Covid 19 has played a devastating role in the tourism and hospitality industry. Since the inception of the pandemic caused by covid19, the hospitality, and tourism industry has suffered a lot of loss due to a decline in arriving tourists, visiting hotel guests, aviation operations, and various government strategies which were meant to control the spread of the virus also contributed to the loss of tourism and hospitality industry where we saw lockdown, social distancing, home quarantine, etc as some of the measures for the same. This, in turn, has impacted the hospitality and tourism industry by causing a dip in their revenues and incurring losses making many of the employees jobless. On the other hand, we also witnessed an excessive spike in online transactions comprising ordering of food, groceries, medicines, etc. more than before the pandemic. This certainly created hope for the food operators and created light of hope for the tourism industry too. Being hygienic and safe apart from virtual and digital became the new normal post covid19. Covid19 also made us realize while we all stayed at home most of the time, about the importance of nature, atmosphere, the upkeep of the environment, etc. as a new way of looking at our society and life at large. In this article, the researcher will attempt to explore the various effects of a pandemic on the tourism and hotel industry on their operations causing the possible novel ways of maintaining the businesses of tourism and hotels to post covid19. The researcher will also attempt to gather the data with the help of a critical literature review from quality research items, reports, articles, and journals available online. For the same purpose, the researcher proposes to use google scholar as one of the prime search databases among others for the data collection. The research article intends to explore and discuss novel views and ways that became a need of the tourism and hospitality industry post covid 19. Mr. Abhimanyu Awasthi | Mr. Akshay Nain | Mr. Abhishek Roy "Responsible Tourism: A Need of Tourism & Hospitality Industry Post Covid-19" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-3 , April 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd49708.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/49708/responsible-tourism-a-need-of-tourism-and-hospitality-industry-post-covid19/mr-abhimanyu-awasthi
‘Six Sigma Technique’ A Journey Through its Implementationijtsrd
The manufacturing industries all over the world are facing tough challenges for growth, development and sustainability in today’s competitive environment. They have to achieve apex position by adapting with the global competitive environment by delivering goods and services at low cost, prime quality and better price to increase wealth and consumer satisfaction. Cost Management ensures profit, growth and sustainability of the business with implementation of Continuous Improvement Technique like Six Sigma. This leads to optimize Business performance. The method drives for customer satisfaction, low variation, reduction in waste and cycle time resulting into a competitive advantage over other industries which did not implement it. The main objective of this paper ‘Six Sigma Technique A Journey Through Its Implementation’ is to conceptualize the effectiveness of Six Sigma Technique through the journey of its implementation. Aditi Sunilkumar Ghosalkar "‘Six Sigma Technique’: A Journey Through its Implementation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64546.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64546/‘six-sigma-technique’-a-journey-through-its-implementation/aditi-sunilkumar-ghosalkar
Edge Computing in Space Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space...ijtsrd
Edge computing, a paradigm that involves processing data closer to its source, has gained significant attention for its potential to revolutionize data processing and communication in space missions. With the increasing complexity and data volume generated by modern space missions, traditional centralized computing approaches face challenges related to latency, bandwidth, and security. Edge computing in space, involving on board processing and analysis of data, offers promising solutions to these challenges. This paper explores the concept of edge computing in space, its benefits, applications, and future prospects in enhancing space missions. Manish Verma "Edge Computing in Space: Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space Missions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64541.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/64541/edge-computing-in-space-enhancing-data-processing-and-communication-for-space-missions/manish-verma
Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India Challenges and Prospectsijtsrd
Communal politics in India has evolved through centuries, weaving a complex tapestry shaped by historical legacies, colonial influences, and contemporary socio political transformations. This research comprehensively examines the dynamics of communal politics in 21st century India, emphasizing its historical roots, socio political dynamics, economic implications, challenges, and prospects for mitigation. The historical perspective unravels the intricate interplay of religious identities and power dynamics from ancient civilizations to the impact of colonial rule, providing insights into the evolution of communalism. The socio political dynamics section delves into the contemporary manifestations, exploring the roles of identity politics, socio economic disparities, and globalization. The economic implications section highlights how communal politics intersects with economic issues, perpetuating disparities and influencing resource allocation. Challenges posed by communal politics are scrutinized, revealing multifaceted issues ranging from social fragmentation to threats against democratic values. The prospects for mitigation present a multifaceted approach, incorporating policy interventions, community engagement, and educational initiatives. The paper conducts a comparative analysis with international examples, identifying common patterns such as identity politics and economic disparities. It also examines unique challenges, emphasizing Indias diverse religious landscape, historical legacy, and secular framework. Lessons for effective strategies are drawn from international experiences, offering insights into inclusive policies, interfaith dialogue, media regulation, and global cooperation. By scrutinizing historical epochs, contemporary dynamics, economic implications, and international comparisons, this research provides a comprehensive understanding of communal politics in India. The proposed strategies for mitigation underscore the importance of a holistic approach to foster social harmony, inclusivity, and democratic values. Rose Hossain "Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India: Challenges and Prospects" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64528.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/history/64528/dynamics-of-communal-politics-in-21st-century-india-challenges-and-prospects/rose-hossain
Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in...ijtsrd
Background and Objective Telehealth has become a well known tool for the delivery of health care in Saudi Arabia, and the perspective and knowledge of healthcare providers are influential in the implementation, adoption and advancement of the method. This systematic review was conducted to examine the current literature base regarding telehealth and the related healthcare professional perspective and knowledge in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods This systematic review was conducted by searching 7 databases including, MEDLINE, CINHAL, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, PsycINFO, and ProQuest Central. Studies on healthcare practitioners telehealth knowledge and perspectives published in English in Saudi Arabia from 2000 to 2023 were included. Boland directed this comprehensive review. The researchers examined each connected study using the AXIS tool, which evaluates cross sectional systematic reviews. Narrative synthesis was used to summarise and convey the data. Results Out of 1840 search results, 10 studies were included. Positive outlook and limited knowledge among providers were seen across trials. Healthcare professionals like telehealth for its ability to improve quality, access, and delivery, save time and money, and be successful. Age, gender, occupation, and work experience also affect health workers knowledge. In Saudi Arabia, healthcare professionals face inadequate expert assistance, patient privacy, internet connection concerns, lack of training courses, lack of telehealth understanding, and high costs while performing telemedicine. Conclusions Healthcare practitioners telehealth perceptions and knowledge were examined in this systematic study. Its collection of concerned experts different personal attitudes and expertise would help enhance telehealths implementation in Saudi Arabia, develop its healthcare delivery alternative, and eliminate frequent problems. Badriah Mousa I Mulayhi | Dr. Jomin George | Judy Jenkins "Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64535.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/64535/assess-perspective-and-knowledge-of-healthcare-providers-towards-elehealth-in-saudi-arabia-a-systematic-review/badriah-mousa-i-mulayhi
The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion ...ijtsrd
The impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has gained considerable attention in recent years. The adoption of digital technologies and the internet has resulted in declining influence and power for traditional gatekeepers such as publishing houses and news organizations. Simultaneously, digital media has facilitated the emergence of new voices and players in the media industry. Digital medias impact on power decentralization and gatekeeper erosion is visible in several ways. One significant aspect is the democratization of information, which enables anyone with an internet connection to publish and share content globally, leading to citizen journalism and bypassing traditional gatekeepers. Another aspect is the disruption of conventional media industry business models, as traditional organizations struggle to adjust to the decrease in advertising revenue and the rise of digital platforms. Alternative business models, such as subscription models and crowdfunding, have become more prevalent, leading to the emergence of new players. Overall, the impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has brought about significant changes in the media landscape and the way information is shared. Further research is required to fully comprehend the implications of these changes and their impact on society. Dr. Kusum Lata "The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion of Traditional Gatekeepers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64544.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64544/the-impact-of-digital-media-on-the-decentralization-of-power-and-the-erosion-of-traditional-gatekeepers/dr-kusum-lata
Online Voices, Offline Impact Ambedkars Ideals and Socio Political Inclusion ...ijtsrd
This research investigates the nexus between online discussions on Dr. B.R. Ambedkars ideals and their impact on social inclusion among college students in Gurugram, Haryana. Surveying 240 students from 12 government colleges, findings indicate that 65 actively engage in online discussions, with 80 demonstrating moderate to high awareness of Ambedkars ideals. Statistically significant correlations reveal that higher online engagement correlates with increased awareness p 0.05 and perceived social inclusion. Variations across colleges and a notable effect of college type on perceived social inclusion highlight the influence of contextual factors. Furthermore, the intersectional analysis underscores nuanced differences based on gender, caste, and socio economic status. Dr. Kusum Lata "Online Voices, Offline Impact: Ambedkar's Ideals and Socio-Political Inclusion - A Study of Gurugram District" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64543.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64543/online-voices-offline-impact-ambedkars-ideals-and-sociopolitical-inclusion--a-study-of-gurugram-district/dr-kusum-lata
Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship A Studyijtsrd
Noting calls for contextualizing Agro entrepreneurs problems and challenges of the agro entrepreneurs and for greater attention to the Role of entrepreneurs in agro entrepreneurship research, we conduct a systematic literature review of extent research in agriculture entrepreneurship to overcome the study objectives of complications of agro entrepreneurs through various factors, Development of agriculture products is a key factor for the overall economic growth of agro entrepreneurs Agro Entrepreneurs produces firsthand large scale employment, utilizes the labor and natural resources, This research outlines the problems of Weather and Soil Erosions, Market price fluctuation, stimulates labor cost problems, reduces concentration of Price volatility, Dependency on Intermediaries, induces Limited Bargaining Power, and Storage and Transportation Costs. This paper mainly devoted to highlight Problems and challenges faced for the sustainable of Agro Entrepreneurs in India. Vinay Prasad B "Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship - A Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64540.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64540/problems-and-challenges-of-agro-entreprenurship--a-study/vinay-prasad-b
Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies o...ijtsrd
Disclosure is a process through which a business enterprise communicates with external parties. A corporate disclosure is communication of financial and non financial information of the activities of a business enterprise to the interested entities. Corporate disclosure is done through publishing annual reports. So corporate disclosure through annual reports plays a vital role in the life of all the companies and provides valuable information to investors. The basic objectives of corporate disclosure is to give a true and fair view of companies to the parties related either directly or indirectly like owner, government, creditors, shareholders etc. in the companies act, provisions have been made about mandatory and voluntary disclosure. The IT sector in India is rapidly growing, the trend to invest in the IT sector is rising and employment opportunities in IT sectors are also increasing. Therefore the IT sector is expected to have fair, full and adequate disclosure of all information. Unfair and incomplete disclosure may adversely affect the entire economy. A research study on disclosure practices of IT companies could play an important role in this regard. Hence, the present research study has been done to study and review comparative analysis of total corporate disclosure of selected IT companies of India and to put forward overall findings and suggestions with a view to increase disclosure score of these companies. The researcher hopes that the present research study will be helpful to all selected Companies for improving level of corporate disclosure through annual reports as well as the government, creditors, investors, all business organizations and upcoming researcher for comparative analyses of level of corporate disclosure with special reference to selected IT companies. Dr. Vaibhavi D. Thaker "Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies of India" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64539.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64539/comparative-analysis-of-total-corporate-disclosure-of-selected-it-companies-of-india/dr-vaibhavi-d-thaker
‘Six Sigma Technique’ A Journey Through its Implementationijtsrd
The manufacturing industries all over the world are facing tough challenges for growth, development and sustainability in today’s competitive environment. They have to achieve apex position by adapting with the global competitive environment by delivering goods and services at low cost, prime quality and better price to increase wealth and consumer satisfaction. Cost Management ensures profit, growth and sustainability of the business with implementation of Continuous Improvement Technique like Six Sigma. This leads to optimize Business performance. The method drives for customer satisfaction, low variation, reduction in waste and cycle time resulting into a competitive advantage over other industries which did not implement it. The main objective of this paper ‘Six Sigma Technique A Journey Through Its Implementation’ is to conceptualize the effectiveness of Six Sigma Technique through the journey of its implementation. Aditi Sunilkumar Ghosalkar "‘Six Sigma Technique’: A Journey Through its Implementation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64546.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64546/‘six-sigma-technique’-a-journey-through-its-implementation/aditi-sunilkumar-ghosalkar
