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Mbb32
1.
2.
Money, Banking, and Business Lecture
32 Chapter 18 Inernational Financial System
3.
Questions?
4.
Two Periods 1944 to
1973 After 1973
5.
Bretton Woods 1944 Official Reserve
Currency U.S. Dollar Fixed Exchange Rates $35 = one ounce of Gold
6.
Official Reserve Account Record of
government transactions in the FX to keep the balance of payments in balance
7.
Too much pressure
on Fixed Rate? Devaluation Set a new exchange rate
8.
Too much pressure
on Fixed Rate? Devaluation Set a new lower exchange rate
9.
August 15, 1971 Nixon
drops Gold-Standard Fixed to Float
10.
Pegged Some Countries still have
a fixed exchange rate to the dollar
11.
Venezuelan Bolívar 6.30 49,600
12.
Venezuelan Bolívar 6.30 49,600
13.
Competition
14.
15.
$35 - $41 $1,325 Lost
97% of value
16.
1971 -2017 48 years Lost
97% of value
17.
18.
Assist countries to maintain
balance of payments
19.
20.
Issues bonds (borrows) to
make loans to countries 189 countries
21.
IBRD 12-15 yr rate plus IDA 35-40
yr interest free
22.
IFC Private Enterprises Create Stock
Markets
23.
1930 Basel, Switzerland 60 countries A
Bank for Central Bank Standards
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