The document discusses two techniques for enhancing cellular network capacity: cell sectoring and cell splitting. Cell sectoring improves capacity by dividing a cell into smaller sectors with directional antennas, while cell splitting creates smaller cells with dedicated base stations. Both methods aim to reduce congestion and improve service quality in the context of limited radio spectrum availability.

1. BANGALORE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
K R Road, V V Puram, Bengaluru – 560004
Department of Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering
VI Semester Wireless and Cellular Communication Laboratory
(21TCL66)
TOPIC: ANALYSIS OF CELLULAR CONCEPTS LIKE CELL-SECTORING, SPLITTING (USING
QUALNET /NS3/ ANY OTHER TOOL)
PRESENTED BY
NAME:VENNELA S
USN:1BI21ET050
PRESENTED TO
Prof. N SHRUTHI
ASSISTANT PROFESOR

2. • In this presentation, we will explore two key
techniques used to enhance the capacity of
cellular networks: cell sectoring and cell
splitting.
• We will discuss their functionalities, benefits,
and potential drawbacks.
• By understanding these techniques, we can
gain valuable insight into how cellular networks
manage increasing user demands and data
traffic.
CELLULAR NETWORK CAPACITY ENHANCEMENT TECHNIQUES

3. THE CHALLENGE: LIMITED SPECTRUM
•Cellular networks operate on a limited radio
spectrum resource
•Multiple users share the same frequency channels
within a coverage area
•This can lead to congestion and decreased
capacity
Cellular networks function by transmitting and
receiving signals on specific radio frequencies.
However, the available spectrum is a finite
resource. As the number of users and data traffic
grows, the limited spectrum becomes congested,
leading to dropped calls, slow data speeds, and
overall network performance degradation.

4. CELL SECTORING
•Cell sectoring divides a cell into multiple sectors (typically 3
or 6)
•Each sector has its own directional antenna
•Directional antennas focus radio signals in specific
directions, reducing co-channel interference
•Allows for frequency reuse within the same cell area
•Cell sectoring is a technique that addresses the spectrum
limitation by dividing a large cell into smaller sectors. Each
sector is equipped with its own directional antenna. These
antennas focus the radio signals in specific directions,
reducing interference between users within the same cell
who are using the same frequency channel.

5. BENEFITS OF CELL SECTORING
•Increased network capacity: More users can be served in
the same area
•Reduced co-channel interference: Improved call quality
and data speeds
•Improved signal strength for users at the cell edge
Cell sectoring offers several advantages. Firstly, it
significantly increases the network's capacity to handle
more users within the same coverage area. By reducing
co-channel interference, cell sectoring leads to improved
call quality and faster data speeds for users.

6. LIMITATIONS OF CELL SECTORING
• Increased complexity: Requires additional
antennas and infrastructure
• Handoff overhead: Mobile devices may need to
switch sectors more frequently, introducing
handoff delays
• Potential for coverage gaps at sector boundaries

7. CELL SPLITTING
•Cell splitting subdivides a large cell into smaller
cells, each with its own base station
•Smaller cells have lower transmission power and
shorter range
•Increases frequency reuse factor and overall
network capacity

8. BENEFITS OF CELL SPLITTING
• Significant capacity increase
• Increases the frequency reuse factor
• Increases the capacity of the channel considerably.
• Enhances dependability of cellular networks.

9. Thanks!!