variations in conversion specifier

1. Topic: Format specifiers for scanf()
function
BY: K SAI KIRAN

2. Background of scanf() fun' :

The usually used input statement is scanf ()
function.

Syntax of scanf function is
scanf (“format string”, argument list);

The format string must be a text enclosed in
double quotes. It contains the information for
interpreting the entire data for connecting it into
internal representation in memory.

Example: integer (%d) , float (%f) , character
(%c) or string (%s).

3. 
Example: if i is an integer and j is a floating
point number, to input these two numbers we
may use

4. Output for the previous program:

5. The following shows code in C that reads a variable
number of formatted decimal integers from the console
and prints out each of them on a separate line:

6. Output for the previous program:

7. Unusual conversion specifier:

Example: The code
below reads
characters and prints
it back.

The unusal
conversion code here
is “ %[^n] “ .

8. Output for the previous program:

9. Analyzing the unusual conversion
specifier %[

This is the weirdest format specifier . It allows you to specify a set of
characters to be stored away (likely in an array of chars). Conversion
stops when a character that is not in the set is matched.

For example, %[A-E] means "match all alphabets A through E."

10. 
We can tell scanf() to match characters that are not in the
set by putting a caret (^) directly after the %[ and following
it with the set, like this: %[^A-C], which means "match all
characters that are not A through C."

Example:

11. 
To match a close square bracket, make it the
first character in the set, like this: %[]A-C] or %
[^]A-C]. (I added the "A-C" just so it was clear
that the "]" was first in the set.)

To match a hyphen, make it the last character
in the set: %[A-C-].

So if we wanted to match all letters except "%",
"^", "]", "B", "C", "D", "E", and "-", we could use
this format string: %[^]%^B-E-].

12. 
THANK YOU