![© De La Rue International Limited 2015
• Taking a look back at the foundation of a
person-centric ID system – CRVS and its benefits
• A Sound CRVS system as a facilitation and safety
mechanism at borders – it’s all about the data
• The risks of building ID management systems without
a secure foundation and without a sustainable
ecosystem
• CRVS as the robust foundation of a larger digital
Identity
Page 2[PUBLIC] [SENSITIVE] [PRIVATE]
Agenda](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)
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Connect ID Sophie Taylor 2015
- 1. © De La Rue International Limited 2015© De La Rue International Limited 2013 Sophie Taylor - Programme Lead Civil Registration and Vital Statistics Creating Sustainable Person-Centric Identity Management Solutions Photo by kind permission of Plan International
- 2. © De La Rue International Limited 2015 • Taking a look back at the foundation of a person-centric ID system – CRVS and its benefits • A Sound CRVS system as a facilitation and safety mechanism at borders – it’s all about the data • The risks of building ID management systems without a secure foundation and without a sustainable ecosystem • CRVS as the robust foundation of a larger digital Identity Page 2[PUBLIC] [SENSITIVE] [PRIVATE] Agenda
- 3. © De La Rue International Limited 2015 Civil Registration and Vital Statistics United Nations define CRVS as: “the continuous, permanent, compulsory, and universal recording of the occurrence and characteristics of vital events (live births, deaths, foetal deaths, marriages and divorces)... and as provided through decree of regulation, in accordance with the legal requirement in each country” 1 . United Nations (UN). Principles and recommendations for a vital statistics system, Revision 2. UN, 2001. Connect ID, Washington DC, 23-25 March 2015
- 4. © De La Rue International Limited 2015 The Benefits Providing the foundation and planning for the efficient and effective use of resources Identity Immigration & Border Control Health Education State Benefits Driving Licence/ Vehicle Registration Land Registry International CRVS architecture Connect ID, Washington DC, 23-25 March 2015
- 5. © De La Rue International Limited 2015 Globally, the births of nearly 230 million children under age five have never been recorded, they do not officially exist. In 2012 alone, 57 million infants – four out of every ten babies delivered worldwide that year – were not registered with civil authorities 80% of deaths that occur outside health facilities are not counted in countries in most need of CRVS. The Reality Today .... Connect ID, Washington DC, 23-25 March 2015
- 6. © De La Rue International Limited 2015 Global GDP continues to grow Travel and border control/crossings will continue to increase Who is going to be crossing your border? And Tomorrow.... Connect ID, Washington DC, 23-25 March 2015
- 7. © De La Rue International Limited 2015 The Foundation Connect ID, Washington DC, 23-25 March 2015
- 8. © De La Rue International Limited 2015 NOTIFY RECORD REGISTER REPORT USE An accepted approach to CRVS The Approach Connect ID, Washington DC, 23-25 March 2015
- 9. © De La Rue International Limited 2015 Security and Facilitation Country X 35 year old male Unverified locally issued birth cert from local chief No formal ID number No trusted ID documentation Applies for passport for 1st time; what do you do? Arcadia 35 year old male Registered within civil registry Unique ID Multiple trusted ID documents and data entries in trusted government database Applies for passport for 1st time; what do you do? Page 9[PUBLIC] [SENSITIVE] [PRIVATE] Connect ID, Washington DC, 23-25 March 2015 ?
- 10. © De La Rue International Limited 2015 Security and Facilitation Country X 35 year old male Unverified locally issued birth cert from local chief No formal ID number No trusted ID documentation Applies for passport for 1st time; what do you do? Arcadia 35 year old male Registered within civil registry Unique ID Multiple trusted ID documents and data entries in trusted government database Applies for passport for 1st time; what do you do? Page 10[PUBLIC] [SENSITIVE] [PRIVATE] Connect ID, Washington DC, 23-25 March 2015 ?
- 11. © De La Rue International Limited 2015 Security and Facilitation Country X 35 year old male Unverified locally issued birth cert from local chief No formal ID number No trusted ID documentation Applies for passport for 1st time; what do you do? Arcadia 35 year old male Registered within civil registry Unique ID Multiple trusted ID documents and data entries in trusted government database Applies for passport for 1st time; what do you do? Page 11[PUBLIC] [SENSITIVE] [PRIVATE] Connect ID, Washington DC, 23-25 March 2015 ?