Edge Computing in Space Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space...ijtsrd
Edge computing, a paradigm that involves processing data closer to its source, has gained significant attention for its potential to revolutionize data processing and communication in space missions. With the increasing complexity and data volume generated by modern space missions, traditional centralized computing approaches face challenges related to latency, bandwidth, and security. Edge computing in space, involving on board processing and analysis of data, offers promising solutions to these challenges. This paper explores the concept of edge computing in space, its benefits, applications, and future prospects in enhancing space missions. Manish Verma "Edge Computing in Space: Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space Missions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64541.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/64541/edge-computing-in-space-enhancing-data-processing-and-communication-for-space-missions/manish-verma
Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India Challenges and Prospectsijtsrd
Communal politics in India has evolved through centuries, weaving a complex tapestry shaped by historical legacies, colonial influences, and contemporary socio political transformations. This research comprehensively examines the dynamics of communal politics in 21st century India, emphasizing its historical roots, socio political dynamics, economic implications, challenges, and prospects for mitigation. The historical perspective unravels the intricate interplay of religious identities and power dynamics from ancient civilizations to the impact of colonial rule, providing insights into the evolution of communalism. The socio political dynamics section delves into the contemporary manifestations, exploring the roles of identity politics, socio economic disparities, and globalization. The economic implications section highlights how communal politics intersects with economic issues, perpetuating disparities and influencing resource allocation. Challenges posed by communal politics are scrutinized, revealing multifaceted issues ranging from social fragmentation to threats against democratic values. The prospects for mitigation present a multifaceted approach, incorporating policy interventions, community engagement, and educational initiatives. The paper conducts a comparative analysis with international examples, identifying common patterns such as identity politics and economic disparities. It also examines unique challenges, emphasizing Indias diverse religious landscape, historical legacy, and secular framework. Lessons for effective strategies are drawn from international experiences, offering insights into inclusive policies, interfaith dialogue, media regulation, and global cooperation. By scrutinizing historical epochs, contemporary dynamics, economic implications, and international comparisons, this research provides a comprehensive understanding of communal politics in India. The proposed strategies for mitigation underscore the importance of a holistic approach to foster social harmony, inclusivity, and democratic values. Rose Hossain "Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India: Challenges and Prospects" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64528.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/history/64528/dynamics-of-communal-politics-in-21st-century-india-challenges-and-prospects/rose-hossain
Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in...ijtsrd
Background and Objective Telehealth has become a well known tool for the delivery of health care in Saudi Arabia, and the perspective and knowledge of healthcare providers are influential in the implementation, adoption and advancement of the method. This systematic review was conducted to examine the current literature base regarding telehealth and the related healthcare professional perspective and knowledge in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods This systematic review was conducted by searching 7 databases including, MEDLINE, CINHAL, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, PsycINFO, and ProQuest Central. Studies on healthcare practitioners telehealth knowledge and perspectives published in English in Saudi Arabia from 2000 to 2023 were included. Boland directed this comprehensive review. The researchers examined each connected study using the AXIS tool, which evaluates cross sectional systematic reviews. Narrative synthesis was used to summarise and convey the data. Results Out of 1840 search results, 10 studies were included. Positive outlook and limited knowledge among providers were seen across trials. Healthcare professionals like telehealth for its ability to improve quality, access, and delivery, save time and money, and be successful. Age, gender, occupation, and work experience also affect health workers knowledge. In Saudi Arabia, healthcare professionals face inadequate expert assistance, patient privacy, internet connection concerns, lack of training courses, lack of telehealth understanding, and high costs while performing telemedicine. Conclusions Healthcare practitioners telehealth perceptions and knowledge were examined in this systematic study. Its collection of concerned experts different personal attitudes and expertise would help enhance telehealths implementation in Saudi Arabia, develop its healthcare delivery alternative, and eliminate frequent problems. Badriah Mousa I Mulayhi | Dr. Jomin George | Judy Jenkins "Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64535.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/64535/assess-perspective-and-knowledge-of-healthcare-providers-towards-elehealth-in-saudi-arabia-a-systematic-review/badriah-mousa-i-mulayhi
The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion ...ijtsrd
The impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has gained considerable attention in recent years. The adoption of digital technologies and the internet has resulted in declining influence and power for traditional gatekeepers such as publishing houses and news organizations. Simultaneously, digital media has facilitated the emergence of new voices and players in the media industry. Digital medias impact on power decentralization and gatekeeper erosion is visible in several ways. One significant aspect is the democratization of information, which enables anyone with an internet connection to publish and share content globally, leading to citizen journalism and bypassing traditional gatekeepers. Another aspect is the disruption of conventional media industry business models, as traditional organizations struggle to adjust to the decrease in advertising revenue and the rise of digital platforms. Alternative business models, such as subscription models and crowdfunding, have become more prevalent, leading to the emergence of new players. Overall, the impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has brought about significant changes in the media landscape and the way information is shared. Further research is required to fully comprehend the implications of these changes and their impact on society. Dr. Kusum Lata "The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion of Traditional Gatekeepers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64544.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64544/the-impact-of-digital-media-on-the-decentralization-of-power-and-the-erosion-of-traditional-gatekeepers/dr-kusum-lata
Online Voices, Offline Impact Ambedkars Ideals and Socio Political Inclusion ...ijtsrd
This research investigates the nexus between online discussions on Dr. B.R. Ambedkars ideals and their impact on social inclusion among college students in Gurugram, Haryana. Surveying 240 students from 12 government colleges, findings indicate that 65 actively engage in online discussions, with 80 demonstrating moderate to high awareness of Ambedkars ideals. Statistically significant correlations reveal that higher online engagement correlates with increased awareness p 0.05 and perceived social inclusion. Variations across colleges and a notable effect of college type on perceived social inclusion highlight the influence of contextual factors. Furthermore, the intersectional analysis underscores nuanced differences based on gender, caste, and socio economic status. Dr. Kusum Lata "Online Voices, Offline Impact: Ambedkar's Ideals and Socio-Political Inclusion - A Study of Gurugram District" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64543.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64543/online-voices-offline-impact-ambedkars-ideals-and-sociopolitical-inclusion--a-study-of-gurugram-district/dr-kusum-lata
Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship A Studyijtsrd
Noting calls for contextualizing Agro entrepreneurs problems and challenges of the agro entrepreneurs and for greater attention to the Role of entrepreneurs in agro entrepreneurship research, we conduct a systematic literature review of extent research in agriculture entrepreneurship to overcome the study objectives of complications of agro entrepreneurs through various factors, Development of agriculture products is a key factor for the overall economic growth of agro entrepreneurs Agro Entrepreneurs produces firsthand large scale employment, utilizes the labor and natural resources, This research outlines the problems of Weather and Soil Erosions, Market price fluctuation, stimulates labor cost problems, reduces concentration of Price volatility, Dependency on Intermediaries, induces Limited Bargaining Power, and Storage and Transportation Costs. This paper mainly devoted to highlight Problems and challenges faced for the sustainable of Agro Entrepreneurs in India. Vinay Prasad B "Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship - A Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64540.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64540/problems-and-challenges-of-agro-entreprenurship--a-study/vinay-prasad-b
Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies o...ijtsrd
Disclosure is a process through which a business enterprise communicates with external parties. A corporate disclosure is communication of financial and non financial information of the activities of a business enterprise to the interested entities. Corporate disclosure is done through publishing annual reports. So corporate disclosure through annual reports plays a vital role in the life of all the companies and provides valuable information to investors. The basic objectives of corporate disclosure is to give a true and fair view of companies to the parties related either directly or indirectly like owner, government, creditors, shareholders etc. in the companies act, provisions have been made about mandatory and voluntary disclosure. The IT sector in India is rapidly growing, the trend to invest in the IT sector is rising and employment opportunities in IT sectors are also increasing. Therefore the IT sector is expected to have fair, full and adequate disclosure of all information. Unfair and incomplete disclosure may adversely affect the entire economy. A research study on disclosure practices of IT companies could play an important role in this regard. Hence, the present research study has been done to study and review comparative analysis of total corporate disclosure of selected IT companies of India and to put forward overall findings and suggestions with a view to increase disclosure score of these companies. The researcher hopes that the present research study will be helpful to all selected Companies for improving level of corporate disclosure through annual reports as well as the government, creditors, investors, all business organizations and upcoming researcher for comparative analyses of level of corporate disclosure with special reference to selected IT companies. Dr. Vaibhavi D. Thaker "Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies of India" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64539.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64539/comparative-analysis-of-total-corporate-disclosure-of-selected-it-companies-of-india/dr-vaibhavi-d-thaker
The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Right...ijtsrd
This study investigated the impact of educational background and professional training on human rights awareness among secondary school teachers in the Marathwada region of Maharashtra, India. The key findings reveal that higher levels of education, particularly a master’s degree, and fields of study related to education, humanities, or social sciences are associated with greater human rights awareness among teachers. Additionally, both pre service teacher training and in service professional development programs focused on human rights education significantly enhance teacher’s knowledge, skills, and competencies in promoting human rights principles in their classrooms. Baig Ameer Bee Mirza Abdul Aziz | Dr. Syed Azaz Ali Amjad Ali "The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Rights Awareness among Secondary School Teachers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64529.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64529/the-impact-of-educational-background-and-professional-training-on-human-rights-awareness-among-secondary-school-teachers/baig-ameer-bee-mirza-abdul-aziz
A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at t...ijtsrd
“One Language sets you in a corridor for life. Two languages open every door along the way” Frank Smith English as a foreign language or as a second language has been ruling in India since the period of Lord Macaulay. But the question is how much we teach or learn English properly in our culture. Is there any scope to use English as a language rather than a subject How much we learn or teach English without any interference of mother language specially in the classroom teaching learning scenario in West Bengal By considering all these issues the researcher has attempted in this article to focus on the effective teaching learning process comparing to other traditional strategies in the field of English curriculum at the secondary level to investigate whether they fulfill the present teaching learning requirements or not by examining the validity of the present curriculum of English. The purpose of this study is to focus on the effectiveness of the systematic, scientific, sequential and logical transaction of the course between the teachers and the learners in the perspective of the 5Es programme that is engage, explore, explain, extend and evaluate. Sanchali Mondal | Santinath Sarkar "A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at the Secondary Level of West Bengal" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd62412.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/62412/a-study-on-the-effective-teaching-learning-process-in-english-curriculum-at-the-secondary-level-of-west-bengal/sanchali-mondal
The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching ...ijtsrd
This paper reports on a study which was conducted to investigate the role of mentoring and its influence on the effectiveness of the teaching of Physics in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. The study adopted the convergent parallel mixed methods design, focusing on respondents in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected, analysed separately, and the results were compared to see if the findings confirm or disconfirm each other. The quantitative analysis found that majority of the respondents 72 of Physics teachers affirmed that they had more experienced colleagues as mentors to help build their confidence, improve their teaching, and help them improve their effectiveness and efficiency in guiding learners’ achievements. Only 28 of the respondents disagreed with these statements. With majority respondents 72 agreeing with the statements, it implies that in most secondary schools, experienced Physics teachers act as mentors to build teachers’ confidence in teaching and improving students’ learning. The interview qualitative data analysis summarized how secondary school Principals use meetings with mentors and mentees to promote mentorship in the school milieu. This has helped strengthen teachers’ classroom practices in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. With the results confirming each other, the study recommends that mentoring should focus on helping teachers employ social interactions and instructional practices feedback and clarity in teaching that have direct measurable impact on students’ learning achievements. Andrew Ngeim Sumba | Frederick Ebot Ashu | Peter Agborbechem Tambi "The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching of Physics in Secondary Schools in the South West Region of Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64524.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/management-development/64524/the-role-of-mentoring-and-its-influence-on-the-effectiveness-of-the-teaching-of-physics-in-secondary-schools-in-the-south-west-region-of-cameroon/andrew-ngeim-sumba
Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino Microcontroller Bas...ijtsrd
This study primarily focuses on the design of a high side buck converter using an Arduino microcontroller. The converter is specifically intended for use in DC DC applications, particularly in standalone solar PV systems where the PV output voltage exceeds the load or battery voltage. To evaluate the performance of the converter, simulation experiments are conducted using Proteus Software. These simulations provide insights into the input and output voltages, currents, powers, and efficiency under different state of charge SoC conditions of a 12V,70Ah rechargeable lead acid battery. Additionally, the hardware design of the converter is implemented, and practical data is collected through operation, monitoring, and recording. By comparing the simulation results with the practical results, the efficiency and performance of the designed converter are assessed. The findings indicate that while the buck converter is suitable for practical use in standalone PV systems, its efficiency is compromised due to a lower output current. Chan Myae Aung | Dr. Ei Mon "Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino-Microcontroller Based DC-DC High-Side Buck Converter for Standalone PV System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64518.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/64518/design-simulation-and-hardware-construction-of-an-arduinomicrocontroller-based-dcdc-highside-buck-converter-for-standalone-pv-system/chan-myae-aung
Sustainable Energy by Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadikuijtsrd
Energy becomes sustainable if it meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Some of the definitions of sustainable energy include the considerations of environmental aspects such as greenhouse gas emissions, social, and economic aspects such as energy poverty. Generally far more sustainable than fossil fuel are renewable energy sources such as wind, hydroelectric power, solar, and geothermal energy sources. Worthy of note is that some renewable energy projects, like the clearing of forests to produce biofuels, can cause severe environmental damage. The sustainability of nuclear power which is a low carbon source is highly debated because of concerns about radioactive waste, nuclear proliferation, and accidents. The switching from coal to natural gas has environmental benefits, including a lower climate impact, but could lead to delay in switching to more sustainable options. “Carbon capture and storage” can be built into power plants to remove the carbon dioxide CO2 emissions, but this technology is expensive and has rarely been implemented. Leading non renewable energy sources around the world is fossil fuels, coal, petroleum, and natural gas. Nuclear energy is usually considered another non renewable energy source, although nuclear energy itself is a renewable energy source, but the material used in nuclear power plants is not. The paper addresses the issue of sustainable energy, its attendant benefits to the future generation, and humanity in general. Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Sustainable Energy" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64534.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/64534/sustainable-energy/paul-a-adekunte
Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations Executive Regulations and Stand...ijtsrd
This paper aims to outline the executive regulations, survey standards, and specifications required for the implementation of the Sudan Survey Act, and for regulating and organizing all surveying work activities in Sudan. The act has been discussed for more than 5 years. The Land Survey Act was initiated by the Sudan Survey Authority and all official legislations were headed by the Sudan Ministry of Justice till it was issued in 2022. The paper presents conceptual guidelines to be used for the Survey Act implementation and to regulate the survey work practice, standardizing the field surveys, processing, quality control, procedures, and the processes related to survey work carried out by the stakeholders and relevant authorities in Sudan. The conceptual guidelines are meant to improve the quality and harmonization of geospatial data and to aid decision making processes as well as geospatial information systems. The established comprehensive executive regulations will govern and regulate the implementation of the Sudan Survey Geomatics Act in all surveying and mapping practices undertaken by the Sudan Survey Authority SSA and state local survey departments for public or private sector organizations. The targeted standards and specifications include the reference frame, projection, coordinate systems, and the guidelines and specifications that must be followed in the field of survey work, processes, and mapping products. In the last few decades, there has been a growing awareness of the importance of geomatics activities and measurements on the Earths surface in space and time, together with observing and mapping the changes. In such cases, data must be captured promptly, standardized, and obtained with more accuracy and specified in much detail. The paper will also highlight the current situation in Sudan, the degree to which survey standards are used, the problems encountered, and the errors that arise from not using the standards and survey specifications. Kamal A. A. Sami "Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations - Executive Regulations and Standards" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63484.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63484/concepts-for-sudan-survey-act-implementations--executive-regulations-and-standards/kamal-a-a-sami
Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model Khartoum Sta...ijtsrd
The discussions between ellipsoid and geoid have invoked many researchers during the recent decades, especially during the GNSS technology era, which had witnessed a great deal of development but still geoid undulation requires more investigations. To figure out a solution for Sudans local geoid, this research has tried to intake the possibility of determining the geoid model by following two approaches, gravimetric and geometrical geoid model determination, by making use of GNSS leveling benchmarks at Khartoum state. The Benchmarks are well distributed in the study area, in which, the horizontal coordinates and the height above the ellipsoid have been observed by GNSS while orthometric heights were carried out using precise leveling. The Global Geopotential Model GGM represented in EGM2008 has been exploited to figure out the geoid undulation at the benchmarks in the study area. This is followed by a fitting process, that has been done to suit the geoid undulation data which has been computed using GNSS leveling data and geoid undulation inspired by the EGM2008. Two geoid surfaces were created after the fitting process to ensure that they are identical and both of them could be counted for getting the same geoid undulation with an acceptable accuracy. In this respect, statistical operation played an important role in ensuring the consistency and integrity of the model by applying cross validation techniques splitting the data into training and testing datasets for building the geoid model and testing its eligibility. The geometrical solution for geoid undulation computation has been utilized by applying straightforward equations that facilitate the calculation of the geoid undulation directly through applying statistical techniques for the GNSS leveling data of the study area to get the common equation parameters values that could be utilized to calculate geoid undulation of any position in the study area within the claimed accuracy. Both systems were checked and proved eligible to be used within the study area with acceptable accuracy which may contribute to solving the geoid undulation problem in the Khartoum area, and be further generalized to determine the geoid model over the entire country, and this could be considered in the future, for regional and continental geoid model. Ahmed M. A. Mohammed. | Kamal A. A. Sami "Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model (Khartoum State Case Study)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63483.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63483/towards-the-implementation-of-the-sudan-interpolated-geoid-model-khartoum-state-case-study/ahmed-m-a-mohammed
Activating Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment Mapijtsrd
Sudan is witnessing an acceleration in the processes of development and transformation in the performance of government institutions to raise the productivity and investment efficiency of the government sector. The development plans and investment opportunities have focused on achieving national goals in various sectors. This paper aims to illuminate the path to the future and provide geospatial data and information to develop the investment climate and environment for all sized businesses, and to bridge the development gap between the Sudan states. The Sudan Survey Authority SSA is the main advisor to the Sudan Government in conducting surveying, mappings, designing, and developing systems related to geospatial data and information. In recent years, SSA made a strategic partnership with the Ministry of Investment to activate Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment and in particular, for the preparation and implementation of the Sudan investment map, based on the directives and objectives of the Ministry of Investment MI in Sudan. This paper comes within the framework of activating the efforts of the Ministry of Investment to develop technical investment services by applying techniques adopted by the Ministry and its strategic partners for advancing investment processes in the country. Kamal A. A. Sami "Activating Geospatial Information for Sudan's Sustainable Investment Map" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63482.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/information-technology/63482/activating-geospatial-information-for-sudans-sustainable-investment-map/kamal-a-a-sami
Educational Unity Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Societyijtsrd
In a rapidly changing global landscape, the importance of education as a unifying force cannot be overstated. This paper explores the crucial role of educational unity in fostering a stronger and more inclusive society through the embrace of diversity. By examining the benefits of diverse learning environments, the paper aims to highlight the positive impact on societal strength. The discussion encompasses various dimensions, from curriculum design to classroom dynamics, and emphasizes the need for educational institutions to become catalysts for unity in diversity. It highlights the need for a paradigm shift in educational policies, curricula, and pedagogical approaches to ensure that they are reflective of the diverse fabric of society. This paper also addresses the challenges associated with implementing inclusive educational practices and offers practical strategies for overcoming barriers. It advocates for collaborative efforts between educational institutions, policymakers, and communities to create a supportive ecosystem that promotes diversity and unity. Mr. Amit Adhikari | Madhumita Teli | Gopal Adhikari "Educational Unity: Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Society" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64525.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64525/educational-unity-embracing-diversity-for-a-stronger-society/mr-amit-adhikari
Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management Prospects and...ijtsrd
The diversity of indigenous knowledge systems in India is vast and can vary significantly between different communities and regions. Preserving and respecting these knowledge systems is crucial for maintaining cultural heritage, promoting sustainable practices, and fostering cross cultural understanding. In this paper, an overview of the prospects and challenges associated with incorporating Indian indigenous knowledge into management is explored. It is found that IIKS helps in management in many areas like sustainable development, tourism, food security, natural resource management, cultural preservation and innovation, etc. However, IIKS integration with management faces some challenges in the form of a lack of documentation, cultural sensitivity, language barriers legal framework, etc. Savita Lathwal "Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management: Prospects and Challenges" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63500.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/63500/integration-of-indian-indigenous-knowledge-system-in-management-prospects-and-challenges/savita-lathwal
DeepMask Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in...ijtsrd
The COVID 19 pandemic has highlighted the crucial need of preventive measures, with widespread use of face masks being a key method for slowing the viruss spread. This research investigates face mask identification using deep learning as a technological solution to be reducing the risk of coronavirus transmission. The proposed method uses state of the art convolutional neural networks CNNs and transfer learning to automatically recognize persons who are not wearing masks in a variety of circumstances. We discuss how this strategy improves public health and safety by providing an efficient manner of enforcing mask wearing standards. The report also discusses the obstacles, ethical concerns, and prospective applications of face mask detection systems in the ongoing fight against the pandemic. Dilip Kumar Sharma | Aaditya Yadav "DeepMask: Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in the COVID-19 Era" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64522.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/64522/deepmask-transforming-face-mask-identification-for-better-pandemic-control-in-the-covid19-era/dilip-kumar-sharma
Streamlining Data Collection eCRF Design and Machine Learningijtsrd
Efficient and accurate data collection is paramount in clinical trials, and the design of Electronic Case Report Forms eCRFs plays a pivotal role in streamlining this process. This paper explores the integration of machine learning techniques in the design and implementation of eCRFs to enhance data collection efficiency. We delve into the synergies between eCRF design principles and machine learning algorithms, aiming to optimize data quality, reduce errors, and expedite the overall data collection process. The application of machine learning in eCRF design brings forth innovative approaches to data validation, anomaly detection, and real time adaptability. This paper discusses the benefits, challenges, and future prospects of leveraging machine learning in eCRF design for streamlined and advanced data collection in clinical trials. Dhanalakshmi D | Vijaya Lakshmi Kannareddy "Streamlining Data Collection: eCRF Design and Machine Learning" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63515.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/biotechnology/63515/streamlining-data-collection-ecrf-design-and-machine-learning/dhanalakshmi-d
Cyber Ethics An Introduction by Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Jan...ijtsrd
