This is my presentation during i still studied in STKIP PGRI Bangkalan exactly at 5th semester when when i got sociolinguitics material of speech

2. NATURAL SPEECH & SPEECH EVENT
GROUP 13
ARIS NURACHMAN
( 1035511012 )
KUSDIANTO KUSUMA R.
( 1035511005)

3. Natural Speech
Natural speech is speech or languge that has
evolved naturally as a means of communication
among people. It can also be defined as a
language used as a native tongue by a group of
speakers. For example Madurese, Javanese,
English, and many others.

4. The learning of one's own native tongue, typically that
of one's parents, normally occurs spontaneously in early
human childhood and is biologically, socially and
ecologically driven. A crucial role of this process is the
ability of humans from an early age to engage in speech
repetition and so quickly acquire a spoken vocabulary
from the pronunciation of words spoken around them.

5. This unique ability of communicating through a
native speech clearly separate humans from all
animals. The obvious question then arises, where
did we obtain this distinctive trait? Organic
evolution has proven unable to elucidate the origin
of language and communication. Knowing how
beneficial this ability is to humans, one would
wonder why this skill has not evolved in other
species. Materialistic science is insufficient at
explaining not only how speech came about, but also
why we have so many different languages.

6. Natural speech is the embodiment of human
cognition and human intelligence. It is very evident
that natural speech includes an abundance of vague
and indefinite phrases and statements that
correspond to imprecision in the underlying
cognitive concepts.

7. Essential Concepts
- All speeches are systematic. They are governed by a set of
interrelated systems that include phonology, graphics
(usually), morphology, syntax, lexicon, and semantics.
- All natural speeches are conventional and arbitrary. They
obey rules, such as assigning a particular word to a particular
thing or concept. But there is no reason that this particular
word was originally assigned to this particular thing or
concept.
- All natural speeches are redundant, meaning that the
information in a sentence is signaled in more than one way.
- All natural speeches change. There are various ways a
language can change and various reasons for this change.

8. SPEECH EVENTS
A speech event is an activity in which participants interact
via language in some conventional way to arrive at some
outcome.
- may include one obvious central speech act
- may include other utterances leading up to and
subsequently reacting to that central action

9. A: Oh, Mary, I'm glad you're here.
B: What's up?
A: I can't get my computer to work. the request is the whole speech event,
B: Is it broken? not a single speech act.
A: I don't think so.
B: What's it doing? no actual request is made
A: I don't know. I'm useless with computers.
B: What kind is it?
A: It's a Mac. Do you use them?
B: Yeah.
A: Do you have a minute?
B: Sure.
A: Oh, great
- the question 'Do you have a minute?' could be characterized as a pre-request
allowing the hearer to
say that she's busy or that she has to be somewhere else.
- the response 'Sure' is taken to be an acknowledgement not only of having time
available, but willingness to perform the unstated action