- 12. © De La Rue International Limited 2015 Continuous Permanent Compulsory Universal A Sustainable Eco-System Page 12[PUBLIC] [SENSITIVE] [PRIVATE] Legislation Operational process Training Connect ID, Washington DC, 23-25 March 2015 Communication & Infrastructure
- 13. © De La Rue International Limited 2015 Data; The Foundation of an Identity Connect ID, Washington DC, 23-25 March 2015 Personal Data >>> Government database Trusted digital Identity Downstream access to benefits, services & rights
- 14. © De La Rue International Limited 2015 Creating a Digital Identity Footprint Connect ID, Washington DC, 23-25 March 2015
- 15. © De La Rue International Limited 2015 Connect ID, Washington DC, 23-25 March 2015 Sophie Taylor Programme Lead – Civil Registration and Vital Statistics De La Rue, Solutions Creating a Sustainable Person-Centric Identity Management Solution Take a step back and look at the foundations Thank You
Editor's Notes
- Civil registration is the act of recording and documenting of vital events in a person’s life (including birth, marriage, divorce, adoption and death) It is a fundamental function of all governments Within governments, civil registration systems are the responsibility of a number of ministries or departments, including ministries of health, ministries of interior, ministries of justice and national statistical offices CLICK Why is it so important? Civil registration contributes to public administration and governance by providing individuals with legal identity and civil status Civil registration also generates vital statistics information for use in public service planning Only 55 low to middle income countries in the world have Vital Registration systems; others rely on sample surveys and household surveys to collate information Despite an overall increase in global birth registration rates, more than 100 developing countries still do not have functioning and efficient registration systems: Without CRVS, individuals don’t have an official identity so never have access to a passport or other services CLICK
- There are a huge amount of benefits to understanding your population. BENEFITS TO BOTH GOVERNMENT & THE CITIZEN The National Statistics Office in a country can compile disaggregated data to assist in the planning and smooth running of practically all government services ranging from Healthcare, education, Electoral registration, the justice system, and key infrastructure development such as energy and network connectivity. Today, I would like to focus on the role that Civil Registration plays , as the foundation of an Identity Management System, in regard to the efficiency and security CLICK of border control and secure travel. [CLAIRE CAN WE HAVE THESE TWO APPEARING TOGETHER AFTER A CLICK?] But it is not a quick win and it’s not easy. It is about investing now for future trust, future integrity and future facilitation... It is about those children who are born today and want to access their right to travel when they are older. We all know that this is ultimately about the security of identity data. If we can get it right at the core from day 1; the day that a child is registered as being born to it’s parents; if we can create a concrete and secure Identity at that point, that person’s identity lifecycle and it’s security is robust for the rest of their life.