Cyber ethics is the study of the ethics relating to computers, as well as to user behavior and what computers are programmed to do, and how it affects individuals and society. It is the branch of philosophy that deals with what is considered to be right or wrong. Since the advent of computers, various governments have enacted regulations and while organizations have defined policies about cyberethics. Cyberethics also known as “internet ethics,” is a branch of applied ethics that examines the moral, legal, and social issues i.e. ethical questions brought about by the emergence of digital technologies and global virtual environments. Arising with the introduction of the internet are, filtering, accuracy, security, censorship, conflicts over privacy, property, accessibility, and others. This paper is to elucidate more on cyberethics and its impacts on users and the society Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Cyber Ethics: An Introduction" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63513.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/computer-security/63513/cyber-ethics-an-introduction/paul-a-adekunte
Algorithm of Minds AoM Algorithms That Control Youijtsrd
In the modern digital age, where social interaction has undergone a significant shift towards online platforms, particularly accelerated by the global pandemic, technology has emerged as a powerful force in influencing individuals through Algorithms of Minds AoM . AoM are computer algorithms engineered to attain the human minds attention to influence or alter the mind consciously or subconsciously, with a specific intent. The recent surge in attention towards algorithms of minds, characterised by algorithm heavy software applications, has become increasingly prominent. This paper explores two key playing algorithms. As such, heightened awareness, transparency, and ethical oversight are imperative to mitigate the adverse consequences of algorithmic interventions in shaping societal discourse and individual decision making. Sujay Ashwin "Algorithm of Minds (AoM): Algorithms That Control You!" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63471.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/cognitive-science/63471/algorithm-of-minds-aom-algorithms-that-control-you/sujay-ashwin
Rural Tourism Post COVID 19 Perspectives and Possibilitiesijtsrd
To assess the current discussion about the possible impacts on rural tourism spots and places with such possible perspective, by the pandemic caused by corona virus, the relevant outcomes must be evaluated. The related results must be evaluated to assess the latest debate regarding the potential impacts on rural tourism spots and places with such possible perspective, by the pandemic caused by corona virus. This perspective may have either positive or negative consequences and it gives some insight into what could happen to certain rural tourist destinations if the global tourism industry picks up again. To show rural tourism conservation activities and to provide a commentary on the consequence of pandemic caused by covid 19 virus on the rural tourism atmosphere, a mix of online tools and studies of sustainable impact, as well as tourism, is used. The study also provides background and perspective on how COVID 19 reflection can impact rural tourism businesses in the upcoming times. This perspective paper not only incorporates valuable findings on the importance of rural tourism but also represents the recent rise of coexisting perspectives. Mr. Akshay Nain "Rural Tourism Post COVID-19: Perspectives & Possibilities" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63512.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/63512/rural-tourism-post-covid19-perspectives-and-possibilities/mr-akshay-nain
The Pleistocene Delta of the Old Al Balatah River System, Northeastern Libya ...ijtsrd
The present article concerns with the topography, geomorphology and morphotectonic features of the vast Pleistocene inland delta of the paleoriver system of the Al Balatah Valley in northeastern Libya and its eastern extension in the Great Sand Sea of Egypt where it constitutes what is known as Nahda Plain immediately east of the Libyan Egyptian borders. The paleodelta was formed as a result of northward flowing of the old Al Balatah river streams into a huge Pleistocene freshwater lake occupying the area lying between latitudes 26° 30’ and 28° 30’, and longitudes 23° 15 and 25° 26’. It was previously described as belonging to the ancient Al Kufrah Paleoriver, however, evidences from the paleo drainage patterns show that this ancient delta is belonging to the Al Balatah Paleoriver, not to the Al Kufrah Paleoriver. The paleoriver basin of the Al Balatah Valley is bounded along its both eastern Egyptian and western Libyan sides by two intersecting groups of structurally controlled Nubia Sandstone landforms. The older group is made up of a parallel series of longitudinal ridges trending NW SE and representing bended up folded , cross bedded to horizontally Nubia Sandstone layers separated by low lying down folded tracks formed as a result of the Upper Cretaceous Turonian folding movement which affected the Western Desert of Egypt and Eastern Desert of Libya. The younger group is extending NE SW and consisting of a parallel series of huge mountain ranges of Nubia Sandstone made up of new plateaus depressions and dome like structures troughs formed as a result of the Late Oligocene refolding movement and dissecting the older Nubia Sandstone ridges. The results are fundamentally significant to the establishment of new agricultural communities in the inhospitable place known as the Great Sand Sea along both sides of the Egyptian Libyan borders especially when considering the threat of fresh water scarcity in both countries. Khaled Abdel-Kader Ouda "The Pleistocene Delta of the Old Al Balatah River System, Northeastern Libya and its Eastern Extension in Egypt" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63511.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/geology/63511/the-pleistocene-delta-of-the-old-al-balatah-river-system-northeastern-libya-and-its-eastern-extension-in-egypt/khaled-abdelkader-ouda
Effects of Anglophone Crisis on the Mental Health of Teachers in Bui Division...ijtsrd
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the Anglophone crisis on the mental health of teachers in Bui Division, North West Region of Cameroon. The study employed a cross sectional survey research design using an explanatory sequential mixed method. Quantitative data were collected using questionnaire while focus group discussions guide was used to collect qualitative data. Questionnaire were filled by 163 teachers, selected using simple random sampling technique while 18 teachers were purposefully selected for the qualitive data. The data were analysed with the aid of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences SPSS version 23.0 for windows where descriptive statistics such as percentages, mean scores and standard deviation were gotten. Equally SPSS was also used for regression analysis and tested the effects between the independent and dependent variables. The qualitative data were analysed using thematic analysis method. The findings showed that terrorism had negative effects on the health outcomes or mental health of teachers in Bui Division from both quantitative and qualitative analyses. Therefore, the study recommends that there should be investment in mental health which will help to strengthen mental health of affected communities, providing counselling services and sustainable care options. Dr. Foncham Paul Babila | Dr. Azinwi Terence Niba "Effects of Anglophone Crisis on the Mental Health of Teachers in Bui Division North West Region of Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63510.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/63510/effects-of-anglophone-crisis-on-the-mental-health-of-teachers-in-bui-division-north-west-region-of-cameroon/dr-foncham-paul-babila
A Review Article on “Structural Audit and Rehabilitation of Old Building in B...ijtsrd
The aging infrastructure of educational institutions poses significant challenges, demanding a comprehensive approach to assess, maintain, and rehabilitate existing structures. This review article focuses on the Structural Audit and Rehabilitation initiatives undertaken in the context of the old building in BDCE campus, shedding light on the methodologies, challenges, and outcomes associated with the process. The study integrates a thorough examination of structural audit practices, rehabilitation strategies, and case studies related to historical structures within the campus. The first section delves into the importance of structural audits in ensuring the safety and longevity of buildings. Various methodologies employed in conducting structural audits are explored, emphasizing the integration of modern technologies such as non destructive testing, structural health monitoring, and computer aided modeling. The second section of the review highlights the specific challenges encountered in the BDCE campus, including the unique architectural features, material deterioration, and compliance with updated building codes. This section also discusses the role of interdisciplinary collaboration among architects, engineers, and preservation experts in addressing these challenges effectively. The third section focuses on the rehabilitation strategies implemented based on the findings of the structural audit. This includes the use of innovative materials, retrofitting techniques, and sustainable practices to enhance the structural integrity and functional efficiency of the old buildings. Case studies illustrating successful rehabilitation projects within the BDCE campus are presented, showcasing the application of theoretical knowledge into practical solutions. Furthermore, the article discusses the economic and environmental implications of rehabilitation compared to new construction. It explores the potential for adaptive reuse, preservation of cultural heritage, and the positive impact on the overall sustainability of the campus. Ekta Agarakar | Prof. P. R. Khobragade "A Review Article on “Structural Audit and Rehabilitation of Old Building in BDCE Campus”" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63506.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63506/a-review-article-on-“structural-audit-and-rehabilitation-of-old-building-in-bdce-campus”/ekta-agarakar
One Bharat, One Democracy Fostering Unity Amidst Diversityijtsrd
One Bharat, One Democracy encapsulates a visionary approach aimed at unifying Indias diverse cultural, linguistic, and regional identities under a singular democratic framework. This abstract seeks to explore the concepts implications, challenges, and transformative potential within Indias socio political landscape. This visionary concept aims to transcend regional, cultural, and political differences, fostering national unity while celebrating Indias rich diversity. It emphasizes the creation of a cohesive democratic structure that respects the plurality of the nation and ensures equitable representation and participation for all citizens. However, the implementation of One Bharat, One Democracy confronts multifaceted challenges, including balancing unity with diversity, preserving federal principles while centralizing governance, and addressing regional aspirations without marginalization. Ensuring the effective realization of this concept necessitates nuanced considerations of federalism, administrative complexities, and the preservation of democratic values across the diverse fabric of India. This abstract delves into the complexities of fostering a unified democratic framework that respects diversity, navigating the delicate balance between national unity and regional aspirations, and advocating for inclusive governance that upholds democratic principles. It emphasizes the significance of collaborative efforts between the central and state governments, inclusive policy making, and meaningful public engagement for the successful implementation of this transformative vision. Sudama Lenka "One Bharat, One Democracy: Fostering Unity Amidst Diversity" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63481.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/63481/one-bharat-one-democracy-fostering-unity-amidst-diversity/sudama-lenka
Collective Bargaining and Employee Prosocial Behaviour in the Hospitality Sec...ijtsrd
This study primarily examined the relationship between collective bargaining and employee prosocial behaviour in the hospitality sector in Port Harcourt. The study adopted the cross sectional research survey design. Primary data was generated through structured questionnaire. The population of the study was 1674 employees of 11 selected hotels in Port Harcourt. The sample size was also drawn using the Krejcie and Morgan 1980 sample size determination table. The reliability of the instrument was achieved by the use of the Cronbach Alpha coefficient with all the items scoring above 0.70. The hypotheses were tested using the Spearman’s Rank Order Correlation Coefficient. The tests were carried out at a 0.05 significance level. The findings revealed that there is a significant relationship between collective bargaining and employee prosocial behaviour in the hospitality sector in Port Harcourt. Hence, the study concludes that collective bargaining positively enhances employee prosocial behaviour in the hospitality sector in Port Harcourt. Implying that when organizations in hospitality sector actively engage in joint consultation practices, such as open communication, collaboration, and employee involvement in decision making, there is a notable improvement in prosocial behaviors among employees. Therefore, the study recommends that there is a need to strengthen collective bargaining platforms which involves creating structured forums where both management and employees can engage in meaningful discussions. This could include regular town hall meetings, feedback sessions, and collaborative workshops. By fostering an environment of open communication, these platforms can serve as a foundation for building a positive relationship between stakeholders. Nsirim, Hannah Orokwu "Collective Bargaining and Employee Prosocial Behaviour in the Hospitality Sector in Port Harcourt" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63504.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/63504/collective-bargaining-and-employee-prosocial-behaviour-in-the-hospitality-sector-in-port-harcourt/nsirim-hannah-orokwu
The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Right...ijtsrd
This study investigated the impact of educational background and professional training on human rights awareness among secondary school teachers in the Marathwada region of Maharashtra, India. The key findings reveal that higher levels of education, particularly a master’s degree, and fields of study related to education, humanities, or social sciences are associated with greater human rights awareness among teachers. Additionally, both pre service teacher training and in service professional development programs focused on human rights education significantly enhance teacher’s knowledge, skills, and competencies in promoting human rights principles in their classrooms. Baig Ameer Bee Mirza Abdul Aziz | Dr. Syed Azaz Ali Amjad Ali "The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Rights Awareness among Secondary School Teachers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64529.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64529/the-impact-of-educational-background-and-professional-training-on-human-rights-awareness-among-secondary-school-teachers/baig-ameer-bee-mirza-abdul-aziz
A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at t...ijtsrd
“One Language sets you in a corridor for life. Two languages open every door along the way” Frank Smith English as a foreign language or as a second language has been ruling in India since the period of Lord Macaulay. But the question is how much we teach or learn English properly in our culture. Is there any scope to use English as a language rather than a subject How much we learn or teach English without any interference of mother language specially in the classroom teaching learning scenario in West Bengal By considering all these issues the researcher has attempted in this article to focus on the effective teaching learning process comparing to other traditional strategies in the field of English curriculum at the secondary level to investigate whether they fulfill the present teaching learning requirements or not by examining the validity of the present curriculum of English. The purpose of this study is to focus on the effectiveness of the systematic, scientific, sequential and logical transaction of the course between the teachers and the learners in the perspective of the 5Es programme that is engage, explore, explain, extend and evaluate. Sanchali Mondal | Santinath Sarkar "A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at the Secondary Level of West Bengal" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd62412.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/62412/a-study-on-the-effective-teaching-learning-process-in-english-curriculum-at-the-secondary-level-of-west-bengal/sanchali-mondal
