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![ﺃ/ﺣﺴــــــﻦﻳـﺤﻴـﻰ
١٧
H2SO4
CH2═CH2 + HSO4H CH3─CH2─SO4H
CH3CH2─ SO4H + H OH CH3CH2OH + H2SO4
C2H4 + H2O C2H5OH
:H+
H2SO4H+
(
(H2O2)
H─C═C─H + HOH + [O] H─C—C─H
110° C
H2SO4
KMnO4
110° C
80° C
H
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H
I
H
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OH
H
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OH
](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/random-151224010843/85/-17-320.jpg?cb=1450980766)
Uploaded byخالد عبد الباسط
العضوية من البداية الي الالكينات استاذ رمضان غلاب تالتة ثانوي
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العضوية من البداية الي الالكينات استاذ رمضان غلاب تالتة ثانوي
- 1. ﺃ/ﺣﺴــــــﻦﻳـﺤﻴـﻰ ١ ( NH4Cl + AgCNO AgCl + NH4CNO NH4CNO H2NCONH2 ؟!
- 2. ﺃ/ﺣﺴــــــﻦﻳـﺤﻴـﻰ ٢ –– CO2-H2O CO2-H2O –
- 3. ﺃ/ﺣﺴــــــﻦﻳـﺤﻴـﻰ ٣ C3H8 H─ C ─ C ─ C ─H C2H6O ٫ ٫ H H | | H – C – C – O – H | | H H CH3CH2 OH H H | | H – C – O – C – H | | H H CH3 O CH3 C2H6O H I I H H I I H H I I H
- 4. ﺃ/ﺣﺴــــــﻦﻳـﺤﻴـﻰ ٤ CuO. CuO H2O + Cu2H + CuO C +2CuO CO2 + 2Cu C2H6 HH ─ C ─ C ─ CnH2n+2 C2H4 HH ─ C ═ C ─ CnH2n C2H2 HH ─ C ≡ C ─ CnH2n-2 ﺃﻟﻴﻔﺎﺗﻴﺔﺃﺭﻭﻣﺎﺗﻴﺔ H I I H H I I H H I H I
- 5. ﺃ/ﺣﺴــــــﻦﻳـﺤﻴـﻰ ٥ (CnH2n+2) ١ CH4CH4 ٢ CH3-CH3C2H6 ٣ CH3-CH2-CH3C3H8 ٤ CH3-CH2-CH2-CH3C4H10 ٥ CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3C5H12 ٦ CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3C6H14 ٧ CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3C7H16 ٨ CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3C8H18 ٩ CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3C9H20 ١٠ CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3C10H22 CH4 ( ─ CH2─ ) CH2 ─R─ CnH2n+1