- Let’s put it into context.... The reality today... [CAN THESE 3 POINTS BELOW BE INTRODUCED ONE BY ONE ON THE SLIDE?] CLICK Globally, the births of nearly 230 million children under the age of 5 have never been recorded: they do not officially exist. CLICK In 2012 alone, 57 million infants – four out of every ten babies delivered worldwide that year – were not registered with civil authorities. If current levels persist, the number of unregistered children in eastern and southern Africa alone will rise to 55 million by 2050 (from 44million today) and will almost double in West and Central Africa. CLICK Progress with death registration globally has been even slower: 80% of deaths that occur outside health facilities are not counted in countries in most need of CRVS This problem is only going to get harder to solve the longer we leave it. CLICK
- So what does this mean for border efficiency and security? 100 years ago, one could argue that these unregistered people wouldn’t travel... But the pace of the world’s growing economies and access to disposable incomes now means that those born today will become wealthier, will have access to travel and so will cross borders. Many of the 57million children born in 2012 will expect to own travel documents and will obtain them through whatever means available. Right now - Every 60 seconds, 52 aircrafts take off and 5700 passengers are boarding aircraft globally. How do we know who they are? CLICK Who is going to be crossing our borders? CLICK
- What we are talking about here is ‘Evidence of Identity’. ICAO are already aware of this and have set up the Traveller Identification Programme – TRIP Strategy – to begin to support governments to improve their processes. As we all know, evidence of Identity is THE FOUNDATION of the whole piece. ICAO’s goal to lead and reinforce a global approach, and to provide direction for action by ICAO, States and the many international, regional and industry partners in identification management Importantly ICAO is working to determine the links between EoI and the secure issuance and control of MRTDs as well as the inspection systems and tools that read these documents and to ensure that the business processes used are all interoperable between functions In short, getting it Right means: Enhanced security & improved facilitation @ borders. This means high trust in the foundations of identity and a persons right’s and entitlements If we get it Wrong: we end up with Low trust in breeder documents weakening down stream uses and the undermining the entire basis of an individual’s legal identity and their right to travel;
- So, taking a step back. Let’s look at how a Civil Registry should process Vital Event data. This is a business approach to registering identities in Civil Registries. One ensures that you set up a secure business process to a) notify an event has taken place, b) it is recorded, c) put into a secure register from where it can d) be pulled anonymously for data purposes and where, importantly, other government services can validate and verify entitlement of the applicant for other government services such as passports, ID cards etc. Essentially, this enables the use of breeder documentation and data for onward verification of identity Many countries today don’t have this process, either digitally, or manually. We need to start small here, get it right here, then build into e-Government in the future
- Putting it into the travel facilitation and security context, we can see what a difference a CRVS foundation can make to downstream applications. In many countries today – 55 low-to middle income countries in fact, there is no functioning CRVS system. Therefore an applicant can come to a passport issuing authority in that country without any formal identification to come and apply for his international travel document. Despite there being many red-flags in his application, as we can see, the country will struggle to deny him his document. On the other hand, in countries where CRVS is established and supports these application procedures, we can perceive interoperable systems allowing for verification to take place of the data contained within a Civil Registry – to check the identity of an individual, to check the authenticity of a document and to ensure that the applicant is genuinely entitled to the passport or ID card and the benefits derived from possessing it.
- Putting it into the travel facilitation and security context, we can see what a difference a CRVS foundation can make to downstream applications. In many countries today – 55 low-to middle income countries in fact, there is no functioning CRVS system. Therefore an applicant can come to a passport issuing authority in that country without any formal identification to come and apply for his international travel document. Despite there being many red-flags in his application, as we can see, the country will struggle to deny him his document. On the other hand, in countries where CRVS is established and supports these application procedures, we can perceive interoperable systems allowing for verification to take place of the data contained within a Civil Registry – to check the identity of an individual, to check the authenticity of a document and to ensure that the applicant is genuinely entitled to the passport or ID card and the benefits derived from possessing it.
- Putting it into the travel facilitation and security context, we can see what a difference a CRVS foundation can make to downstream applications. In many countries today – 55 low-to middle income countries in fact, there is no functioning CRVS system. Therefore an applicant can come to a passport issuing authority in that country without any formal identification to come and apply for his international travel document. Despite there being many red-flags in his application, as we can see, the country will struggle to deny him his document. On the other hand, in countries where CRVS is established and supports these application procedures, we can perceive interoperable systems allowing for verification to take place of the data contained within a Civil Registry – to check the identity of an individual, to check the authenticity of a document and to ensure that the applicant is genuinely entitled to the passport or ID card and the benefits derived from possessing it.
