Measuring a nation&#x27;s income

Home detention based sanctions with electronic monitoring have expanded throughout the Western world on the basis of plentiful and rigorous conditions and strict surveillance and monitoring mechanisms, which encompass various electronic monitoring devices. These are imposed on offenders to strictly control their movement and more generally to protect the community. A plethora of research has focused on the effectiveness-related issues of home detention based sanctions, but there has been limited research on how offenders relate to punishment on these sanctions. This paper therefore analyses the impact of ‘electronically monitored incarceration at home’ on offenders, and it attempts to fill a significant gap in criminological research. A qualitative analysis of Western world studies has indicated that conditions of home detention with electronic monitoring impact on the offenders’ life in terms of three main influences: restrictions/obligations, facilitating control factors, and the combined effects of these. Restrictions/obligations are directly imposed on offenders with the primary purpose of punishing and to a lesser extent rehabilitating them; these include limiting movements, monetary obligations, and the enforcement of a pro-social lifestyle. The facilitating control factors refer to the imposition of stringent controls that monitor offenders’ compliance with the restrictions/obligations. Finally, the combined burdensome effects result from compliance with restrictions/obligations and facilitating control factors. These include under-duress social interaction, exposure to temptations, persistent alertness and feelings of insecurity. Consistent with social learning and social bond theories, this paper has found that although offenders find the enforced changes to their lifestyle ‘penalising’, in the majority of cases, home detention seems to, strengthen offenders’ ties with conventional society, provide them with an ability to handle real life stresses, and create a desire to live a pro-social lifestyle.

Exploring the multifarious penalising impacts of electronically monitored hom...

Care or case management provides outreach and engagement, problem assessment and understanding, service planning of goals and objectives, advocacy and care coordination, referrals to resource, and monitoring plan progress and problem resolution. One major problem is clients’ adherence to service plans, with adherence failures ranging from about 24% to 90%. Recent technology has raised interest in using mobile smartphones to improve outcomes for clients receiving care management. The goal of the Teleherence project was to improve client mental health outcomes including empowerment, self-efficacy, and clinician-client relationships by increasing their adherence to treatment and services using prediction technology and web-enabled telecommunications between clinicians, clients, and clients’ family and friends. The Teleherence system allows clinicians to automatically provide voice or text communication with clients. The system could deliver a series of voice or text statements as well as questions that could accept responses from clients, and based on these responses, branch to additional statements or questions or perform other tasks such as playing an audio file. Four applications of Teleherence found that while potential benefits can be had, many agencies have antiquated computing systems, are constantly threatened with budget cuts and reorganization, have non-standard interventions, and have high staff turnover making a sophisticated automated system difficulty to integrate into existing services. Adapting internet and mobile technology into services takes resources that agencies often prefer to devote to additional services, especially if no research establishes the effectiveness and cost savings of web-phone technologies. Finally, the security and privacy of client data is a constant struggle for agencies and researchers. All these concerns can derail service automation efforts. This presentation suggests the road ahead in human services web-phone automation offers much potential, but is usually difficult, time consuming, and can substantially change how services are delivered.

Final results of the teleherence web-mobile-phone system to support client tr...

Social workers and other professionals are increasingly using social media in their professional lives as a way to network, serve clients, share information, or find information. Education about technology and social media in social work is often integrated sporadically in to programs, and based on the comfort level or experience of instructors. This research aims to understand the beliefs and practices of social work students who have completed a social work field placement in an accredited program. Participants responded to survey questions which explore their beliefs about appropriate use of social media in the workplace, as well as the level of training they received in their academic programs and work sites. This study reports on feedback from over 100 students and recent social work graduates. The data offers information about the use of social media in their personal lives and use in field placements, and offer insight in to the widely disperse beliefs of students about whether and when it is appropriate to search for or engage with clients using social media. Data is shared related to student perceptions of agency beliefs around social media use and the need for ongoing education. Two thirds of respondents check their social media sites multiple times each day, and forty percent are on social media during work hours. A third of them search for clients online. Almost half believe that it is acceptable to search for client information on social media for the sake of curiosity. Despite these figures, half of respondents do not know whether their agency permits seeking out or connecting with clients via social media. Qualitative responses indicate the strong polarized feelings of students about appropriate uses of social media. Implications for training and education are discussed.

Social work student beliefs about social media: Implications for education an...

Measuring a nation's income

The percentage of Internet users in China has increased from 8.5% in 2005 to 36.2% in 2011. Shanghai has reached 64.5% in the proportion of Internet users among its population in 2010. In an increasingly digitally-connected society, access to the Internet for all is a great challenge for most countries. The digital divide experienced by children in low-income families poses very serious threat to social development. Another indirect consequence of the digital divide that hinders the Internet access of children in low-income families is their parent’s inadequate Internet knowledge and negative perception about the Internet. Some hesitate to install computer and Internet access, which are expensive items for them, at home. Even when there is Internet access at home, without parents’ proper guidance, and involvement, children would easily be attracted to games, social media, and entertainments. This creates tensions and frustrations between parents and children when parents attempt to direct their children’s attention to their studies. The tensions might actually ruin the purpose of helping children to benefit from the use of the Internet as children react negatively to the demands and control of parents. This paper presents the findings of study involving a representative sample of low-income and ordinary households with children (10-17) in Shanghai (800 families each). It unveils the parental factors and within-family dynamics that exacerbate the effect of digital divide among children in low-income families in their educational and social outcome in Shanghai, and identify policy options that could effectively address the problem in Shanghai, and other parts of China.

