1. TRAINING PACKAGE FOR A
FAMILY MEMBER OF A
PERSON WHO HAS
DIFFICULTY MOVING
HOW TO TRAIN THE
PERSON TO TAKE CARE OF
HIMSELF OR HERSELF
Jonnika Xyza H. Cunanan, OTRP

2. objectives
• How to train the person who has difficulty
moving to take better care of himself in all
ADLs with little or without help

3. INTRODUCTION
• Feeding oneself is important
• Keep clean when eating and drinking

4. • How to sit while drinking and eating
– Comfortable position
– Help him sit supported in the following ways:
• Sit on one side of the person and support him with
your arm.

5. • Find a box
• Sit on a chair and lean on a table
• Leaning forward
• Put your arm behind the person’s neck

6. • Holding your hand under the person’s chin
• Use a collar
• If the person’s head always turns to one side, sit
on the other side of the person and turn the
person’s face forward with your hand

7. • REMEMBER!
– Let the person eat and drink slowly!
– Let the person eat as much as possible
without help
– When the person learns what you are
teaching, show that you are pleased

8. EATING

9. • How to pick up food and take it to the
mouth
– Make the
handle thicker
(use cane or bamboo)
– Make a band using the cloth (1 inch width)

10. – Rest the elbow on the ground, the knee, or on
a table
– Bend the head and bring the mouth down to
the food on the plate. Put heavy object next to
the plate to prevent it from moving

11. • How to take food
into the mouth
– Take the food
into mouth from
the front
– Put small
amounts of food
– Put food using
the lips and not
the teeth

12. – Put one spoonful of food on one side, and the
next spoonful on the other side of the tongue
– Support the head

13. • How to chew and swallow
– Keep the head straight and in line with the
body
– Teach the person to keep the lips closed
when chewing and swallowing
• If the person’s lower lip falls down, teach the
person to hold it up with the fingers

14. – Keep the lips closed and move the person’s
jaws with your hand
– Support the head
– Gentle rubbing of the
front of the neck downward
with two fingers on the front
as he tries to swallow

15. DRINKING

16. • How to hold the cup and take it to the
mouth
– Teach person to hold the cup using one or
both hands

17. • How to take the drink into the mouth and
swallow
– Drink using a hollow stem/ straw/ bamboo
– Drink using a spoon

18. WASHING
AND BATHING

19. • Should be easy and
safe
– Sitting under a tap or in
a tub of water
– Use a bowl to pour the
water over himself
• Find someone else to
accompany him

20. • May need a box to lean on
• Ways to help in making bathing easier:
– tie a soap on a string
around neck
– use a long handled brush

21. CLEANING
THE TEETH

22. • Use a brush, a soft stick or a finger.
– Use with charcoal powder or salt
• The brush, stick, finger must always be
moved away from the gums towards the
edges of the teeth while cleaning

23. • Clean the teeth on the inside and outside
and back of mouth
• Rinse the mouth with water after brushing

24. COMBING THE
HAIR

25. • Teach the person to comb hair everyday
• Use long handled comb
• Lean on the table while combing hair

26. CARING FOR
THE NAILS

27. • Cut nails often
• Clean nails everyday
with brush, soap and
water
• If the person cannot
do this alone, help the
person.

28. WASHING
CLOTHES

29. • Wash his clothes
often and to put on
clean clothes after
bathing
– Can be done before
bathing, so clothes will
have time to dry while
bathing
• Sit on a stool or on a
box

30. USING THE
LATRINE

31. • Use same latrine as family members
– If the person cannot go there alone, arrange
for him to be taken there
• If the person has difficulty squatting:
– Fix 2 poles by the latrine
– Tie a rope to the latrine wall

32. • Use a pot
• Clean himself every time after he has
used the latrine or the pot
– Use soap and water to wash the hands after

33. DRESSING

34. • The person needs to dress and undress
by himself to be independent
• Needs to wear the same kind of clothes
that his family wears

35. • How to begin training:
– Learn to take off clothes, then put them on
– Choose a position that makes dressing easier
• sitting on the ground, stool or on a bed
• Sit leaning against the wall
• Sit on a chair
• Lying down

36. • Taking clothes off
– Trousers: take out stronger leg out FIRST
then the weaker leg
– Blouses with sleeves: take the stronger arm
out FIRST then the weaker arm

37. • Putting clothes on
– Trousers: weaker leg into the trousers FIRST,
and then the stronger leg
– Shirt with sleeves: weaker arm FIRST then
out the stronger arm

40. • How to make it easier for the person to
dress
– Loose clothes

41. – Use elastic or draw strings
– Add pockets
– Use a piece of bamboo or a stick to help put
on and take off shoes or socks

42. results
• Feeding • Uses latrine
– Alone – Alone
– With help sometimes – With help sometimes
– Not at all – Not at all
• Cleanliness • Dressing
– Alone – Alone
– With help sometimes – With help sometimes
– Not at all – Not at all