This document summarizes a study on the granular aquifer system of western Chalkidiki peninsula in northern Greece. It covers an area of 667 square kilometers, hosting around 65,000 permanent residents and 180,000 seasonal visitors who rely on groundwater. The aquifer system consists of unconsolidated to semi-consolidated sands, gravels, conglomerates and limestones interbedded with impermeable clays and marls. It has medium to moderate hydrocapacity and supplies 74 million cubic meters of water annually. Piezometric studies from 2003-2014 found declining water tables in the south and rising levels in the central and northwest parts. Groundwater quality is generally good except for some high ar
This document is a cover photo of Special Volume 119 from the Geological Society of London from 1997 titled "Manganese Mineralisation". The volume focuses on manganese mineral deposits around the world and their formation. It provides information for geologists studying the geology of manganese deposits.
This document summarizes a study on the granular aquifer system of western Chalkidiki peninsula in northern Greece. It covers an area of 667 square kilometers, hosting around 65,000 permanent residents and 180,000 seasonal visitors who rely on groundwater. The aquifer system consists of unconsolidated to semi-consolidated sands, gravels, conglomerates and limestones interbedded with impermeable clays and marls. It has medium to moderate hydrocapacity and supplies 74 million cubic meters of water annually. Piezometric studies from 2003-2014 found declining water tables in the south and rising levels in the central and northwest parts. Groundwater quality is generally good except for some high ar
This document is a cover photo of Special Volume 119 from the Geological Society of London from 1997 titled "Manganese Mineralisation". The volume focuses on manganese mineral deposits around the world and their formation. It provides information for geologists studying the geology of manganese deposits.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
Groundwater and surface water quality and pollution in the Chalkidiki district of northern Greece is examined. Chemical analyses of groundwater from different aquifers and host rocks show variations related to hydrothermal activity, seawater intrusion, anthropogenic influence, and natural processes. Surface water is also analyzed and found to be polluted from various sources. Geological, hydrogeological, and hydrological factors are used to explain the chemistry and pollution of waters in the region.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against developing mental illness and improve symptoms for those who already have a condition.
The document summarizes the mineralogical and textural evolution of manganese mineralization in western Rhodope massif in northern Greece. It finds that economic manganese oxide deposits formed through weathering of hydrothermal veins related to Oligocene magmatism. At Kato Nevrokopi, progressive weathering of primary veins containing rhodochrosite and other minerals resulted in formation of supergene manganese oxide minerals like todorokite and nsutite in veins and cavities. The mineral paragenesis records the progressive oxidation of the deposits from primary carbonates to less hydrated manganese oxides over time.
The document summarizes the geochemical conditions and environmental pollution from hydrothermal waters in the Anthemous basin in northern Greece. Key points:
- Hydrothermal springs discharge through faults, depositing metalliferous sediments and travertine rich in arsenic, iron, rare earth elements, and other metals.
- Spring waters have temperatures of 23-28°C, are saturated in sulfides, sodium, chloride, and bicarbonate, and enriched in pollutants like arsenic, manganese, and nitrites.
- Metalliferous sediments and travertine chemical deposits contain pyrite, chalcopyrite and are enriched in silicon, calcium, aluminum and various trace metals
The study examines the Mn-oxide mineralization at Kato Nevrokopi, Macedonia, northern Greece using EPMA and SEM to better understand controls on formation. Todorokite, nsutite, birnessite, and chalcophanite were analyzed from different localities representing varying weathering conditions. The chemistry and textures of the Mn-oxides indicate they formed under changing pH, oxidation state, climate, and water table fluctuations during weathering. Host rock lithology and protore mineral composition also influenced the development of late-stage hypogene and early supergene Mn-oxide assemblages through controlling base metal, alkali, and alkaline earth mobilities.
