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THE INTERFERONS AND
 THEIR RECEPTORS –
  DISTRIBUTION AND
     REGULATION
       KELVIN G. HUAYLLAZO M.
INTRODUCTION

 The IFNs are cytokines which participate in several
  process of the immune system.
 Isaacs (1957, INTERFERence
influenza virus in its growning)
 They are 3 types descript:
  IFN type I
  IFN type II

  Recently IFN type III has been

 described
JAK/STAT SIGNALING




•   JAnus Kinase
•   Signal Transducers and
    Activators               of
    Transcription
•   JAK (-1,-2.-3) y Tyk2
•   STAT (-1.-2.-3.-4.-5a/5b, -
    6)
•   Heterodim, Homodim
•   SOCS (-1.-2,-3)
•   PIAS
INTERFERON RECEPTOR SYSTEMS

IFN    IFNS                                 Receptor   Signaling molecules
type
I      α (13 types), β, δ (pigs), ε, κ, τ   IFNAR1     JAK1, Tyk2 / STAT-1,-2,-3,-4,-5
       (ruminant), ω, δ, ν                  IFNAR2     MAPK, PI3K, Akt, NF-κB, p53,
                                                       PRMT1
II     γ                                    IFNGR1     JAK1, JAK2/ STAT-1,-2,-3,-5
                                            IFNGR2     MAPK, PI3K, Akt, NF-κB
III    λ                                    IFNLR1     JAK1, Tyk2/ STAT-1,-2,-3,-4,-5
                                            IL10RB     MAPK, PI3K, Akt
TYPE I IFN

ESTRUCTURA, SÍNTESIS       VÍAS


 IFN-α: pDCs,  mono       IFN  IFNR 
 IFN-β: Fibroblastos       JAK/STAT
                                IRF-9   ISRE–AN
Estímulos: RNA mc/bc
CpG DNA viral              STAT-1/STAT-1(P)
                              GAS–AN
 Receptores TLR-3,-7,-9
                            MAPK
 Sensores iC (RIG-
  1/MDA-5)  IRF            PI3K
TYPE I IFN

ACCIONES BIOLÓGICAS
 Protección vs Inf. Virus
     Enzimas
         PKR16
         1’5’ OAS/Rnase L18,19
     Señales: Paracrina/Autocrina
 ↑ MHC-I 
   CTL CD8+/NK x IL-12R?

 Th1 favorece expresión IL-12R
 Favorece secuestro de linfocitos en Gang Linf
 Inhibición In vitro de muchas células (Apoptosis, alt metabólica
  enzimática
USOS
 IFN-α Hepatitis, NM Linfomas, Tricoleucemias
 IFN-β Esclerosis múltiple  ?? ¿IL-10?
TYPE II IFN

ESTRUCTURA, SÍNTESIS   VÍAS


 Fuentes:              IFN-γ  M
    M activo          Tbet1 Th1(+)/GATA3
  LB                    Th2(-)
  LT                   IFN  IFNR
                         JAK/STAT 
                            GAS
                        …  STAT1/IRF-1
TYPE II IFN

 IFN-γ LB  PC Switching IgG2a
 MHC-I, MHC-II, Coestimuladores
 Endotelio TNF  Potencia acciones (Adh Lt,
    extravasación)
   Favorece las Rx Inflamatorias
   Inhibe reacciones ricas en Eosinófilos IgE
   Ags tumorales
   Transcripción phox-91 (complejo Oxidasa del M)
   Defensa contra L. donovani, major, Plasmodium
    (resistencia contra esporozoitos)
TYPE III IFN

        IFN-λ1
        IFN-λ2
        IFN-λ3
        ¿Ancestro IFN?
        TLR-8,-9
        JAK/STAT
        HCV >>type I IFNs
        Apoptosis no dep p53
           MHC-I, 2’5’OAS, MxA
IFN & TISSUES
PATHWAYS OF IFN SIGNALING

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The interferons and their receptors – distribution and

  • 1. THE INTERFERONS AND THEIR RECEPTORS – DISTRIBUTION AND REGULATION KELVIN G. HUAYLLAZO M.
  • 2. INTRODUCTION  The IFNs are cytokines which participate in several process of the immune system.  Isaacs (1957, INTERFERence influenza virus in its growning)  They are 3 types descript:  IFN type I  IFN type II  Recently IFN type III has been described
  • 3. JAK/STAT SIGNALING • JAnus Kinase • Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription • JAK (-1,-2.-3) y Tyk2 • STAT (-1.-2.-3.-4.-5a/5b, - 6) • Heterodim, Homodim • SOCS (-1.-2,-3) • PIAS
  • 4. INTERFERON RECEPTOR SYSTEMS IFN IFNS Receptor Signaling molecules type I α (13 types), β, δ (pigs), ε, κ, τ IFNAR1 JAK1, Tyk2 / STAT-1,-2,-3,-4,-5 (ruminant), ω, δ, ν IFNAR2 MAPK, PI3K, Akt, NF-κB, p53, PRMT1 II γ IFNGR1 JAK1, JAK2/ STAT-1,-2,-3,-5 IFNGR2 MAPK, PI3K, Akt, NF-κB III λ IFNLR1 JAK1, Tyk2/ STAT-1,-2,-3,-4,-5 IL10RB MAPK, PI3K, Akt
  • 5. TYPE I IFN ESTRUCTURA, SÍNTESIS VÍAS  IFN-α: pDCs,  mono  IFN  IFNR   IFN-β: Fibroblastos JAK/STAT   IRF-9   ISRE–AN Estímulos: RNA mc/bc CpG DNA viral   STAT-1/STAT-1(P)  GAS–AN  Receptores TLR-3,-7,-9  MAPK  Sensores iC (RIG- 1/MDA-5)  IRF  PI3K
  • 6. TYPE I IFN ACCIONES BIOLÓGICAS  Protección vs Inf. Virus  Enzimas  PKR16  1’5’ OAS/Rnase L18,19  Señales: Paracrina/Autocrina  ↑ MHC-I   CTL CD8+/NK x IL-12R?  Th1 favorece expresión IL-12R  Favorece secuestro de linfocitos en Gang Linf  Inhibición In vitro de muchas células (Apoptosis, alt metabólica enzimática USOS  IFN-α Hepatitis, NM Linfomas, Tricoleucemias  IFN-β Esclerosis múltiple  ?? ¿IL-10?
  • 7. TYPE II IFN ESTRUCTURA, SÍNTESIS VÍAS  Fuentes:  IFN-γ  M  M activo  Tbet1 Th1(+)/GATA3  LB Th2(-)  LT  IFN  IFNR JAK/STAT   GAS  …  STAT1/IRF-1
  • 8. TYPE II IFN  IFN-γ LB  PC Switching IgG2a  MHC-I, MHC-II, Coestimuladores  Endotelio TNF  Potencia acciones (Adh Lt, extravasación)  Favorece las Rx Inflamatorias  Inhibe reacciones ricas en Eosinófilos IgE  Ags tumorales  Transcripción phox-91 (complejo Oxidasa del M)  Defensa contra L. donovani, major, Plasmodium (resistencia contra esporozoitos)
  • 9. TYPE III IFN  IFN-λ1  IFN-λ2  IFN-λ3  ¿Ancestro IFN?  TLR-8,-9  JAK/STAT  HCV >>type I IFNs  Apoptosis no dep p53  MHC-I, 2’5’OAS, MxA
  • 11. PATHWAYS OF IFN SIGNALING