The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching ...ijtsrd
This paper reports on a study which was conducted to investigate the role of mentoring and its influence on the effectiveness of the teaching of Physics in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. The study adopted the convergent parallel mixed methods design, focusing on respondents in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected, analysed separately, and the results were compared to see if the findings confirm or disconfirm each other. The quantitative analysis found that majority of the respondents 72 of Physics teachers affirmed that they had more experienced colleagues as mentors to help build their confidence, improve their teaching, and help them improve their effectiveness and efficiency in guiding learners’ achievements. Only 28 of the respondents disagreed with these statements. With majority respondents 72 agreeing with the statements, it implies that in most secondary schools, experienced Physics teachers act as mentors to build teachers’ confidence in teaching and improving students’ learning. The interview qualitative data analysis summarized how secondary school Principals use meetings with mentors and mentees to promote mentorship in the school milieu. This has helped strengthen teachers’ classroom practices in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. With the results confirming each other, the study recommends that mentoring should focus on helping teachers employ social interactions and instructional practices feedback and clarity in teaching that have direct measurable impact on students’ learning achievements. Andrew Ngeim Sumba | Frederick Ebot Ashu | Peter Agborbechem Tambi "The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching of Physics in Secondary Schools in the South West Region of Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64524.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/management-development/64524/the-role-of-mentoring-and-its-influence-on-the-effectiveness-of-the-teaching-of-physics-in-secondary-schools-in-the-south-west-region-of-cameroon/andrew-ngeim-sumba
Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino Microcontroller Bas...ijtsrd
This study primarily focuses on the design of a high side buck converter using an Arduino microcontroller. The converter is specifically intended for use in DC DC applications, particularly in standalone solar PV systems where the PV output voltage exceeds the load or battery voltage. To evaluate the performance of the converter, simulation experiments are conducted using Proteus Software. These simulations provide insights into the input and output voltages, currents, powers, and efficiency under different state of charge SoC conditions of a 12V,70Ah rechargeable lead acid battery. Additionally, the hardware design of the converter is implemented, and practical data is collected through operation, monitoring, and recording. By comparing the simulation results with the practical results, the efficiency and performance of the designed converter are assessed. The findings indicate that while the buck converter is suitable for practical use in standalone PV systems, its efficiency is compromised due to a lower output current. Chan Myae Aung | Dr. Ei Mon "Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino-Microcontroller Based DC-DC High-Side Buck Converter for Standalone PV System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64518.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/64518/design-simulation-and-hardware-construction-of-an-arduinomicrocontroller-based-dcdc-highside-buck-converter-for-standalone-pv-system/chan-myae-aung
Sustainable Energy by Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadikuijtsrd
Energy becomes sustainable if it meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Some of the definitions of sustainable energy include the considerations of environmental aspects such as greenhouse gas emissions, social, and economic aspects such as energy poverty. Generally far more sustainable than fossil fuel are renewable energy sources such as wind, hydroelectric power, solar, and geothermal energy sources. Worthy of note is that some renewable energy projects, like the clearing of forests to produce biofuels, can cause severe environmental damage. The sustainability of nuclear power which is a low carbon source is highly debated because of concerns about radioactive waste, nuclear proliferation, and accidents. The switching from coal to natural gas has environmental benefits, including a lower climate impact, but could lead to delay in switching to more sustainable options. “Carbon capture and storage” can be built into power plants to remove the carbon dioxide CO2 emissions, but this technology is expensive and has rarely been implemented. Leading non renewable energy sources around the world is fossil fuels, coal, petroleum, and natural gas. Nuclear energy is usually considered another non renewable energy source, although nuclear energy itself is a renewable energy source, but the material used in nuclear power plants is not. The paper addresses the issue of sustainable energy, its attendant benefits to the future generation, and humanity in general. Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Sustainable Energy" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64534.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/64534/sustainable-energy/paul-a-adekunte
Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations Executive Regulations and Stand...ijtsrd
This paper aims to outline the executive regulations, survey standards, and specifications required for the implementation of the Sudan Survey Act, and for regulating and organizing all surveying work activities in Sudan. The act has been discussed for more than 5 years. The Land Survey Act was initiated by the Sudan Survey Authority and all official legislations were headed by the Sudan Ministry of Justice till it was issued in 2022. The paper presents conceptual guidelines to be used for the Survey Act implementation and to regulate the survey work practice, standardizing the field surveys, processing, quality control, procedures, and the processes related to survey work carried out by the stakeholders and relevant authorities in Sudan. The conceptual guidelines are meant to improve the quality and harmonization of geospatial data and to aid decision making processes as well as geospatial information systems. The established comprehensive executive regulations will govern and regulate the implementation of the Sudan Survey Geomatics Act in all surveying and mapping practices undertaken by the Sudan Survey Authority SSA and state local survey departments for public or private sector organizations. The targeted standards and specifications include the reference frame, projection, coordinate systems, and the guidelines and specifications that must be followed in the field of survey work, processes, and mapping products. In the last few decades, there has been a growing awareness of the importance of geomatics activities and measurements on the Earths surface in space and time, together with observing and mapping the changes. In such cases, data must be captured promptly, standardized, and obtained with more accuracy and specified in much detail. The paper will also highlight the current situation in Sudan, the degree to which survey standards are used, the problems encountered, and the errors that arise from not using the standards and survey specifications. Kamal A. A. Sami "Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations - Executive Regulations and Standards" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63484.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63484/concepts-for-sudan-survey-act-implementations--executive-regulations-and-standards/kamal-a-a-sami
Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model Khartoum Sta...ijtsrd
The discussions between ellipsoid and geoid have invoked many researchers during the recent decades, especially during the GNSS technology era, which had witnessed a great deal of development but still geoid undulation requires more investigations. To figure out a solution for Sudans local geoid, this research has tried to intake the possibility of determining the geoid model by following two approaches, gravimetric and geometrical geoid model determination, by making use of GNSS leveling benchmarks at Khartoum state. The Benchmarks are well distributed in the study area, in which, the horizontal coordinates and the height above the ellipsoid have been observed by GNSS while orthometric heights were carried out using precise leveling. The Global Geopotential Model GGM represented in EGM2008 has been exploited to figure out the geoid undulation at the benchmarks in the study area. This is followed by a fitting process, that has been done to suit the geoid undulation data which has been computed using GNSS leveling data and geoid undulation inspired by the EGM2008. Two geoid surfaces were created after the fitting process to ensure that they are identical and both of them could be counted for getting the same geoid undulation with an acceptable accuracy. In this respect, statistical operation played an important role in ensuring the consistency and integrity of the model by applying cross validation techniques splitting the data into training and testing datasets for building the geoid model and testing its eligibility. The geometrical solution for geoid undulation computation has been utilized by applying straightforward equations that facilitate the calculation of the geoid undulation directly through applying statistical techniques for the GNSS leveling data of the study area to get the common equation parameters values that could be utilized to calculate geoid undulation of any position in the study area within the claimed accuracy. Both systems were checked and proved eligible to be used within the study area with acceptable accuracy which may contribute to solving the geoid undulation problem in the Khartoum area, and be further generalized to determine the geoid model over the entire country, and this could be considered in the future, for regional and continental geoid model. Ahmed M. A. Mohammed. | Kamal A. A. Sami "Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model (Khartoum State Case Study)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63483.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63483/towards-the-implementation-of-the-sudan-interpolated-geoid-model-khartoum-state-case-study/ahmed-m-a-mohammed
Activating Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment Mapijtsrd
Sudan is witnessing an acceleration in the processes of development and transformation in the performance of government institutions to raise the productivity and investment efficiency of the government sector. The development plans and investment opportunities have focused on achieving national goals in various sectors. This paper aims to illuminate the path to the future and provide geospatial data and information to develop the investment climate and environment for all sized businesses, and to bridge the development gap between the Sudan states. The Sudan Survey Authority SSA is the main advisor to the Sudan Government in conducting surveying, mappings, designing, and developing systems related to geospatial data and information. In recent years, SSA made a strategic partnership with the Ministry of Investment to activate Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment and in particular, for the preparation and implementation of the Sudan investment map, based on the directives and objectives of the Ministry of Investment MI in Sudan. This paper comes within the framework of activating the efforts of the Ministry of Investment to develop technical investment services by applying techniques adopted by the Ministry and its strategic partners for advancing investment processes in the country. Kamal A. A. Sami "Activating Geospatial Information for Sudan's Sustainable Investment Map" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63482.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/information-technology/63482/activating-geospatial-information-for-sudans-sustainable-investment-map/kamal-a-a-sami
Educational Unity Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Societyijtsrd
In a rapidly changing global landscape, the importance of education as a unifying force cannot be overstated. This paper explores the crucial role of educational unity in fostering a stronger and more inclusive society through the embrace of diversity. By examining the benefits of diverse learning environments, the paper aims to highlight the positive impact on societal strength. The discussion encompasses various dimensions, from curriculum design to classroom dynamics, and emphasizes the need for educational institutions to become catalysts for unity in diversity. It highlights the need for a paradigm shift in educational policies, curricula, and pedagogical approaches to ensure that they are reflective of the diverse fabric of society. This paper also addresses the challenges associated with implementing inclusive educational practices and offers practical strategies for overcoming barriers. It advocates for collaborative efforts between educational institutions, policymakers, and communities to create a supportive ecosystem that promotes diversity and unity. Mr. Amit Adhikari | Madhumita Teli | Gopal Adhikari "Educational Unity: Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Society" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64525.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64525/educational-unity-embracing-diversity-for-a-stronger-society/mr-amit-adhikari
Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management Prospects and...ijtsrd
The diversity of indigenous knowledge systems in India is vast and can vary significantly between different communities and regions. Preserving and respecting these knowledge systems is crucial for maintaining cultural heritage, promoting sustainable practices, and fostering cross cultural understanding. In this paper, an overview of the prospects and challenges associated with incorporating Indian indigenous knowledge into management is explored. It is found that IIKS helps in management in many areas like sustainable development, tourism, food security, natural resource management, cultural preservation and innovation, etc. However, IIKS integration with management faces some challenges in the form of a lack of documentation, cultural sensitivity, language barriers legal framework, etc. Savita Lathwal "Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management: Prospects and Challenges" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63500.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/63500/integration-of-indian-indigenous-knowledge-system-in-management-prospects-and-challenges/savita-lathwal
DeepMask Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in...ijtsrd
The COVID 19 pandemic has highlighted the crucial need of preventive measures, with widespread use of face masks being a key method for slowing the viruss spread. This research investigates face mask identification using deep learning as a technological solution to be reducing the risk of coronavirus transmission. The proposed method uses state of the art convolutional neural networks CNNs and transfer learning to automatically recognize persons who are not wearing masks in a variety of circumstances. We discuss how this strategy improves public health and safety by providing an efficient manner of enforcing mask wearing standards. The report also discusses the obstacles, ethical concerns, and prospective applications of face mask detection systems in the ongoing fight against the pandemic. Dilip Kumar Sharma | Aaditya Yadav "DeepMask: Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in the COVID-19 Era" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64522.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/64522/deepmask-transforming-face-mask-identification-for-better-pandemic-control-in-the-covid19-era/dilip-kumar-sharma
Streamlining Data Collection eCRF Design and Machine Learningijtsrd
