2. CONTENTSOFTHIS PRESENTATION
1. A slide structure based on COVID-19 (Coronavirus disease-2019)
2. An assortment of data and thesis about the effects of sanitizers and
precautions to be taken in consideration.
3. General statistical data, symptoms and information about novel coronavirus
disease.
4. Commonly used household sanitisers.
5. Step by step guide to make a sanitiser at home.
3. TABLEOFCONTENTS
The effect of sanitisers on
living and non living bodies.
01
Section1
Common household sanitisers
Section2
Precautions to be considered
while using sanitizers
Section3
02
03
04
Section4
General overview
6. Pathogensandviruses
Howdoes itwork?
The key ingredient in most hand
sanitizers is alcohol. Alcohols destroy
disease-causing agents, or pathogens,
by breaking apart proteins, splitting cells
into pieces or damaging a cell's
metabolism, according to a 2014 review
published in the journal Clinical
Microbiology Reviews.
Howmuchisneeded?
Solutions with as little as 30% alcohol
have some pathogen-killing ability, and
the effectiveness increases with
increasing alcohol concentration. Studies
have shown that alcohol kills a more
broad variety
of bacteria and viruses when the
concentration exceeds 60%, and it works
faster as the concentration increases. But
the effectiveness of alcohol seems to
top out at about a 90-95%
concentration.
Thepluspoint
Another strength of alcohol is that
the bacteria it kills don't develop a
resistance to it, so alcohol doesn't lose
effectiveness with continued use.
01
02
03
7. HUMANSKINCELLS
Residue
Sanitisers do not clean or get rid
of any grease or dirt that may be
on your hands nor does it clean
food residue on your fingers
Dryness
Alcohol in hand sanitizers irritates and
dries out the skin. This makes it
susceptible to cracks and contact
dermatitis.
Allergies
Some ‘alcohol free’ hand sanitizers use triclosan
instead of alcohol. This product is used in cleaning
agents and in pesticides. It can penetrate in the
skin layers and cause allergic reactions.
NaturalBarriers
Hand sanitizers contain over 60% of alcohol,
which breaks down the essential proteins and
lipids on the skin, thus weakening its natural
ability to fight outside infections.
13. SoapandWater
TheHow…
The soap removes the viral particles
that have attached themselves to
surfaces whether it’s your hands, face or
countertops and suspends them in the
water, so they can be washed away.
Theplus+point
Most of the cleaning
products we call soap are
actually detergents that not
only remove the germs from
surfaces, but also kill them.
TheWhy….
The virus has an outside coating, and
the stuff inside DNA or RNA is what
actually causes the disease. For a
virus, that coating is a protein, and
the soap or detergent break up that
coating, thereby killing the virus
Theother+pluspoint
Soap is effective in cleaning
grime and grease that
sanitisers cannot remove and
disinfect
14. Bleach
Bleach is very effective at
killing the coronavirus, as
well as virtually every
other germ on the face of
the planet
the CDC formula for making a
diluted bleach solution: Use 5
tablespoons (1/3 cup) of bleach
in one gallon of water or 4
teaspoons of bleach in one
quart of water.
its active ingredient sodium
hypochlorite is effective in killing
bacteria, fungi and viruses,
including influenza virus – but it
is easily inactivated by organic
material.
Diluted household bleach
disinfects within 10–60
minutes contact time. is
widely available at a low
cost, and is recommended
for surface disinfection in
health-care facilities.
Improper use of bleach, including
deviation from recommended
dilutions (either stronger or
weaker), may reduce its
effectiveness for disinfection and
can injure health-care workers.
However, bleach irritates mucous
membranes, the skin and the airways;
decomposes under heat and light;
and reacts easily with other
chemicals. Therefore, bleach should
be used with caution
15. HydrogenPeroxide(&sodiumHypochlorite)
1. sodium hypochlorite and hydrogen peroxide disinfectants have
significantly higher bactericidal efficacies than quaternary ammonium
chloride disinfectants.
2. The efficacies of sodium hypochlorite and hydrogen peroxide
disinfectants do not vary between strains.
3. It is also used to combat excessive microbial growth in water systems
and cooling towers.
Antimicrobial disinfectants are used as primary treatment
options against pathogens on surfaces in healthcare facilities
to help prevent healthcare associated infections (HAIs).
17. LISTOFINGREDIENTS
1/3 cup 92% aloe vera gel
01 03
02 04
A basic funnel, Plastic
travel bottles, Nitrile
gloves
2/3 cup 99% isopropyl
alcohol.
8 - 10 drops of essential
oils.
18. Steps
● Isopropyl alcohol is highly flammable and will burn your skin should it come into
direct contact with your hands. You should use nitrile gloves as a general
precaution.
● Pour the isopropyl alcohol and aloe vera gel into the bowl. As hand sanitizers
need to contain at least 60% alcohol to be effective, you should ideally maintain
a 2:1 ratio of isopropyl alcohol to aloe vera gel. For every 4oz of isopropyl alcohol
you add, you should mix 2oz of aloe vera gel.
● Add essential oils to the mix if needed. You don't necessarily need essential oils,
but if you like a particular smell, you can add a few drops of oil.
● Stir the ingredients together with a spoon and pour them into plastic bottles
using a funnel. Your hand sanitizer is ready to go.
20. Precautions
Don’t
1. Avoid touching your eyes, mouth and nose immediately after
using an alcohol-based hand sanitizer, as it can cause irritation.
2. Hand sanitizers recommended to protect against COVID-19 are
alcohol-based and therefore can be flammable. Do not use
before handling fire or cooking.
3. Under no circumstance, drink or let children swallow an
alcohol-based hand sanitizer. It can be poisonous.
Do
1. Apply a coin-sized amount on your hands.
There is no need to use a large amount of the
product.
2. Remember that washing your hands with soap
and water is also effective against COVID-19.
3. Keep alcohol-based hand sanitizers out of
children’s reach. Teach them how to apply the
sanitizer and monitor its use.
23. SYMPTOMS
Mostcommon
● Fever, dry cough,
tiredness
Lesscommon
● aches and pains, sore throat, diarrhoea
conjunctivitis, headache, loss of taste or smell,
a rash on skin, or discoloration of fingers or
toes
SeriousSymptoms
● difficulty breathing or shortness
of breath, chest pain or pressure,
loss of speech or movement
01
02
03
24. SELFCARE&PREVENTION
PREVENTION
Clean your hands often. Use soap and
water, or an alcohol-based hand
rub. Maintain a safe distance
from anyone who is coughing or
sneezing. Don’t touch your eyes,
nose or mouth.
SELFCARE
If you feel sick you should rest, drink
plenty of fluid, and eat nutritious food.
Stay in a separate room from other
family members, and use a dedicated
bathroom if possible. Clean and
disinfect frequently touched surfaces.
By WHO
By WHO