The document summarizes a study that investigated the toxicity of five compounds - pentachlorophenol, trimethyltin, dibutyltin, nickel, and cyanide - on brine shrimp (Artemia franciscana). Trimethyltin proved the most toxic, while nickel was the least. Cyanides showed moderate toxicity, and pentachlorophenol toxicity was similar to dibutyltin. Tests found synergistic interactive effects between pentachlorophenol and each organotin, while the organotins showed antagonistic interaction. Finally, exposure to all three compounds together produced synergistic mortality.
The document summarizes a study of water and environmental pollution in the Mygdonia basin in northern Greece. It finds that decreasing natural water flows combined with urban and industrial impact have led to water pollution and ecological issues in the basin. Specifically:
- Groundwater levels in the shallow aquifer around Lake Volvi dropped by 0-1.2m from 1996-2000, and 0.11-7.59m around Lake Koronia, where over 5000 wells operate.
- Surface water flows feeding the lakes have also declined substantially, with Lake Koronia receiving on average 4 million cubic meters annually from 1996-2000 compared to its needs of 15 million cubic meters.
- Analysis of surface waters found elevated
The document summarizes a study that investigated the correlation between the methylating capacity of river and marine sediments and their organic sediment index (OSI). Sediment samples from the Axios River and Thermaikos Gulf in Greece were incubated with various metal salts, including tin, lead, and mercury. Methylated derivatives of these metals were produced from bioactive sediments but not sterilized sediments, and yields were higher when nutrients were added. Methylation yields correlated positively with OSI, determined as the product of organic carbon and organic nitrogen percentages. Mercury methylation yields were four orders of magnitude higher than tin and lead. In low OSI sediments, mercury methylation rates were higher, while in high OSI sediments, lead methylation
This document summarizes research on agricultural and industrial applications of fly ash from lignite combustion power plants in Greece. Chemical and mineralogical characterization of the fly ash revealed that it has an average grain size of a few to 200 micrometers, with glassy and spherical parts. Leaching experiments showed certain elements like sulfur, calcium, and potassium are mobile in the fly ash, while others like silicon, iron and magnesium exhibit low mobility. Preliminary results found that adding 5% fly ash to acidic soil can increase the pH to suitable levels for agriculture. The research aims to develop sustainable uses of fly ash in constructions, environment and agriculture applications.
This document discusses analytical issues related to the determination of arsenic speciation in natural waters using coupled ion chromatography-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (IC-ICP-MS). Key issues addressed include isobaric interferences from polyatomic ions, matrix-dependent ionization effects in the plasma, and potential species-dependent fractionation during nebulization. The document also discusses factors that can cause arsenic speciation to change during sample storage, such as differential adsorption to iron oxides and microbial activity, and makes recommendations for sample preservation and analysis to improve the reliability of speciation measurements.
The recipient Miltiadis Nimfopoulos was awarded in February 2016. The award was given in cooperation with the International Association of Geochemistry. The award was for Applied Geochemistry from Elsevier based in Amsterdam, Netherlands.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
Groundwater and surface water quality and pollution in the Chalkidiki district of northern Greece is examined. Chemical analyses of groundwater from different aquifers and host rocks show variations related to hydrothermal activity, seawater intrusion, anthropogenic influence, and natural processes. Surface water is also analyzed and found to be polluted from various sources. Geological, hydrogeological, and hydrological factors are used to explain the chemistry and pollution of waters in the region.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against developing mental illness and improve symptoms for those who already have a condition.
The document summarizes the mineralogical and textural evolution of manganese mineralization in western Rhodope massif in northern Greece. It finds that economic manganese oxide deposits formed through weathering of hydrothermal veins related to Oligocene magmatism. At Kato Nevrokopi, progressive weathering of primary veins containing rhodochrosite and other minerals resulted in formation of supergene manganese oxide minerals like todorokite and nsutite in veins and cavities. The mineral paragenesis records the progressive oxidation of the deposits from primary carbonates to less hydrated manganese oxides over time.
The document summarizes the geochemical conditions and environmental pollution from hydrothermal waters in the Anthemous basin in northern Greece. Key points:
- Hydrothermal springs discharge through faults, depositing metalliferous sediments and travertine rich in arsenic, iron, rare earth elements, and other metals.
