spacing &crowding orthodontic

1. -Mahdi Mohammed-

2. Crowding or spacing of the teeth can result from an
anatomical abnormality in jaw structure or from
disparities between the upper and lower jaw during
growth. It may also be caused by a traumatic injury
affecting the jaw. An inconsistency between the
length or width of the jaw can result in an
imbalance of the facial bones, muscles and teeth.
An orthodontist can reposition the jaw so that as
growth continues, the bones and teeth align
correctly. If the disparities are not addressed during
childhood, they can result in major jaw issues that
require orthognathic (jaw) surgery.

3. TOOTH CROWDING
When there is too little space for all the teeth to fit into the mouth
properly, crowding occurs. Teeth may, as they try to grow in too
small a space to accommodate them, become crooked, slanted,
twisted or transposed, perhaps growing in an inappropriate
location such as behind or in front of an adjacent tooth, or even in
the upper palate.
Crowded teeth, apart from being unattractive, are more difficult to
clean, resulting in increased risk of dental decay and periodontal
disease. Also, because the crowded teeth interfere with a normal
bite, they can cause bruxism, or teeth grinding, that can lead to
loosened or fractured teeth, as well as temporomandibular joint
pain (TMJ).
At times, when there is a major lack of space for incoming teeth,
they may not only transpose, or begin to grow in an improper
location, they may become impacted and never erupt at all. Tooth
impactions have to be corrected because they can cause serious
problems, such as damaging the roots of nearby teeth and
interfering with the drainage of the sinus cavities.

4. TOOTH SPACING
Abnormal tooth spacing occurs when there are unnatural gaps
between the teeth. Excessive space between teeth may be as
problematic as tooth crowding. There are several reasons tooth
spacing may occur, including:
 Unusually small teeth
 Missing teeth due to birth defect or injury
 Abnormal gum tissue
 Impacted teeth
 Protruding teeth