1. BAHAGIANB (12 MARKAH)
1.Rajah 1 menunjukkankaryotipdaripadaduaindividu.
(a) (i) Apakahmutasi ?
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[1 markah]
(ii) Berikanduacara bagaimanamutasi berlaku?
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[2 markah]
(b) Apakahjeniskaryotipbagi individuRdanindividuS?
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[2 markah]
(c) (i) Apakahperbezaan antarakaryotipindividuRdanindividuS?
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[1 markah]
(ii) Apakah kesandaripadaperbezaanini?
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[1 markah]
(iii) Terangkan bagaimanaperbezaanini berlaku?
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[1 markah]
IndividuR
Individu S

2. (d) (i) Albinodi sebabkanoleh mutasi padaDNA.Huraikancirri-ciri manusiaalbino.
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[1 markah]
(ii) Lukiskanrajahskemayangmenunjukkan bagaimanaindukyangmenjadi pembawa
mewarisi penyakitalbinokepadaanakmereka.
[3 markah]