Efficient and accurate data collection is paramount in clinical trials, and the design of Electronic Case Report Forms eCRFs plays a pivotal role in streamlining this process. This paper explores the integration of machine learning techniques in the design and implementation of eCRFs to enhance data collection efficiency. We delve into the synergies between eCRF design principles and machine learning algorithms, aiming to optimize data quality, reduce errors, and expedite the overall data collection process. The application of machine learning in eCRF design brings forth innovative approaches to data validation, anomaly detection, and real time adaptability. This paper discusses the benefits, challenges, and future prospects of leveraging machine learning in eCRF design for streamlined and advanced data collection in clinical trials. Dhanalakshmi D | Vijaya Lakshmi Kannareddy "Streamlining Data Collection: eCRF Design and Machine Learning" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63515.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/biotechnology/63515/streamlining-data-collection-ecrf-design-and-machine-learning/dhanalakshmi-d
Cyber Ethics An Introduction by Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Jan...ijtsrd
Cyber ethics is the study of the ethics relating to computers, as well as to user behavior and what computers are programmed to do, and how it affects individuals and society. It is the branch of philosophy that deals with what is considered to be right or wrong. Since the advent of computers, various governments have enacted regulations and while organizations have defined policies about cyberethics. Cyberethics also known as “internet ethics,” is a branch of applied ethics that examines the moral, legal, and social issues i.e. ethical questions brought about by the emergence of digital technologies and global virtual environments. Arising with the introduction of the internet are, filtering, accuracy, security, censorship, conflicts over privacy, property, accessibility, and others. This paper is to elucidate more on cyberethics and its impacts on users and the society Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Cyber Ethics: An Introduction" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63513.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/computer-security/63513/cyber-ethics-an-introduction/paul-a-adekunte
Algorithm of Minds AoM Algorithms That Control Youijtsrd
In the modern digital age, where social interaction has undergone a significant shift towards online platforms, particularly accelerated by the global pandemic, technology has emerged as a powerful force in influencing individuals through Algorithms of Minds AoM . AoM are computer algorithms engineered to attain the human minds attention to influence or alter the mind consciously or subconsciously, with a specific intent. The recent surge in attention towards algorithms of minds, characterised by algorithm heavy software applications, has become increasingly prominent. This paper explores two key playing algorithms. As such, heightened awareness, transparency, and ethical oversight are imperative to mitigate the adverse consequences of algorithmic interventions in shaping societal discourse and individual decision making. Sujay Ashwin "Algorithm of Minds (AoM): Algorithms That Control You!" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63471.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/cognitive-science/63471/algorithm-of-minds-aom-algorithms-that-control-you/sujay-ashwin
Rural Tourism Post COVID 19 Perspectives and Possibilitiesijtsrd
To assess the current discussion about the possible impacts on rural tourism spots and places with such possible perspective, by the pandemic caused by corona virus, the relevant outcomes must be evaluated. The related results must be evaluated to assess the latest debate regarding the potential impacts on rural tourism spots and places with such possible perspective, by the pandemic caused by corona virus. This perspective may have either positive or negative consequences and it gives some insight into what could happen to certain rural tourist destinations if the global tourism industry picks up again. To show rural tourism conservation activities and to provide a commentary on the consequence of pandemic caused by covid 19 virus on the rural tourism atmosphere, a mix of online tools and studies of sustainable impact, as well as tourism, is used. The study also provides background and perspective on how COVID 19 reflection can impact rural tourism businesses in the upcoming times. This perspective paper not only incorporates valuable findings on the importance of rural tourism but also represents the recent rise of coexisting perspectives. Mr. Akshay Nain "Rural Tourism Post COVID-19: Perspectives & Possibilities" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63512.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/63512/rural-tourism-post-covid19-perspectives-and-possibilities/mr-akshay-nain
The Pleistocene Delta of the Old Al Balatah River System, Northeastern Libya ...ijtsrd
The present article concerns with the topography, geomorphology and morphotectonic features of the vast Pleistocene inland delta of the paleoriver system of the Al Balatah Valley in northeastern Libya and its eastern extension in the Great Sand Sea of Egypt where it constitutes what is known as Nahda Plain immediately east of the Libyan Egyptian borders. The paleodelta was formed as a result of northward flowing of the old Al Balatah river streams into a huge Pleistocene freshwater lake occupying the area lying between latitudes 26° 30’ and 28° 30’, and longitudes 23° 15 and 25° 26’. It was previously described as belonging to the ancient Al Kufrah Paleoriver, however, evidences from the paleo drainage patterns show that this ancient delta is belonging to the Al Balatah Paleoriver, not to the Al Kufrah Paleoriver. The paleoriver basin of the Al Balatah Valley is bounded along its both eastern Egyptian and western Libyan sides by two intersecting groups of structurally controlled Nubia Sandstone landforms. The older group is made up of a parallel series of longitudinal ridges trending NW SE and representing bended up folded , cross bedded to horizontally Nubia Sandstone layers separated by low lying down folded tracks formed as a result of the Upper Cretaceous Turonian folding movement which affected the Western Desert of Egypt and Eastern Desert of Libya. The younger group is extending NE SW and consisting of a parallel series of huge mountain ranges of Nubia Sandstone made up of new plateaus depressions and dome like structures troughs formed as a result of the Late Oligocene refolding movement and dissecting the older Nubia Sandstone ridges. The results are fundamentally significant to the establishment of new agricultural communities in the inhospitable place known as the Great Sand Sea along both sides of the Egyptian Libyan borders especially when considering the threat of fresh water scarcity in both countries. Khaled Abdel-Kader Ouda "The Pleistocene Delta of the Old Al Balatah River System, Northeastern Libya and its Eastern Extension in Egypt" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63511.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/geology/63511/the-pleistocene-delta-of-the-old-al-balatah-river-system-northeastern-libya-and-its-eastern-extension-in-egypt/khaled-abdelkader-ouda
Effects of Anglophone Crisis on the Mental Health of Teachers in Bui Division...ijtsrd
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the Anglophone crisis on the mental health of teachers in Bui Division, North West Region of Cameroon. The study employed a cross sectional survey research design using an explanatory sequential mixed method. Quantitative data were collected using questionnaire while focus group discussions guide was used to collect qualitative data. Questionnaire were filled by 163 teachers, selected using simple random sampling technique while 18 teachers were purposefully selected for the qualitive data. The data were analysed with the aid of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences SPSS version 23.0 for windows where descriptive statistics such as percentages, mean scores and standard deviation were gotten. Equally SPSS was also used for regression analysis and tested the effects between the independent and dependent variables. The qualitative data were analysed using thematic analysis method. The findings showed that terrorism had negative effects on the health outcomes or mental health of teachers in Bui Division from both quantitative and qualitative analyses. Therefore, the study recommends that there should be investment in mental health which will help to strengthen mental health of affected communities, providing counselling services and sustainable care options. Dr. Foncham Paul Babila | Dr. Azinwi Terence Niba "Effects of Anglophone Crisis on the Mental Health of Teachers in Bui Division North West Region of Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63510.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/63510/effects-of-anglophone-crisis-on-the-mental-health-of-teachers-in-bui-division-north-west-region-of-cameroon/dr-foncham-paul-babila
A Review Article on “Structural Audit and Rehabilitation of Old Building in B...ijtsrd
The aging infrastructure of educational institutions poses significant challenges, demanding a comprehensive approach to assess, maintain, and rehabilitate existing structures. This review article focuses on the Structural Audit and Rehabilitation initiatives undertaken in the context of the old building in BDCE campus, shedding light on the methodologies, challenges, and outcomes associated with the process. The study integrates a thorough examination of structural audit practices, rehabilitation strategies, and case studies related to historical structures within the campus. The first section delves into the importance of structural audits in ensuring the safety and longevity of buildings. Various methodologies employed in conducting structural audits are explored, emphasizing the integration of modern technologies such as non destructive testing, structural health monitoring, and computer aided modeling. The second section of the review highlights the specific challenges encountered in the BDCE campus, including the unique architectural features, material deterioration, and compliance with updated building codes. This section also discusses the role of interdisciplinary collaboration among architects, engineers, and preservation experts in addressing these challenges effectively. The third section focuses on the rehabilitation strategies implemented based on the findings of the structural audit. This includes the use of innovative materials, retrofitting techniques, and sustainable practices to enhance the structural integrity and functional efficiency of the old buildings. Case studies illustrating successful rehabilitation projects within the BDCE campus are presented, showcasing the application of theoretical knowledge into practical solutions. Furthermore, the article discusses the economic and environmental implications of rehabilitation compared to new construction. It explores the potential for adaptive reuse, preservation of cultural heritage, and the positive impact on the overall sustainability of the campus. Ekta Agarakar | Prof. P. R. Khobragade "A Review Article on “Structural Audit and Rehabilitation of Old Building in BDCE Campus”" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63506.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63506/a-review-article-on-“structural-audit-and-rehabilitation-of-old-building-in-bdce-campus”/ekta-agarakar
One Bharat, One Democracy Fostering Unity Amidst Diversityijtsrd
One Bharat, One Democracy encapsulates a visionary approach aimed at unifying Indias diverse cultural, linguistic, and regional identities under a singular democratic framework. This abstract seeks to explore the concepts implications, challenges, and transformative potential within Indias socio political landscape. This visionary concept aims to transcend regional, cultural, and political differences, fostering national unity while celebrating Indias rich diversity. It emphasizes the creation of a cohesive democratic structure that respects the plurality of the nation and ensures equitable representation and participation for all citizens. However, the implementation of One Bharat, One Democracy confronts multifaceted challenges, including balancing unity with diversity, preserving federal principles while centralizing governance, and addressing regional aspirations without marginalization. Ensuring the effective realization of this concept necessitates nuanced considerations of federalism, administrative complexities, and the preservation of democratic values across the diverse fabric of India. This abstract delves into the complexities of fostering a unified democratic framework that respects diversity, navigating the delicate balance between national unity and regional aspirations, and advocating for inclusive governance that upholds democratic principles. It emphasizes the significance of collaborative efforts between the central and state governments, inclusive policy making, and meaningful public engagement for the successful implementation of this transformative vision. Sudama Lenka "One Bharat, One Democracy: Fostering Unity Amidst Diversity" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63481.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/63481/one-bharat-one-democracy-fostering-unity-amidst-diversity/sudama-lenka
Collective Bargaining and Employee Prosocial Behaviour in the Hospitality Sec...ijtsrd
This study primarily examined the relationship between collective bargaining and employee prosocial behaviour in the hospitality sector in Port Harcourt. The study adopted the cross sectional research survey design. Primary data was generated through structured questionnaire. The population of the study was 1674 employees of 11 selected hotels in Port Harcourt. The sample size was also drawn using the Krejcie and Morgan 1980 sample size determination table. The reliability of the instrument was achieved by the use of the Cronbach Alpha coefficient with all the items scoring above 0.70. The hypotheses were tested using the Spearman’s Rank Order Correlation Coefficient. The tests were carried out at a 0.05 significance level. The findings revealed that there is a significant relationship between collective bargaining and employee prosocial behaviour in the hospitality sector in Port Harcourt. Hence, the study concludes that collective bargaining positively enhances employee prosocial behaviour in the hospitality sector in Port Harcourt. Implying that when organizations in hospitality sector actively engage in joint consultation practices, such as open communication, collaboration, and employee involvement in decision making, there is a notable improvement in prosocial behaviors among employees. Therefore, the study recommends that there is a need to strengthen collective bargaining platforms which involves creating structured forums where both management and employees can engage in meaningful discussions. This could include regular town hall meetings, feedback sessions, and collaborative workshops. By fostering an environment of open communication, these platforms can serve as a foundation for building a positive relationship between stakeholders. Nsirim, Hannah Orokwu "Collective Bargaining and Employee Prosocial Behaviour in the Hospitality Sector in Port Harcourt" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63504.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/63504/collective-bargaining-and-employee-prosocial-behaviour-in-the-hospitality-sector-in-port-harcourt/nsirim-hannah-orokwu
2. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD49708 | Volume – 6 | Issue – 3 | Mar-Apr 2022 Page 1310
The pandemic's economic impacts are being felt
across all industries and sectors across the world
(Sharma, Thomas, & Paul, 2020). Tourism is not only
a critical source of foreign money, but it also has the
ability to act as a development 'tool' to reinforce
supply chains, enhance local company productivity,
generate one out of every ten jobs, and provide
income for women and young people. Three measures
are necessary for tourism to move forward. Improve
traveller confidence first; second, analyse and follow
new market trends and demand drivers; and third,
commit to building more robust and inclusive tourism
sectors, leveraging growing interest in sustainability –
an essential long-term takeaway (Pangestu, 2021). To
recover, vaccines must be widely distributed and
legislative measures must be enacted. Some
governments have provided financial assistance to the
tourism sector, either directly or through soft loans
and guarantees. Thailand set aside $700 million to
promote domestic tourism, while Vanuatu provided
subsidies to small and medium-sized businesses.
