7.3% Clopidogrel + ASA* 6.8% RRR: 7.1% [95% CI: -4.5%, 17.5%] P=0.22 Months since randomization§ 0 2 4 6 8 0 6 12 18 24 30 Cumulativeeventrate(%) (MI,Stroke,orCVDeath) Bhatt DL. N Engl J Med. 2006;354:1706-17 Ensayos de larga duración de DAP en ECV o alto riesgo Estudio CHARISMA Bhatt DL. N Engl J Med. 2006;354:1706-17
  • 17. Population RR (95% CI) p value CAD, CVD or PAD 0.88 (0.77, 0.998) 0.046 (n=12,153) Multiple Risk Factors 1.20 (0.91, 1.59) 0.20 (n=3,284) Overall Population* 0.93 (0.83, 1.05) 0.22 (n=15,603) CHARISMA Primary Efficacy Results (MI/Stroke/CV Death) by Pre-Specified Entry Category Clopidogrel Better Placebo Better 0.6 0.8 1.41.2 1.60.4 * P for interaction =0.045 Adapted from Bhatt DL. N Engl J Med 2006;354:1706-17 Ensayos de larga duración de DAP en ECV o alto riesgo Estudio CHARISMA
  • 18. Ensayos de duración de DAP en CI crónica (IM) Estudio PEGASUS-TIMI 54 Stable pts with history of MI 1-3 yrs prior + 1 additional atherothrombosis risk factor* N ~ 21,000 RANDOMIZE DOUBLE BLIND Planned treatment with ASA 75 – 150 mg & Standard background care * Age >65 yrs, diabetes, 2nd prior MI, multivessel CAD, or chronic non-end stage renal dysfunction Placebo Event-driven trial Primary Efficacy Endpoint: CV Death, MI, or Stroke Primary Safety Endpoint: TIMI Major Bleeding Ticagrelor 90 mg bid Ticagrelor 60 mg bid Bonaca MP. Am Heart J, 2014;167:437–444.e5
  • 19.
  • 20. Bonaca MP. N Engl J Med 2015
  • 21. Bonaca MP. N Engl J Med 2015
  • 22. Bonaca MP. N Engl J Med 2015
  • 23. Bonaca MP. N Engl J Med 2015
  • 24. Bonaca MP. N Engl J Med 2015
  • 25. Bonaca MP. N Engl J Med 2015
  • 26. Bonaca MP. N Engl J Med 2015
  • 27. • El tratamiento prolongado con DAP en pacientes con CI crónica (IM o stent coronario) reduce eventos isquémicos pero incrementa el riesgo de sangrados mayores. • Probablemente no hay una duración óptima de la DAP para todos los pacientes. Es una opción a considerar en pacientes con alto riesgo isquémico y sin alto riesgo de sangrado. • Definir los candidatos ideales para DAP prolongada es un reto pendiente. CONCLUSIONES
  • 28. Mantener el riesgo Isquémico residual Incrementar el riesgo de sangrado CONCLUSIONES Antiagregación en los pacientes con cardiopatía isquémica