Title: **Advancements in Alternaria solani Detection** Slide 1: **Introduction** - Overview of Alternaria solani's impact on crops. - Importance of early detection. Slide 2: **Background** - Key characteristics and susceptible crops. Slide 3: **Signs and Symptoms** - Visual indicators and distinguishing from other diseases. Slide 4: **Traditional vs. Advanced Methods** - Limits of traditional methods. - Introduction to molecular techniques, remote sensing, biosensors, and AI. Slide 5-9: **Technology Highlights** - Detailed slides on each advanced detection method with examples. Slide 10: **Case Studies** - Real-world successes in Alternaria solani detection. Slide 11: **Challenges and Future Prospects** - Current challenges and anticipated advancements. Slide 12: **Best Practices** - Recommendations for proactive detection and management. Slide 13: **Conclusion** - Recap key points and stress the importance of advanced detection. Slide 14: **Q&A** - Invite questions and discussions. Slide 15: **References** - Cite relevant studies and resources.

1. DETECTING
ALTERNARIA
SOLANI USING
POLYMRASE CHAIN REACTION

2. ALTERNARIA SOLANI
Alternaria solani is a pathogenic fungus that attack and cuase diseases in green
plants especially Potato, Tomato, Peppers. Early blight is one of the diseases
caused by A.solani.
2

3. INTRODUCTION
 Early blight is a common threat to many
economically important crops
 including potatoes
 As this disease cause serious loss in
yield and quality
 Thus, it is important to detect this
pathogen at early stage.
3

4. DETECTION METHOD
 There are many other molecular
techniques for the detection
 Using RT-PCR is one of the best technique
in detection
 PCR enables highly sensitive and accurate
detection of fungal pathogens
 It is primer and temperature based
technique, amplify the targeted nucleic
acid strand
4

5. DETECTION PROCESS
MATERIAL
 Infected plant samples
 DNA extraction
 Alternaria solani primer
 PCR mixture
 Gel electropherasis
 UV light
METHOD
 Taking infected and fresh potato leaves as a
sample
 Extraction of DNA
 Amplification using PCR
 Results detection using ultraviolet light
5

6. CONCLUSIONS
RESULTS
 A.Solani must be identified using RT-PCR
 DNA strands will be separated based upon
there amplification
 Amplified strands appeared as bright bands
under UV. light
 Hence using PCR technique has great
importance
 It could be the revolutionary method , to save
the fields
 Earlier detection helps to decrease the loss
IMPORTANCE
6

7. EFFECTIVENESS
PCR and other techniques
1st Qtr 2nd Qtr 3rd Qtr 4th Qtr
7
 The graph is showing the effectiveness of PCR detection as
compared with other molecular techniques
 The 1st Qtr representing the pcr
 Other three Qtrs (2,3,4) are representing other molecular
technques

8. DISCUSSIONS
8
 The study introduces an RNA-based method for detecting Alternaria solani overcoming limitations of conventional PCR, morphological
identification
 identification of a specific and stably expressed gene, jg1677, in A. solani, providing a basis for RNA-based detection. The gene's specificity
was confirmed among 22 potato pathogens, making it a reliable marker for A. solani.
 The study addressed the issue of sample transport in plastic bags, confirming that storing samples for up to 24 hours did not significantly
affect the stability of jg1677 expression.
 The RNA-based qPCR method is highlighted as more effective for early detection compared to morphological examination and DNA-based
methods. Early detection facilitates timely control and prevention of disease spread in agricultural production.
 The study represents a significant advancement in the field of pathogen detectionoffering a sensitive, specific, and efficient RNA-based
method

9. REFFERENCES
9
https://apsjournals.apsnet.org/doi/abs/10.1094/PDIS-04-19-0765-RE
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.1016996/full
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00275514.1998.12026975

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