Digital divide challenges in low-income families with children: The case of S...

Social work practice in rural Australia faces high staff turnover, burnout and difficulties in recruitment and retention (Cuss 2005). A lack of supervision and professional development opportunities have been identified as contributing to the situation of recruitment and retention difficulties (Green, 2003). This study aimed to explore the effectiveness of peer supervision in rural and remote Australia, using technology. The qualitative research described here reports on the process of peer supervision in virtual teams in rural and remote Australia over a twelve month period. Pre and post-trial individual interviews; monthly group supervision sessions; online evaluations of the peer group supervision experience and focus groups were conducted providing rich data of the experience of participants. Two overarching findings were evident and then seven themes were identified. The two overarching findings were that firstly, supervision with peers in groups facilitated good quality supervision; and secondly, that difference in social work contexts and agencies value-added to the peer group supervision experience. A thematic analysis identified seven themes. These are connectedness with like-minded professionals; support; education; reflection on practice; structure and process; technology and the challenges of time, preparation and priority. Significant findings include the apparent erosion of traditional social work supervision models in the workplace in rural, remote and regional Australia; the success of grouping peers selected from different agencies together; the value of connectedness with like-minded professionals and of structure in providing a safe space for ongoing learning, reflection on practice, professional development and support to be effective. The ease and access afforded by the use of simple technology is noteworthy. The validity of peer supervision groups as a supervision option of choice is recommended for rural, regional and remote contexts. These findings have significant implications for the retention of social workers in rural, remote and regional Australia.

Exploring peer supervision in virtual teams in rural and remote Australia.

Technology is ‘nothing new’. The human timeline is steeped in the acquisition, development and utilization of tools that have extended our limits, helped us adapt to changing environments, and transformed our societies. The exponential rise of communicative and ‘social’ technology in recent years is the manifestation of a long and deep relationship between people and their devices. In contemporary society, where technological advances are exponential, this intersection of the ‘digital’ and the ‘social’ creates an important space for professional practice dialogue. While much of the popular discourse centers on the adoption of technology for service provision, or on issues of access and equity for service users, the principles that underpin the development and implementation of these technologies must also be understood and critiqued in light of our own professional values. For social workers in a large government department, technological change has been rapid and unavoidable. Government services are adapting to the radical (sometimes fundamental) remapping of social, cultural, political and economic structures brought about by the Digital Age. For a number of practitioners, this journey has resulted in a dynamic interaction of values, through both interplay and collision. This paper uses cooperative enquiry to draw on the emerging practice wisdom of those heavily engaged within a new (often unknown) environment, as well as a broad range of literature, to consider the similarities and differences between modern social work values and those of the Digital Age. The ways in which social workers continue to operate from a base of social justice, self-determination and engagement, while using technologies designed for efficiency, rapidity and connectivity, will also be explored.

Synching spaces: Exploring the interplay and collision of social work values ...

The purpose of this study is to understand the relationship between new media literacy (NML) and digital participation among social work educators and students who use information and communication technologies such as social media. The study replicates the validity and reliability of a newly developed assessment tool for self-reported media literacy levels. The hypotheses state: higher levels of NML will predict a higher degree of engagement with media, and that there will be a significant difference in the level of NML between social work students and educators. The methodology for this study utilized a new survey instrument consisting of 12 separate subscales (Literat, 2011) that correspond to the 12 NML skills identified by Jenkins, Clinton, Purushotma, Robison, & Weigel (2009).To assess the psychometric properties of this new assessment tool, factor analysis was performed to assess the reliability of the measure in addition to correlating the scales with several variables that media literacy should predict, such as degree of participation, extent of user engagement with creative multimedia projects and so forth. Comparing results of the participants’ scores assists in drawing conclusions about the research questions and standardizing the instrument. The survey was constructed using the Qualtrics survey software. Each participant that completed the survey was given a score indicating his or her level of New Media Literacy. Participants were evaluated on a range of 0 – 300, which corresponds to one of four categories of New Media Literacy. Data was collected over four months using social work list serves and social media websites. Results indicate students (N=155) NML levels are higher than that of educators (N=120), and students participate more frequently in social media than do educators. This study demonstrates the need to incorporate new media literacy into the social work curriculum to address the changing nature of social work practice.

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Roxanne Paguinto

Assessing new media literacies in social work education.

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Lenses

Assessing new media literacies in social work education.

laporan penguat non inverting

Lenses

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Jazz chants

Applications of computers in law enforcement and government

The strategic management process(an overview)

Balayan colleges field trip 2011!