Countries have also aided businesses in adapting their
business models and retraining employees. In
Jamaica, the government provided 10,000 tourist
employees with free online training certification
seminars to assist them enhance their abilities.
However, many tourism-dependent economies have
fiscal constraints. New measures to re-ignite the
sector may be beneficial. National Holidays in Costa
Rica, for example, have been temporarily changed to
Mondays in order to increase domestic tourism by
lengthening weekends. (Babii& Nadeem, 2021). The
flexible policy solutions are required to allow the
tourist sector to coexist with the virus in the short to
medium term; nevertheless, it is critical to go beyond
this and take efforts to learn from the crisis, which
has shown weaknesses in government and industry
readiness and response capabilities. Collaboration of
actions between government and corporate sector is
vital. The crisis provides a chance to reassess
tourism's future. Tourism seems to be at a crossroad,
and the policies put in place now will affect tourism
in the future. Governments must assess the crisis's
long-term ramifications while capitalizing on
digitalization, supporting the low-carbon transition,
and fostering the structural transformation required to
establish a stronger, more sustainable, and resilient
tourist sector (OECD, 2020). The covid-19 is a
worldwide pandemic, yet its effects and reactions
have varied greatly around the globe. Countries are
relaxing constraints on different timeframes and in
different ways, just as they imposed lockdown at
different periods. This represents our world's variety.
The variety of consequences and solutions will make
recovery for travel and tourism sector substantially
more challenging than for many other industries.
Domestic tourism and individuals visiting second
houses are being discouraged and prevented by
national governments and local governments. Tourist
and visiting destinations have been shuttered and
lockdowns have drastically limited even local
movement (Goodwin, 2020).
Literature Review
Responsible Tourism: A Need for Sustainable
Tourism Development-Responsible tourism entails
all stakeholders' actions and consciousness toward
sustainable travel, with a focus on the 3 foundations
of sustainable development: the environment, the
local community, and the economy. Responsible
tourism has been a major uniting force among
stakeholders involved and is seen as one of the
avenues to fulfilling the United Nations' 2030
Sustainable Development Goals. Responsible tourism
practise maximises advantages to the local
community while also assisting the local people in
conserving their culture and environment(Mondal &
Samaddar, 2021).Furthermore, consumers'
perceptions impact responsible tourism involvement
(Frey and George 2010) and environmental friendly
behavior (Chiu, Lee, and Chen 2014; Zhang, Moyle,
and Jin 2018), as well as socially conscious utilization
traits (Song and Kim 2018) and tourists'
environmental alignment (Dodds, Graci, and Holmes
2010).Tourism redevelopment, or the conversion of
residential neighbourhoods into tourism attractions, is
a major global concern. It often impacts just the
original inhabitants, who frequently opt to leave due
to the changing nature of their area or rising
rents(Um& Yoon2021).While tourism redevelopment
focuses on strengthening tourism places, the
researcher has also found that sustainable and
responsible tourism as novel framework for uplifting
the current state of tourism destinations cannot
ignored out. Environmental sustainability as a
construct, and responsible tourism as its successful
execution, portray two major issues for researchers
from various fields of study, as well as tourism
interested parties in locations held to account for
sustainable ecotourism development, regulations,
activities, and results, as responsible and sustainable
tourism have merged into a single tourism discourse
that has the potential to shift the contemporary
framework of the responsible and sustainable tourism
(Mihalic, Mohamadi, Abbasi, & Dávid, 2021).
Therefore, education and training, as an additional
perspective for encouraging and training the travellers
and students, who are our prospective travellers for
inculcating the behaviours and habits supporting the
sustainable and responsible tourism, cannot
dispensed. So, education is becoming more widely
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acknowledged as a valuable instrument for promoting
environmental action and change. With over one
billion individuals travelling globally every year, it is
critical that we find effective methods to engage and
inspire these passengers to embrace more sustainable
and long-term travel practices (Ruhanen& Bowles,
2019).The core philosophy of tourism growth has
become responsible tourism, in which the tourism
industry, government, and societies accept ownership
for the self-sustaining use of natural resource, the
participation of local communities, and the protection
of them from overexploitation. In theory, the public
sector, corporate sector, and community stakeholders
share responsibilities for implementing responsible
tourism policy. The accountable tourism slogan,
based on a common accountability among
government, tourist operators, community
representatives, and enterprises, appears to be an ideal
solution to make a connection between incompatible
socioeconomic growth plans and local group
development initiatives. However, the results show
that, due to a sense of shared accountability, no one
has taken on ultimate duty, and the acts of other
stakeholders are viewed as subpar or inefficient. As a
result, government initiatives do not provide
stakeholders with a productive centre ground
(Stoffelen, Adiyia, Vanneste & Kotze, 2020). The
2019–2020 COVID-19 pandemic has the ability to
change both the tourist sector and the milieu in which
it functions. This worldwide crisis, which has resulted
in the closure of travel, tourism, hospitality, and
events in many areas of the world, presents a chance
to explore the possibilities at this historic
transforming time. This is a once-in-a-lifetime chance
to reconsider and reset tourism on a better course for
the future. 'Responsible' tourist practises, on the other
hand, will not provide enough capacity to permit such
a reset. Instead, such a vision necessitates the
development of a community-centered tourism
framework that reinterprets and realigns tourism in
accordance with the rights and needs of the local
populations and citizens (Higgins-Desbiolles, F.
2020).
Novel Tourism Perspective: Post Covid-19-
Incorporating climatic and environmental resources
into the long-term growth of modern tourism is a task
that needs special attention. Trustworthy information
on local tourism-related climate and bio-climate
conditions is in high demand and impacts tourist's
travel decisions. Barcelona (Spain) has the best
meteorological and bioclimatic conditions from the
end of February to the first ten days of June and from
September to mid-November (Rodríguez-Algeciras,
J., Rodríguez-Algeciras, A., Chaos-Yeras, M.,
&Matzarakis, A., 2020). Tourism is a powerful force
that is homogenizing civilizations and commodifying
cultures all over the world. It is marketed as a good
way of economic growth for many nations and towns
who have lost their conventional industries, or for
those who just want to improve their overall
economic situation. Tourism, on the other hand, has
historically not been a good experience for all parties
involved in the development process, nor has it
treated all stakeholders in the industry fairly. While
multinational firms and entrepreneurs gain
significantly from tourism growth, local people
frequently pay the costs of such development without
proper compensation (Reid, D. G., 2021). The
COVID-19 pandemic has been terrible in terms of
human life loss, the physical and emotional stresses
imposed on enormous numbers of people throughout
the world who have been confined in their homes and
the costs of dealing with the pandemic and supporting
businesses and residents during the era. Tourism has
been severely harmed, not just in industrialized
nations, but also in poorer emerging economies where
tourism is an important source of revenue and jobs.
The situation has been exacerbated by the quashing
impact on mass tourism, which has been significantly
more sensitive to the closure of transport and
accommodation than ethical and responsible tourist
activities centered on local sustainability (Koščak,
M., & O’Rourke, T., 2021). Since the enactment of
the Tourism Law in 2005 and its modification in
2017, Vietnam has increased its investment in the
tourism sector as a flagship industry of the economy
in order to transform Vietnam into a popular tourist
destination. Along with tourist growth, the
detrimental effects of tourism activities on the
environment and society have been recognised to a
degree (Nguyen, P. M., Vo, N. D., To, Q. L., &Dinh,
V. T., 2022). As a result of both governmental and
economic actions, the hospitality and tourism
experiences throughout the world have been denied.
Hospitality and tourism industries will surely recover
from the pandemic's effects over time and at differing
rates in different nations. Domestic travel, maybe
prompted by visits to friends and family, will most
likely lead the way in most places, followed gradually
by international travel as nations reduce border
restrictions and allow international flights. As a
result, it is likely that the right to travel and to
meaningful work in the hotel and tourist industries
will be denied in full or in part for some time to come
ahead (Baum, T., & Hai, N. T. T., 2020). Because of
the complex and dynamic nature of the Covid-19
pandemic, the use of a diverse set of complex
systems, science frameworks, and simulation
modelling can make an important contribution by
investigating how the synergistic effects of work and
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living conditions, as well as, government and
corporate responses, can influence the long-term
health and safety of tourism and hospitality workers.
The development and use of new technology and
equipment in the tourism and hospitality industries
should safeguard both guests and employees.
Machine learning and artificial intelligence are being
used to create a more sustainable tourism and
hospitality business, as well as, to produce best
practices for enhancing the industry's resilience in the
future (Davahli, M. R., Karwowski, W., Sonmez, S.,
&Apostolopoulos, Y., 2020).
Crisis in Tourism: Reinforcement Process - The
UNWTO (2003) defines a tourism crisis as an
unforeseen event that threatens tourists' trust in
destinations and hampers the ability of linked
businesses to continue operating. Because tourism is
particularly vulnerable to a variety of threats
(Pforr&Hosie, 2008), any crisis can quickly turn into
a disaster. SARS (Pine & McKercher, 2004), H1N1
influenza (Rassy& Smith, 2013), and foot-and-mouth
disease (Frisby, 2003) are just a few examples of
epidemics that can significantly impact travellers'
security perceptions and lead to a drop in local
tourism revenue (Ritchie & Jiang, 2019).This
research attempts to comprehend the many aspects of
augmented reality (AR) and to investigate its
potential for assisting the post-COVID-19 relaunch of
the tourism sector in compliance with WHO and
UNWTO recommendations. This research is
classified as exploratory research. It is based on a
thorough examination of secondary data. Thematic
content analysis was used to identify the many ways
in which AR can help overcome problems in the
relaunch of tourism following the epidemic
(Mohanty, P., Hassan, A., &Ekis, E., 2020).The
coronavirus epidemic has forced us to confront
something previously thought impossible: the world
as we know it has stopped turning, entire countries
are in lockdown, and many of us are confined to our
homes, facing an uncertain future in which, even if
most of us survive, an economic mega-crisis is likely
(Žižek, 2020, p. 85).In the past, disasters, pandemics,
and epidemics such as Ebola, Middle East respiratory
disease (MERS), and severe acute respiratory
syndrome have prompted the tourism sector to
quickly recover (SARS). Local, regional, and national
governments are assisting in the resurgence of the
industry by luring investors with tax cuts, relaxed
land-use regulations, and other incentives (Brouder,
2020; Ioannides &Gyimóthy, 2020). Domestic
tourism will assist the tourism industry's revival in the
aftermath of the epidemic before international travel
can resume. Other aspects, such as technical
resilience, local belonging, and consumer and
employee confidence, may aid in the development of
industry resilience, which is urgently needed.
