This ppt as presented before CS JK

1. Digital Agriculture in J&K
Prof Nazir A Ganai
Vice-Chancellor
SKUAST-Kashmir

2. Unsustainable land and crop
conversion
Prodigal Farming
Degrading natural
resources
Indiscriminate use of Inputs
(Fertilizers, pesticides, etc)
Absence of weather & Agro
advisories
Poor Extension reach
to farmers Low yield and crop loss
Poor Market Linkage

3. • Non-
availability of
Quality Inputs
• Unchecked
Inputs prices
• Prodigal Farming
• Yield Stagnation
• Degrading Water,
Soil and other
Resources
• Traditional
Extension
approach
• Non-availability
of Weather,
Climate and Ago-
advisories
• Post-Harvest
Losses
• Grading and
Packaging
• High Labour Cost
• Faulty Pruning
and Training
• Less Shelf Life
Spur Varieties
• Huge Cost of
Cold Storage
Facility
• Non-
availability of
quick
automatic
acquisition
System
• Inadequate
Market Infra-
structure /
Linkage
Agricultural Challenges in J&K

4. J&K: Key Strengths
Greater Kashmir, 2022; Kashmir Press, 2022
✓ Rich bio-diversity
✓ Niche and medicinal crops
✓ Natural resources
✓ Favorable conditions for
✓ Horticulture – Temperate fruits
✓ Floriculture
✓ Saffron Production
✓ Sheep husbandry
✓ Fisheries
✓ etc.

5. Agriculture 1.0 (BC-1784)
Human/Animal Power
Agriculture 2.0 (1950’s)
Mechanical Agriculture
Agriculture 3.0 (1992)
Automation in Agriculture
Agriculture 4.0 (2020)
Smart Agriculture with
unmanned operations
The Evolution of Agriculture
Developed
World is
here

6. EA For Digital Agriculture
• India Digital Ecosystem of Agriculture (IDEA) under Digital Agriculture Mission
• AgriStack / National Agri Data Stack :
• Collection of technology-based interventions in agriculture
• Primary data layer for agri-focussed, data driven solutions with
Unified Farmer Service Interface
• Implementation: Public-Private Partnership (PPP)
(IBEF, 2022)
MOUs

7. Digital Agriculture Mission
1 • Stakeholders
2
• Technologies
3
• Benefits and Beneficiaries
To build Regional Digital Agriculture Ecosystem

8. Applications
Of Digital
Agriculture
Gather, visualize and assess crop and soil health
conditions at all stages of production,
Convenient and cost-effective
Rapidly identify and deal with challenges through
real-time actionable insights
Tamper-proof and precise data
Quick and secure transactions, and food tracking

9. Framework of JK Agristack Architecture (JKAA)
‘Given that majority of the digital
services and transactions in the
agriculture space happen within the
State jurisdictions, a monolithic
architecture of UFSI (Unified Farmer
Service Interface) under IDEA
architecture would pose problems of
management and scalability and
that States will have the option of
joining the national UFSI to meet
their data exchange requirements or
establish their own FSI and federate
the same with UFSI’

10. Unique Farm ID (UFID)
Farmer Unique ID
Personal Information
Land/Crop/Livestock
Field Management
Farm Practices
Financial Management
Block Chain Driven Tracking System

11. Way Forward for
J&K
(Use Cases)

12. Problem Solution Technologies Role Player
Climate vagaries AI driven real time weather
forecasting and agro-advisories
system
Artificial Intelligence
Internet of Things
Decision support
systems
SKUAST J&K
Microsoft India
Innovators
Startups/Enterpreuners
Mismatch in Crop-land-capability &
suitability
Scientific Land evaluation and
suitability mapping for proper
land use
RS, UAV’s, GIS
mapping
SKUAST J&K
Remote sensing
department
ESRI
Unsustainable land and crop conversion
Poor crop surveillance and warning Real time mobile and web
based crop monitoring for
diseases, pest attack and water
stress
Mobile apps
Web Based Browsers
AI/ML Models
SKUAST J&K
Agriculture/horticulture
Department
Pre harvest & Post Harvest Risk
warnings
Poor irrigation water use efficiency Intelligent IoT based irrigation
and fertigation system
Smart Soil Sensors
Wireless sensor
network
IoT Technologies
Cloud Computing
SKUAST J&K
Irrigation & Automation
Companies
No soil health tracking system and poor
nutrient use efficiency
Real time digital soil mapping
for sustainable soil and
nutrient use
Proximal Soil Sensors
Mappers/Software’s
SKUAST J&K
Automation Companies
Agriculture Department
Digital Agriculture solutions and way forward for UT

