Beach Sand Mining (BSM) is a process to extract rare earth minerals from open pits. There are misconceptions about BSM, that it affects environment and is a threat to biodiversity. BSM normally consists of ilmenite, rutile, zircon, garnet, monazite, leucoxene and sillimanite. Ilmenite is the major rare earth element which is used large in the consumer products and high tech applications. For instance; the companies who extract rare earth minerals from the field just scoop the top inch of the beach. If they go any deeper, they would end up mining silica. Silica is not a rare earth mineral and is of no use to the industry. These minerals are skimmed early in the morning, as by the evening the minerals are washed off by heavy waves. Hence, it is necessary to scoop these minerals in the morning, as the sea deposits fresh layers of rare earth minerals.

1. Beach Sand Mining – Misconceptions in India
Beach Sand Mining (BSM) is a process to extract rare earth minerals from open pits. There are
misconceptions about BSM, that it affects environment and is a threat to biodiversity. BSM
normally consists of ilmenite, rutile, zircon, garnet, monazite, leucoxene and sillimanite.
Ilmenite is the major rare earth element which is used large in the consumer products and high
tech applications.
For instance; the companies who extract rare earth minerals from the field just scoop the top
inch of the beach. If they go any deeper, they would end up mining silica. Silica is not a rare
earth mineral and is of no use to the industry. These minerals are skimmed early in the
morning, as by the evening the minerals are washed off by heavy waves. Hence, it is necessary
to scoop these minerals in the morning, as the sea deposits fresh layers of rare earth minerals.
V. V. Mineral is one of the largest exporters of ilmenite and garnet in India. S Vaikundarajan is
the founder of V. V. Mineral and was found by him in the late 1980s. Several allegations are
made against these top notch Beach sand mining companies.
A special team led by IAS officer Gagan Deep Singh Bedi has submitted contents of a report
concerning the illegal BSM in southern districts. A petition to make the content public was
submitted by an advocate, it states that the public has the rights to know the details of the
report. The Madras High Court Bench has transferred the public interest petition to Principal
Seat of High Court in Chennai, following the advocate’s petition.
After a number of allegations were made against these mining firms, a special investigation
team was set up by the State Government to look into the matters. Before submitting the
report a detailed probe was conducted by the investigating team. The government decided to
extend the enquiry to other areas and has kept the report confidential. The MD and CEO of V.
V. Mineral, S. Vaikundarajan said, “The investigation was completed and report submitted in
November 2013. However, no evidence of illegal activity was found against VV Mineral.”