7. How the Break Down Occurs:
• P450 Enzymes
–Metabolize drugs and chemicals in the
body.
–Found mostly in the intestines and
liver.
8. P450 Enzyme System
• Activate or inactivate the drug
• Increase or decrease toxicity
• Increase or decrease effectiveness
• Increase excretion
9.
10. Special Considerations
• Age
– Neonates have decreased metabolism
– Children have increased metabolism
– Elderly have decreased metabolism
• Nutritional Status
– Malnourished patients have an increased risk of
toxicity
• Competition between drugs
– Inhibition vs. Induction
11.
12. Why is this Important?
• Nurses must be knowledgeable
about metabolism because it is our
job to prevent:
– Adverse Effects
– Drug Interactions
– Organ Damage
13.
14. Our Goal
• To provide maximum
benefits with minimal
harm.
15. References
Anderson, Peter L. "The ABCs of Pharmacokinetics." TheBody.com. Test
Positive Aware Network, 2005. Web. 30 Aug. 2012.
<http://www.thebody.com/content/art875.html>.
"Drug Metabolism." The Free Dictionary. Farlex, n.d. Web. 30 Aug. 2012.
<http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Drug metabolism>.
Lehne, Richard A. "Pharmacokinetics." Pharmacology for Nursing Care.
8th ed. St. Louis, MO: Elsevier/Saunders, 2013. 38-40. Print.
• Le, Jennifer. "Drug Metabolism: Pharmacokinetics: Merck Manual
Professional." Drug Metabolism: Pharmacokinetics: Merck
Manual Professional. The Merck Manual, July 2012. Web. 30 Aug.
2012.
<http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/clinical_pharm
acology/pharmacokinetics/drug_metabolism.html>.