Furthermore, the economic structure and attitude that
contributed to COVID-19 has guided and shaped the
COVID-19 response and recovery initiatives of
governments, organisations, corporations, and
individuals. This has the potential to dramatically
prolong and repeat crises since we are treating the
symptoms rather than the causes. Economic priorities,
for example, have driven government policies and
practises such as: economic support (e.g. subsidies,
tax reliefs) for tourism businesses and employees;
debates for relaxing restrictions for re-opening and re-
starting economies at the expense of a second way
and human lives. Similarly, during lock-downs,
people have engaged in panic buying and (over)-
consumption of online experiences (e.g. virtual
entertainment, dining, drinking, and travelling),
demonstrating their persistence, preference, and fear
of losing their 'consumerism' traditional lifestyles
deemed necessary for their success and happiness.
Many studies attempting to assess the economic
impacts of COVID-19 trading them off to socio-
cultural and biological impacts, studies hoping to
anticipate and measure when visitors will start
travelling again and when we can meet the old
tourism targets, all support a similar worldview. As
governments race to minimise economic losses and
be the first to reopen borders and (tourism)
businesses, and financial markets, investors, cash
liquidity, and financial survival are equally pressing
for multinational and small tourism enterprises, they
are all looking for tourism research that can 'feed' and
'reconfirm' their mindset and help them resume
operations based on the old paradigms and business
models. Economic gains and losses are traded in
exchange for human rights, lives, morals, and ethics
in debates and research. No one has re-imagined'
solutions' enabling co-existence or regenerative forces
between these conceptions, and no one has discussed
why trade-offs are the ideal methodology and
mentality to decide. At a macro level, COVID-19
tourism research should lead to de-, re-, and un-
thinking of pre-assumptions and mindsets such as
(Higgins-Desbiolles, 2020): globalisation as an
unstoppable force; neoliberalism as the best system
and decision-making tool for organising and
allocating resources; growth as the only path to
development and success.
Governments' Reactions to COVID-19: A New
Perspective
Businesses in all industries, including the tourism
industry, are looking forward to "business as usual."
To boost productivity, all industries are relying
heavily on "government stimulus packages and
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initiatives." For example, TUI, the world's largest
multinational tourism company, is enlisting the help
of the UK and German governments and has
announced cost-cutting measures across the board
(Higgins-Desbiolles, 2020). In the tourism economy,
the government has taken on a considerable role.
Research Methodology
This study is based on a number of high-quality
studies from a variety of online sites, publications,
and journals. The data was gathered from high-quality
research items, papers, journals and articles available
online; the researchers applied Google Scholar,
among other search databases, to get the information.
The results were collected based on their true
importance to the proposed study and were critically
reviewed to improve their understanding,
management of touristic affairs, and awareness of the
effect of covid19 to responsible tourism and then
further its need for a meaningful and improved
hospitality and tourism industry post covid-19 among
researchers, academicians, and hospitality and tour &
travel graduates.
Conclusion
The apparent importance of the tourism revitalization
experience impacts tourists' views and responsible
tourism aspirations; attitudes are influenced by both
operational and situational values, with the last one
having a stronger impact. Responsible tourism
preservation and involvement aspirations are
influenced by attitudes. Conditional value impacts
responsible tourism conservation intents, whereas
epistemic significance affects responsible tourism
preservation intents. The link between visitors'
relative benefits of the experiences and their
intentions for responsible tourism is mediated by
attitude. Sustainability of the natural tourism will
improve the effectiveness of sustainable tourism
implementation and provide a better approach to
combating untenable development activities induced
by internally or externally powers such as neoliberal
economics, global warming, epidemics, and other
disasters and mishaps. Provided that changing climate
is a big challenge for tourism development innovation
and production, as well as future directions such as
habitat destruction and social justice, it would be
worthwhile to investigate if there is an educational
transmission concerning political and social
misunderstanding and its influence on the
wastefulness of the tourism sector. Education and
training have been found as a key factor for installing
and supporting the sustainably responsible tourism
and in alignment with Sustainable Development Goal
2030 of United nations. However monetary
constraints and societal views were identified as
important impediments to passengers' capacity to
participate in more environmentally and morally
acceptable traveling alternatives and touristic trips.
Once the funds of worldwide and national
contributors are diverted to implementing a
framework of processes to actually fix community
discrepancies in skill sets and authority between both
the collectively answerable contributors can skills
development to start managing touristic affairs be
substantively moved to communitymembers. Despite
promised multi-level regulations developed in the
post era to avert such scenarios, these inequities still
result in deadlocks over local environmental
sustainability in tourism destinations.
The COVID-19 pandemic has halted worldwide
travel on an unprecedented scale, gravely disrupting
the neoliberal market processes of global tourism &
hospitality. As a result of this predicament, many
popular company models are declining while others
develop. According to an analysis of prior crisis
recovery procedures, the tourism & hospitality sector
is likely to recover from this unexpected market
shock, owing mostly to different types of government
assistance. Nonetheless, although authorities aim to
increase post-pandemic tourist resilience, their
subsidies and other activities help to sustain a
fundamentally broken market logic. As a result, the
crisis has led us to a fork in the road, providing us
with the perfect chance to choose a new route and
move forward by taking a more sustainable path.
COVID-19, in particular, provides a unique
opportunity for governmental, private, and academic
actors to create and cement the transition to a greener
and more balanced tourism. Tourism & Hospitality
Academics, for example, should take the lead in this
by changing their curriculum to equip future industry
leaders for more responsible travel and tourism.
The reasonable man [person] adapts himself to the
world: the unreasonable one persists in trying to adapt
the world to himself. Therefore, all progress depends
on the unreasonable man [person]- George Bernard
Shaw (Shaw, 1903, p. 124).COVID-19 is largely
regarded as a test, if not a game-changer, for the
travel and tourism industry. COVID-19's global crisis
saw international borders close around the world, aero
planes and other modes of transportation grounded,
tourists forced to return home, and people in many
parts of the world locked down and confined to their
homes in 2019–2020. (Becker, 2020; Higgins-
Desbiolles, 2020a). The problem has broader
ramifications for tourism since it sparked socio-
cultural and geo-strategic tensions as anti-Chinese
sentiment and racism intensified in response to
China's role as the virus's origin and dissemination
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(Jamal &Budke, 2020).Even small-scale local-level
activity is regarded damaging now that the tourism
sector has come to a halt and social distancing acts
are significant. People must consider the local
community as a whole (Lapointe, 2020). According
to Renaud (2020), the cruise tourism industry should
approve a "local mobility" concept, which would
prohibit large cruise ships but allow a fleet of smaller
ships. During a pandemic, societal togetherness, self-
sacrifice, and compassion are just as important as
donning a face mask to protect oneself and others.
After COVID-19, service providers will be able to
rethink and reset the tourism business for the future.
In the interests of local communities, a "community-
centered tourism framework" with appropriate
techniques to reset, re-describe, and refamiliarize the
tourism business is required. A better awareness of
the issues and actions faced by rural populations
could aid in the sector's transformation (Tremblay-
Huet, 2020). According to certain assessments, these
are critical moments for resetting the tourism business
(Higgins-Desbiolles, 2020). Domestic or "proximity
tourism" is being considered by developed countries,
based on local thought and action theory. Even after
the COVID-19, it was discovered that social
alienation and reduced mobility will be observed. As
a result, mobile and Web-based AR will be in high
demand to assure tourist safety while also creating
unique, accessible, personalised, context-specific,
deep, and memorable experiences. Consequences in
Practice This work can help various tourism DMOs
and policymakers build futuristic strategies for AR-
driven tourism management and development, in
addition to adding to the existing body of knowledge.
COVID-19 is a pandemic: never seen in the past
beforehand. In this context, the study distinguishes
itself by focusing solely on the components of AR
that can aid in the post-pandemic relaunch of tourism.
Some tourist scholars saw the COVID-19 issue as a
window of opportunity for transformational thinking.
The dispute dubbed "the war on tourism" is more
accurately described as a struggle of ideas over
tourism, pitting those who defend the status quo
through a return to business as usual against others
who see opportunities for greater sustainability,
equity, and justice. Tourism's post-pandemic future is
far from certain, and it is up to us, as members of the
tourism academy, to play our part, not as combatants
but as researchers. From a variety of perspectives, the
tourism business must demonstrate its resilience. To
make the industry more resilient, we recommend that
three segments, namely governments, market
participants, and local communities, work together. In
order to speed up developments in tourism and
hospitality, technological advancements must
progress to a greater level. Artificial intelligence (AI),
the Internet of Things (IoT), and technology related to
location, navigation, drones, and robotics are just a
few examples of areas where improvements are
needed. This can help the tourism business think
more creatively. This pandemic has prompted
industry leaders to investigate and evaluate other
technologies that are more suited to reviving the
sector and restoring consumer confidence. According
to existing literature, the tourism sector has
traditionally recovered quickly from the effects of
diseases, pandemics, and global crises. Governments,
on the other hand, recognise that COVID-19 is a one-
of-a-kind shock since unsold capacity will be
impossible to market in the future years, producing a
permanent setback for the industry. Governments
should attempt to create an environment in which
they can attract investors by offering a variety of
incentives in the spirit of neoliberalism, such as tax
rebates, loosening rigid land-use rules, and so on
(Brouder, 2020). To strengthen the sense of
belonging, governments may encourage tourism
enterprises to become more rooted in their
communities. Large-scale international firms in the
market have a different problem, focusing on local
supply chains to reduce costs. They might have to
rethink their strategies and rely on smaller,
subnational supply chains. This could mean obtaining
more resources locally, whether it's food, raw
materials, service providers, or the workforce's
makeup. Post-pandemic times may see a long-term
decline in the appeal of some growing areas that are
now judged too dangerous. A situation like this could
bode well for less popular, less inhabited locations by
allowing them to boost their appeal as potential
tourist destinations.
Future Research Agenda
COVID-19 has resulted in unparalleled human
casualties in life-altering circumstances. Because of
the magnitude of the pandemic's shock and impact,
research in all domains is classified as pre-COVID-19
or post-COVID-19. Economic, environmental, and
social setbacks, as well as policy recommendations to
address them, will undoubtedly characterise post-
COVID-19 research. Given the sensitivity of the
tourism industry to this pandemic crisis, the body of
knowledge in the field of tourism need some swift
and sound work to prepare for the future.
Overall, COVID-19 tourism research should serve as
a tool for more than just overcoming the crisis and
resuming previously established economic growth
paths. It should lead the refocusing, repurposing,
reframing, and re-interpretation of research topics,
methodology, and conclusions, allowing tourism
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stakeholders to re-direct their actions, conduct, and
evolution. To that aim, embedding, adapting,
reflecting, and expanding the theoretical lenses and
viewpoints of a much broader diversity of disciplines
and constructs to lead and implement research will
improve COVID-19 tourist research.
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