13. Labour shortage of skilled persons Automation and robotics – with
improved precision and use efficiency
Robots
Intelligent machines
Farm Machinery
SKUAST J&K
MSME/ Innovators
Startups/Enterpreuners
Volatile prices and poor marketing Centralized digital platforms for
connecting smallholder farmers with
the market
Block chain
AI/ML
Digital platforms
Amazon
Agriculture/Horticulture
marketing Department
Panchayats, FPO’S
E-Mandis
No authentic primary and secondary
data collection system
Robust digital system of data
collection
Block chain
RFID
Department
Poor extension and field scouting ITC driven extension Mobile apps
Social media
Web based browsers
SMS
Microsoft
Agriculture Department
KVKS
Other Software
companies
No land record tracking Block-chain based land record and
farmer tracking system
GPS/GNSS
Blockchain
GIS
Revenue Department
Unskilled human resource Capacity building for NextGen Human
Resource
SKUAST Kashmir and
Agricultural Department
No farmer and business tracking
system
Unique Farmer ID (UFID) to track
farmer business from seed to fork
Blockchain
RFID
SKUAST Kashmir and
Agricultural Department
Software companies
Continue….

14. • Land, Soil & Forest Cover Data
•Livestock & Fisheries
Digitization of Agri. Land /
Forest / Natural Resources and
Crops
•Weather / Climate Data
• Sensor based Soil Data
• Pathogens / Disease Data
Real Time Data Capture /
Analytics using IoT, Big Data
and AI
• DSS for Apple, Pear and Walnut, Rice and
Maize,
• DSS for Saffron, Kala Zeera
• DSS for Trout Fish, Temperate Vegetables and
Sericulture
Development of Farmer
friendly DSS/ Mobile apps
for Principal crops
• Drone based field surveillance and Monitoring
• IoT based disease, irrigation, spray and
protected management
• GIS/RS based efficient nutrient management
Development of Precision
Agricultural Technologies
• Farm advisory, real time marketing and logistics
• Soil Health and Crop Insurance
• Land convergence and usage
Services / Applications
• Revenue & Remote Sensing Dept.
• Dept. of Agriculture & Horticulture
• SKUAST of Jammu/Kashmir.
• SKUAST of Jammu/Kashmir
• SKUAST of Jammu/Kashmir
• Local/Private IT Companies
• Start-ups & Entrepreneurs
(Static)
(Dynamic)
(Application)
(Innovations)
• SKUAST of Jammu/Kashmir
• Revenue & Remote Sensing Dept
• Dept. of Agriculture & Horticulture
• SKUAST of Jammu/Kashmir.
Stakeholders and Action Plan

15. SKUAST-Kashmir
India’s 1st Innovation Driven University
N o t e w o r t h y D i g i t a l I n i t i a t i v e s

16. Experts online
Yield Prediction
Realtime weather updates
Soil health Management
Integration with IoTs
Access to farm inputs
Location/Orchard Specific
Advisories
AppleDoc: DSS for Apples Apple Kashmir: DSS for Apples
Apple Insect, Pest,
Disease
Management
Nutrient
Management &
Recommendation
Spray Schedule
Low cost
Solar Driven
Indigenously
developed sensors
Microcontrollers for
precise irrigation
IoT Driven Micro Irrigation
IoT Driven Micro Weather Station
Low-cost,
lightweight
Ground sensors
Local weather
updates
Updates over IoT

17. IoT & AI Driven $mart Sheep Breede₹©
Sensor Based Soil Health Management
IoT based sensors
Soil temperature
NPK
Photosynthetic radiation
PH, EC
Soil Moisture
Autonomous Agribot
RS & GIS Based Resource & Fertility Mapping
Latest satellite imageries
Ground truthing
Thematic maps
Surface maps
Hydrological maps
Profile maps
e-breeder
e-mandi
e-entrepreneur
e-Vet
e-manager
e-governance
Artificial Intelligence
Breeding Algorithms
Ranking & Distribution
Real
time
Data
For smart farming
Ardupilot based
RTK/GPS guided Agribot

