2. CONETNT
CLIMATIC CHANGE IMPACT ON SOILS : ADAPTATION & MITIGATION
WHAT IS CLIMATE CHANGE ?
CAUSES OF CLIMATE CHANGE
FACTORS AFFECTING CLIMATE CHANGE ON SOIL
ADAPTATION & MITIGATION OF CLIMATE CHANGE
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
3. CLIMATIC CHANGE IMPACT ON SOILS :
ADAPTATION AND MITIGATION
• INTRODUCTION:
The climate change has emerged as a major threat to agricultural production and has been
found to have considerable adverse effects on performance and management of agroecosystems.
Aspect of climate change is the increase in the incidence of extreme events such as drought, floods,
cyclon and earthquakes which will have resources and livelihoods.
For the past some decades the gaseous composition of earths atmosphere is
undergoing a significant change , largely through increased emissions from energy industry and
agriculture sectors; widespread deforestation as well as fast changes in land use and land management
practices.
These anthropogenic activities are resulting in an increased emission of radiatively
active gases popularly known as the ‘greenhouse gases’. These GHGs trap the outgoing infrared
radiations from the earths surface and thus raise the temperature of the atmosphere.
4.
5. WHAT IS CLIMATE CHANGE ?
• Climate change is a long-term change in the average conditions, like temperature and
precipitation, over a more than thirty-year period.
• When average long term weather patterns of a region are altered for an extended period
of time , typically decades or longer is known as “CLIMATE CHANGE” .
• Examples include- Shifts in wind patterns, the average temperature or the amount of
precipitation.
6. CAUSES OF CLIMATE CHANGE
• There are two factors causing climate change :
1. Natural –
Volcanic eruptions
Variation in earths orbit
Changes in intensity
2. Human driven –
Deforestation
Burning fossil fuels
Increasing Greenhouse gases level
7. FACTOR AFFECTING CLIMATE CHANGE
ON SOIL
1. Soil erosion –
• Climate change will affect rates of soil erosion.
• This is because reduced rainfall in southern states may lead to drier topsoils and reduce soil
structure more frequent extreme weather events will bring heavy downpours.
2. Soil organic carbon-
• Soil organic carbon (SOC) is a key indicator of soil health.
8. • SOC also has a role in climate change mitigation.
• Changes in the quantity of carbon stored in the soil can affect the global carbon cycle and alter carbon
dioxide levels in the atmosphere.
3. Soil nutrients-
• Soil is the major source of the nutrients needed by plants for growth.
• Higher levels of nutrients indicate more fertile soils and increased agricultural productivity.
• Changes in nutrient levels will also affect natural ecosystem.
9. 4. Acidity and alkalinity (pH) –
• Soil pH is a measure of acidity or alkalinity .
• Changes in soil pH may also affect natural ecosystems, which have normally established under particular
pH ranges.
• This issue may need to be considered and addressed by ecosystems managers.
10. ADAPTATION AND MITIGATION OF
CLIMATAE CHANGE
1. ADAPTION-
• Agriculture can adapt to climate change by adopting farm management practices that minimize the
adverse effects of increasing or decreasing rainfall and temperature or other extreme weather
conditions.
• Many management levels adaption options – zero tillage , retaining crop residues, increasing the
diversity of production,altering amounts and timing of external inputs.
11. 2. MITIGATION –
• Agriculture can contribute to climate change mitigation through farm management practices - reduce
greenhouse gas emissions and enhance soil carbon sequestration.
• Emissions of carbon dioxide can be reduced through reduced biomass burning and more efficient energy use.
• Agro-ecosystems can play an important role in mitigating CO2 emissions through biotic C sequestration in
soils and vegetation.
12.
13.
14. CONCLUSION :
• Climate change is a reality.
• Anthropogenic ( man made ) activities are not playing major role present
climate change.
• Indian agriculture is likely to suffer losses due to heat, erratic weather, and
decreased irrigation availability.
• Climate change mitigation role limited but important.
• Climate change adaption role substantial.
15. REFERENCE :
• Brouder,S.M. and Volenec,J.J.(2008) Impact of climate change on crop
nutrient and water use efficiencies.Physiologia Plantarum 133 : 705-724.