- Spring waters have temperatures of 23-28°C, are saturated in sulfides, sodium, chloride, and bicarbonate, and enriched in pollutants like arsenic, manganese, and nitrites.
- Metalliferous sediments and travertine chemical deposits contain pyrite, chalcopyrite and are enriched in silicon, calcium, aluminum and various trace metals
The study examines the Mn-oxide mineralization at Kato Nevrokopi, Macedonia, northern Greece using EPMA and SEM to better understand controls on formation. Todorokite, nsutite, birnessite, and chalcophanite were analyzed from different localities representing varying weathering conditions. The chemistry and textures of the Mn-oxides indicate they formed under changing pH, oxidation state, climate, and water table fluctuations during weathering. Host rock lithology and protore mineral composition also influenced the development of late-stage hypogene and early supergene Mn-oxide assemblages through controlling base metal, alkali, and alkaline earth mobilities.
The document summarizes a study that investigated the toxicity of five compounds - pentachlorophenol, trimethyltin, dibutyltin, nickel, and cyanide - on brine shrimp (Artemia franciscana). Trimethyltin proved the most toxic, while nickel was the least. Cyanides showed moderate toxicity, and pentachlorophenol toxicity was similar to dibutyltin. Tests found synergistic interactive effects between pentachlorophenol and each organotin, while the organotins showed antagonistic interaction. Finally, exposure to all three compounds together produced synergistic mortality.
The document summarizes a study of water and environmental pollution in the Mygdonia basin in northern Greece. It finds that decreasing natural water flows combined with urban and industrial impact have led to water pollution and ecological issues in the basin. Specifically:
- Groundwater levels in the shallow aquifer around Lake Volvi dropped by 0-1.2m from 1996-2000, and 0.11-7.59m around Lake Koronia, where over 5000 wells operate.
- Surface water flows feeding the lakes have also declined substantially, with Lake Koronia receiving on average 4 million cubic meters annually from 1996-2000 compared to its needs of 15 million cubic meters.
- Analysis of surface waters found elevated
The document summarizes a study that investigated the correlation between the methylating capacity of river and marine sediments and their organic sediment index (OSI). Sediment samples from the Axios River and Thermaikos Gulf in Greece were incubated with various metal salts, including tin, lead, and mercury. Methylated derivatives of these metals were produced from bioactive sediments but not sterilized sediments, and yields were higher when nutrients were added. Methylation yields correlated positively with OSI, determined as the product of organic carbon and organic nitrogen percentages. Mercury methylation yields were four orders of magnitude higher than tin and lead. In low OSI sediments, mercury methylation rates were higher, while in high OSI sediments, lead methylation
This document summarizes research on agricultural and industrial applications of fly ash from lignite combustion power plants in Greece. Chemical and mineralogical characterization of the fly ash revealed that it has an average grain size of a few to 200 micrometers, with glassy and spherical parts. Leaching experiments showed certain elements like sulfur, calcium, and potassium are mobile in the fly ash, while others like silicon, iron and magnesium exhibit low mobility. Preliminary results found that adding 5% fly ash to acidic soil can increase the pH to suitable levels for agriculture. The research aims to develop sustainable uses of fly ash in constructions, environment and agriculture applications.
This document discusses analytical issues related to the determination of arsenic speciation in natural waters using coupled ion chromatography-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (IC-ICP-MS). Key issues addressed include isobaric interferences from polyatomic ions, matrix-dependent ionization effects in the plasma, and potential species-dependent fractionation during nebulization. The document also discusses factors that can cause arsenic speciation to change during sample storage, such as differential adsorption to iron oxides and microbial activity, and makes recommendations for sample preservation and analysis to improve the reliability of speciation measurements.
The recipient Miltiadis Nimfopoulos was awarded in February 2016. The award was given in cooperation with the International Association of Geochemistry. The award was for Applied Geochemistry from Elsevier based in Amsterdam, Netherlands.