18. State-of-the-Art
First in India
Robust solutions
to problems in agriculture
Hi- tech
Center for AI & ML Robotics Lab
Advance level
research
Robotics in
agriculture
Hi-Tech
technology
development
Technical Manpower
Highly qualified scientists
Expertise in
digital Agriculture
AI, ML, GIS
Automation
Robotics
RS Geo-Informatics Lab
Image processing
Photogrammery
Land cover modeling
Biophysical modeling
Digital Soil Mapping
Crop Monitoring

19. Digital Platforms already available

20. NATIONAL
Information Network for
Animal Productivity and
Health (INAPH)

21. Immediate Actionable Insights

22. 1. Weather Forecasting
Satellites
Big Data
Weather
Station
Disease
Models
Fertigation
Plan
Robust
Spraying
Location
Specific
Farm Level
Advisories
AI/ML
tools
Data
Mining
Pest
Prediction

23. 2. Crop-Land Suitability Mapping
Based on Remote Sensing and Drone Technology
Land Evaluation: Estimating the potential of land for alternative kinds
of land use so that the consequences of change can be predicted.
Land Suitability: Fitness of a given area for a land utilization type (or
land use).

24. 3. Space Visualization Based
Crop monitoring and Decision Support System Data
Satellite Drone Laboratory
➢ Crop Diseases Monitoring
➢ Soil Health Monitoring
➢ Crop and location specific advisories- Irrigation, fertigation, and pesticide spraying etc.

25. 4. ICTS FOR AGRICULTURAL
EXTENSION AND ADVISORY
SERVICES
Type of Advisory
• Weather forecast
• Crop specific AGRO ADVISORY
• Sowing/Harvesting Date information
• Disease/Epidemic Outbreak mitigation
Tools
• Mobile apps
• Web based browsers
• Short messaging services (SMS)
5. CENTRAIZED DIGITAL
PLATFORMS FOR CONNECTING
SMALLHOLDER FARMERS WITH THE
MARKET
Type of services
• Online sourcing agriculture information
• Online ordering inputs from supplier
• Online sale to consumers
• Government information
• Up gradation and digitization of sales points (Mandis)
• E-banking services
Tools
• Mobile apps
• Web based browsers
• Mandis and Warehouses
• Dedicates web Platforms

26. 6. Uberization of Agricultural farm
machinery (Digital Custom hiring centers)
Type of Services
• Up-gradation of custom hiring centers
• Linking CHC’s with digital apps for providing farm
machinery on hiring basic to farmers
• Linking Large holding farmers having Farm machinery
available to digital apps
Tools
• Mobile apps
• Web based browsers
• Short messaging services (SMS)
7. Sensitization programmes on
improving Digital skills among rural
population
Training and capacity building programmes for rural youth

27. 8. USE OF PRECISION
AGRICULTURE TECHNOLOGIES IN
HORTICULTURAL CROPS
Technologies
• Satellite/aerial imagery and GPS guidance systems
• Chlorophyll/greenness sensors
• On field Yield monitoring and estimation devices
• Yield /Precision Maps (if yes to yield monitor)
• Smart irrigations & Smart greenhouse
• Farm management system
• Agricultural drone
9. IOT BASED SMART IRRIGATION
FOR SAFFRON TO IMPROVE YIELD
• Specialized IoT based sensors & hardware, cloud
storage for Data processing to facilitate decision-
making
10. Geo mapping/thematic mapping of
geographical area for tapping fisheries
potential of J&K

28. END
•Thank you

29. (Talaviya et al., 2020)
Components of Digital Agriculture

30. Sensors and IoT technologies
A sustainable agriculture requires development of sensing and data collection systems for
monitoring and control of agricultural machines and processes.
GIS and Imaging Software
1. Monitoring
Ground based and UAV based monitoring

31. 2. Prediction using AI
This system when equipped with artificial
intelligence and prediction algorithms
that emulate the decision-making and can provide
warning messages to users.

32. 3. Decision Making
Big Data Decision
Data Analytics
Trade route &
shipping
Fertigation Feed & fodder Soil Mapping Sowing time
Artificial
insemination
Selection & culling
Sale &
procurement
Conserve &
optimize resources
Optimize energy
(Somali et al., 2020)
Optimization of:

33. 4. Automation and Robotics
Crop scouting Robots Harvesting Robots Milking robots
Weed Killing robots Crop Spraying drone
--Labor free --hyper efficient --Fast --Accurate --Hygienic --Resource effective --
Automation in irrigation