- 6. ﺃ/ﺣﺴــــــﻦﻳـﺤﻴـﻰ ٦ CnH2n+2 ─ R ─ CnH2n+1 CH4 ─ CH3CH3Cl C2H6 ─ C2H5C2H5Br C3H8 ─ C3H7C3H7I C4H10 ─ C4H9C4H9OH C5H12 ─ C5H11C5H11OH C6H14 ─ C6H13C6H13OH IUPAC ﺍﻟﻌﻀﻮﻯ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺐ ﻭﻟﺘﺴﻤﻴﺔﳚﺐﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﺮﻭﻁ ﺍﻻﻟﺘﺰﺍﻡ: CH3─CH2─CH2─CH2─CH3 –CH3─CH2─CH─CH3 CH3 Cl- Br- –– AminoNH2─ HydroxyOH─ BromoBr─ IodoI─ ChloroCl─ MethylCH3─ EthylC2H5─ NitroNO2─ FloroF─ PhenylC6H5─ CH3 Cl | | CH3-CH2-C-CH2-CH-CH3 | CH3
- 7. ﺃ/ﺣﺴــــــﻦﻳـﺤﻴـﻰ ٧ ١ H | H – C – Br | H ٢ - Cl | H – C – Cl | Cl ٣ - F | F – C – F | F ٤ --- C F F | F – C – Cl | Cl ٥ CH3 – CH2 | Br ٦ ،- CH2 – CH2 | | Br Br ٧،- Br | CH3─C─H | Br
- 8. ﺃ/ﺣﺴــــــﻦﻳـﺤﻴـﻰ ٨ ٨،،- Cl | CH3─C─Cl | Cl ٩--- CH2─ CH2 | | Br Cl ١٠ ----،، Br F | | H –C ─ C – F | | Cl F ١١- Br | CH3–CH – CH3 ١٢- CH3─CH2─CH2─Cl ١٣،- CH2 – CH – CH3 | | Br Br ١٤،- CH3─CH ─CH─CH3 | | CH3CH2 | CH3 ١٥--- CH3 – CH2 – CH – CH2 – CH – CH2 – CH3 l l CH3 CH2–CH3 ١٦،- CH3 | CH3 – C – CH3 | CH3
- 9. ﺃ/ﺣﺴــــــﻦﻳـﺤﻴـﻰ ٩ ١٧ ،،- CH3–CH–CH2–CH2–CH2–CH–CH3 | | CH3–CH2 CH3–CH–CH3 ١٨ ،،- CH3- CH – CH -CH2 - CH2 – CH -CH3 | | | CH3- CH2 CH3 CH2 - CH3 ١ CH3– CH–CH2– CH2– CH3 | CH3– CH2–CH | CH3 ٢ CH3 CH3 | | CH3–CH2–CH–C—CH–CH2–CH2–CH3 | | CH3 CH3 ٣ CH3–CH─CH–CH3 | | CH3 Br ٤ CH3–CH–CH–CH3 | | C2H5 CH3 ٥ CH3–CH–CH2–CH–CH3 || CH2 CH2 | | CH3 CH3 ٦ -- ٧---
- 10. ﺃ/ﺣﺴــــــﻦﻳـﺤﻴـﻰ ١٠ CH4 , H2 , NH3 O2 , N2 CH4 + Na2CO3CH3 COONa + NaO H )C1 : C4( )C5 : C17( C17 CH4 CH3COONa + NaOH/CaO CaO
- 11. ﺃ/ﺣﺴــــــﻦﻳـﺤﻴـﻰ ١١ Cl | CH3 – C – Cl | Cl CH4+2O2 CO2 + 2H2O + Energy CH4 + 2Cl2 C + 4HCl CH4 + Cl2 CH3Cl + HCl + HClCH2Cl2CH3Cl + Cl2 CHCl3 + HClCl2+CH2Cl2 Cl2 CCl4 + HCl+CHCl3 (CHCl3) ﺸﻤ ﻀﻭﺀﺱ ﻤﺒﺎﺸﺭ ﻣﯿﺜﺎ ﻛﻠﻮرو ﺛﻨﺎﺋﻰن)ﻣﯿﺜﯿﻠﯿﻦ ﻛﻠﻮرﯾﺪ أو( ﻣﯿﺜﺎن ﻛﻠﻮرو ﺛﻼﺛﻰ)ﻛﻠﻮروﻓﻮرم أو( ﻣﯿﺜﺎن ﻛﻠﻮرو رﺑﺎﻋﻰ)أواﻟﻜﺮﺑﻮن ﻛﻠﻮرﯾﺪ راﺑﻊ( ﻣ ﻛﻠﻮرو أﺣﺎدىﯿﺜﺎنأو)ﻣﯿﺜﯿﻞ ﻛﻠﻮرﯾﺪ( ﺸﻤ ﻀﻭﺀﺱ ﻏﻴﺭﻤﺒﺎﺸﺭ ﺸﻤ ﻀﻭﺀﺱ ﻏﻴﺭﻤﺒﺎﺸﺭ ﺸﻤ ﻀﻭﺀﺱ ﻏﻴﺭﻤﺒﺎﺸﺭ ﺸﻤ ﻀﻭﺀﺱ ﻏﻴﺭﻤﺒﺎﺸﺭ
