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14. anaeli. use of cannabis on ibd
1. A N A E L I S H O C K E Y L Ó P E Z
U N I V E R S I T Y O F P U E R T O R I C O
D E P A R T M E N T O F C H E M I S T R Y
B I O L 3 0 9 5
The use of Cannabis sativa as an anti-
inflammatory for Crohn’s Disease.
2. Crohn’s Disease
What is it?
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)
Symptoms
Abdominal pain
Inflammation
Immune system
Vomiting
Diarrhea
Loss of appetite/weight loss
Rectal pain/rectal bleeding
4. Cannabis sativa
What is it?
Composition
Cannabinoids
Direct involvement with the anti-inflammatory effect (Burstein,
Zurier. 2009)
Cannabidiol
Cannabinoid receptors
CB1 and CB2 (Pertwee. 2008)
CB1 = brain
CB2 = immune system
5. THC (Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol)
Mediated by the CB1 receptor (Cooper, Haney. 2009)
How does THC affect the brain?
Neurotransmiters
Specific effects on each part of the brain
8. Cannabis on IBD
Recent treatment
Studies
Mice
Inflammation
Croton oil
Dinitrobenzene acid
Results:
Cannabidiol is active when there is an inflammatory stimulus.
(Capasso, et al. 2008)
Cannabidiol reduces colon injury. (Borrelli, et al. 2009)
9. Cannabis on IBD
Humans
Surveys
Results
Relieved abdominal pain, diarrhea and reduced appetite. (Lal,
et al. 2011)
• Endocannabinoids
Protection of the gut against inflammation. (Sabatino, et al. 2011)
Reduced symptoms
• Amount of drugs and surgeries needed were reduced. (Naftali, et al.
2011)
10. Legalization Issues
Countries
Synthetic cannabis
Structure
State
Health effects
Unknown according to the Drug Foundation.
11. Conclusion
Crohn’s Disease
IBD
Cannabis sativa
Cannabinoids
Cannabidiol
Cannabinoid receptors
The brain and immune system
Reduced symptoms
12. References
1. Borrelli F, Aviello G, Romano B, Orlando P, Capasso R, Maiello F, Guadagno F,
Petrosino S, Capasso F, Di Marzo V, Izzo A. 2009. Cannabidiol, a safe and non-
psychotropic ingredient of the marijuana plant Cannabis sativa, is protective in a
murine model of colitis. J Mol Med 87:1111–1121. Doi :10.1007/s00109-009-0512-x
2. Burstein S, Zurier R. 2009. Cannabinoids, Endocannabinoids, and Related
Analogs in Inflammation. [Internet] [Cited 2012 Nov 24] AAPS J.11(1): 109–119.
doi: 10.1208/s12248-009-9084-5 Available from:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2664885/
3. Capasso R, Borrelli F, Aviello G, Romano B, Scalisi C, Capasso F, Izzo AA. 2008.
Cannabidiol, extracted from cannabis sativa, selectively inhibits inflammatory
hypermotility in mice. Br J Pharmacol 154(5):1001-8.
4. Cooper Z, Haney M. 2009. Actions of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol in cannabis.
Int Rev Psychiatry. [Internet] [Cited 2012 Nov 24] 21(2): 104–112. doi:
10.1080/09540260902782752 Available from:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2731700/
13. References
5. Di Sabatino A, Battista N, Biancheri P, Rapino C, Rovedatti L, Astarita G, Vanoli A, Dainese
E, Guerci M, Piomelli D, Pender S, Pender L, Pender F, MacDonald T, MacDonald T,
Maccarrone M, Corazza G, Corazza R. 2011. Mucosal Immunology 4: 574–583;
doi:10.1038/mi.2011.18 Available from:
http://www.nature.com/mi/journal/v4/n5/full/mi201118a.html
6. Lal S, Prasad N, Ryan M, Tangri S, Silverberg M, Gordon A, Steinhart H. 2011. Cannabis use
amongst patients with inflammatory bowel disease. European Journal of Gastroenterology &
Hepatology 23(10):891-896
7. Naftali T, Bar Lev L, Yableknovitz D, Half E and Konikoff F. 2011. Treatment of Crohn’s
Disease with Cannabis: An Observational Study. [Internet]. [Cited 2012 Nov 24] 13:455-457
Available from: http://www.letfreedomgrow.com/cmu/Crohns-ar11aug-01.pdf
8. Pertwee RG. 2008. Ligands that target cannabinoid receptors in the brain: from THC to
anandamide and beyond. Institute of Medical Sciences, Aberdeen, UK. 13(2):147-59.
9. Schoenfeld A, Wu G. 2010. Crohn’s Disease. [Internet] [Cited 2012 Nov 24] Available from:
http://www.medicinenet.com/crohns_disease/article.htm
10. Synthetic cannabinoids. Available from: http://www.drugfoundation.org.nz/synthetic-
cannabinoids
IBD. Chronic inflammation of the intestines. Ultimately affects. Immune system. Different types = different symptoms. Abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea, loss of appetite, weight loss, rectal pain, fever, night sweats, rectal bleeding.
Surgeries and medication: anti-inflammatory agents, topical antibiotics, and immune-modulators.
Medicine for 5,000 years. Cannabis-cannabinoids-cannabidiol. Cannabinoids have a direct involvement with the anti-inflammatory effect of cannabis. CB1 receptors are located in the brain and CB2 in the immune system.
Most important cannabinoid. THC mimics or blocks the actions of neurotransmitters (chemicals that allows neurons to communicate with each other)
Multiple sclerosis, ADHD, AIDS, glaucoma, insomnia, asthma, migraines, etc.
Positive feedback. Use of cannabidiol is helpful in normalizing intestinal functions. Abdominal pain in inflammatory diseases was reduced with the use of cannabis.
Abdominal pain in inflammatory diseases was reduced with the use of cannabis.Endocannabinoids (substances that are produced within the body that activate cannabinoid receptors) agonists are involved in the protection of the gut against inflammation. Reduced drugs and surgeries.
Still not considered safe for human consumption. Different cannabinoid structures than actual cannabinoids.The synthetic cannabinoids are liquid in their original state and solidify when they are combined with dry herbs. Unknown.
IBD. Marijuana, cannabinoids, THC. CB1 and CB2. Different parts of the brain. Cannabinoids, cannabidiol and endocannabinoids = reduced symptoms, specially inflammation.