- 12. ﺃ/ﺣﺴــــــﻦﻳـﺤﻴـﻰ ١٢ --- )CF4( )CF2Cl2(- + C4H8C4H10C8H18 CH4 C + 2H2 CH4 + H2O CO + 3H2 ﺗﻜﺴﯿﺮﺣﺮارى ﺣﻔﺰي ﺑﯿﻮﺗـﯿﻦأوﻛﺘــﺎن ﺑﯿﻮﺗــﺎن اﻟﻤﺎﺋﻲ اﻟﻐﺎز ﺣﻔﺰ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ 725 C Br F | | H – C – C – F | | Cl F 1000 ° C
- 13. ﺃ/ﺣﺴــــــﻦﻳـﺤﻴـﻰ ١٣ CH3COO H Na OH CH3 COONa NaO H CaO + Δ Na2CO3 CH4 Cl2 CH3Cl + HCl Cl2 CH2Cl2 + HCl Cl2 CHCl3 + HCl Cl2 CCl4 + HCl C2H2 + Δ ﺑﻤﻌﺰاﻟﮭﻮاء ﻋﻦ ل C4HCl+ CO + 3H2 Δ ﺣﻔﺎز ﻋﺎﻣﻞ + H2O
- 14. ﺃ/ﺣﺴــــــﻦﻳـﺤﻴـﻰ ١٤ (CnH2n) H─C─C─H H─C═C─H + H2O Cl | CH2─CH2─CH═CH2 -- CH2═CH─CH─CH2─CH3 | CH3 -- NaOH H I I OH H I I H H I H IH2SO4
- 15. ﺃ/ﺣﺴــــــﻦﻳـﺤﻴـﻰ ١٥ H─C–C– OH + H SO4H H─C–C–SO4H + H2O H ─C–C–SO4H C═C + H2SO4 )C2:C4( )C5:C15()C15( CCl4 – –:CO2 + H2O C2H4 + 3O2 2CO2 + 2H2O + E – CH2═CH2 + H2 CH3–CH3 80 C H I I H H I I H 180 C I I C C I I π σ Ni or Pt 150 – 300 o c Ni – H I I H H I I H H I I H I H H I I H H I I H H I
- 16. ﺃ/ﺣﺴــــــﻦﻳـﺤﻴـﻰ ١٦ =π CH3─CH═CH─CH═CH─CH3CH3─C≡C─CH3– H─C═C─H + Br2 H–C–C–H – – (HI, HCl, HBr , HX) – H─C═C─H + HBr H–C–C–H – – (H-OSO3H HX) H─C─C═C─H + HBr H–C–C–C–H – I H I H I H I H I H I H Br I H I H I H I H I I Br Br I Br I H I I H H I I H H I I H I H I H
- 17. ﺃ/ﺣﺴــــــﻦﻳـﺤﻴـﻰ ١٧ H2SO4 CH2═CH2 + HSO4H CH3─CH2─SO4H CH3CH2─ SO4H + H OH CH3CH2OH + H2SO4 C2H4 + H2O C2H5OH :H+ H2SO4H+ ( (H2O2) H─C═C─H + HOH + [O] H─C—C─H 110° C H2SO4 KMnO4 110° C 80° C H I H I H I I OH H I I OH
- 18. ﺃ/ﺣﺴــــــﻦﻳـﺤﻴـﻰ ١٨ ( – – H H │ │ H─C═C─H H H │ │ C─C │ │ H H n إﯾﺜﯿﻠﯿﻦ ﺑﻮﻟﻰ H─C ═ C─H │ │ CH3 H H H │ │ C ─ C │ │ CH3 H n ﺑﻮﻟﻰ ﺑﺮوﺑﻠﯿﻦ PP )ﻛﻠﻮرﯾﺪﭬﯿﻨﯿﻞ( H─C═C─H │ │ H Cl H H │ │ C─C │ │ H Cl n إﯾﺜﯿﻦ ﻛﻠﻮرو ﻋﺪﯾﺪ ﺑﻮﻟﻰﭬﯿﻨﯿﻞ ﻛﻠﻮرﯾﺪ PVC – –– F─C═C─ F │ │ F F F F │ │ C─C │ │ F F n ﻋﺪﯾﺪراﺑﻊﻓﻠﻮرو إﯾﺜﯿﻦ ﺗﻔﻠـﻮن –––– C═C + C═C C─C + C─C ─── CH2–CH2–CH2–CH2 ─── H2O2 n H I I H H I I H H I I H H I I H H I I H H I I H H I I H H I I H