- So how do we ensure that even when we have mapped the process and want to implement the CRVS foundation, that we can make it sustainable? We need to look at the ‘ecosystem’ that it will be part of. We remember that for a Civil Registration and Vital statistics system to be a success, it must be [Can each one click in??]Continuous / permanent / compulsory / universal. For this to be the case, and to be able to truly be a fortified foundation for all over government identity services, it needs to be a sustainable asset. It requires: [Can each piece of the pie come in on a click??] CLICK Up to date and valid LEGISLATION, including regulation, for the full functionality of the system, and downstream use of personal and disaggregated data by government. CLICK A fully mapped out OPERATIONAL PROCESS; one that allows for security of data, integration of legacy systems if they exist and a future services roadmap CLICK It requires full TRAINING and capacity building of its users – the registrars, the system managers, the back end process managers – these are skilled and vitally important roles which should not be given to those without proper understanding of their importance – what is the plan to support these functions in the long term? The roll out of such a system and process, whether manual or automated must be communicated to the public in a way that the universality and compulsory nature of it is understood. This is often where failure in ‘national’ systems happens. What are the mechanisms, in marketing and technology, to access the population, to explain Civil Registration, its benefits, its requirements? How can full penetration into a country be planned and executed? What are the right conditions for this? CLICK This takes us into the energy, transport and COMMUNICATION ecosystem: As a CRVS system needs to be universal and permanent - many fail due to lack of sustainable energy (diesel generators require fuel, registrars are only able to visit and stay in a territory for a while before they need to return to a base to refuel/recharge etc. How can we make these services stay out in the field permanently. How can we allow citizens access to them from every corner of a country, no matter how remote their village may be? The hardware and software options should be based on this ecosystem. It is not good enough to install an expensive system in the capital city and still only have 15% Vital Event Registration 5 years later. We need to get the sustainability ecosystem right to get CRVS right, to get a Digital ID foundation right. Because only when you have a fully engaged and counted population in a CRVS database, can you rely on the outputs to be truly wholly trustworthy.
- With a good ecosystem established we can build an identity on a solid, sustainable foundation upon which a digital ID can be built. Because here is the thing..... The foundation, the back-end of the system, must be person- centric [ can we make the person in the slide flash or throb??]. This is not just the case of issuing documents. The raison d’etre of these databases is to affiliate all Civil registry data to a unique individual and to map this for legal purposes. This is frustrating as most systems in place today for passport and identity card issuance are document-centric systems so they are not built to talk to one another, integrate and hold data in the same way. It may mean that as a government, you need to re-invest to realise your digital ID future. It will require a lot of political will and engaging stakeholders across government. This is not easy, but is the best way to generate the savings and efficiencies of Identity Management and Digital Identification in the long-term. A person’s birth, their marriage, their change of name, the births of their children, their adoption of children, their divorces, their death, all must be assigned, chronicled and archived to their name securely. The information held within this database is the source of their rights, their entitlements and their responsibilities. It is not enough to have a record of the documents that were produced to their name. We need to see their identity with all affiliated data and linkages to other familial identities to verify that an individual exists and is genuine. The data is the key; One also needs to consider how the data is stored and managed; creating a complete end to end trusted system required to manage the various complex workflows; involved in eGovernment and eCitizen applications as well as border and document control solutions Once these are established, there is a trusted framework to allow for cross-departmental sharing of data to allow for a true digital identity to be used. The efficiencies gained by governments and the citizen once this has been established cannot be overestimated. In the future this could mean substantial data efficiencies; No more duplication of information, no more multiple forms to fill in, no more need to maintain dozens of different passwords for the citizen.
- If we can get it right and create the robust and sustainable foundation of an identity as a Civil Registration System, over time, this will also build up to provide a highly trusted digital footprint of a person’s engagement with services…. For example; CLICK In images for documents and babies? Partner? A citizen may have a digital footprint, based on his Civil Registry interaction which shows: He was born, to these parents He was given a passport aged 10 – verified citizen He got his driving license at age 18 – verified as correct age to drive He started paying tax at age 18 He married his wife in 2007 – identity linked to his spouse. Verification that no previous marriage exists He had a son in 2011 – identity of the son linked to his identity and the identity of his spouse as first born child. He had a daughter in 2013 – identity of the daughter linked to his identity and the identity of his spouse as second born child He was widowed in 2014 – death of his spouse registered (her registration is closed as deceased, and his status changed to widower.) With this Civil Registration and Identity information held in one registry, the benefit is clear from a passport issuance authority perspective. We can verify that the person exists, we can see a digital footprint of their existence. It does no long rely on a single unverified document to be proof of identity. IMAGE INCLUDE SOME TICKS TO SHOW VERIFICATION OF IDENTITY?? This set of data, held electronically and the corresponding documents issued to him throughout his life, create a validated trail proving that he is who he says he is. It offers a compounded authentication system with each additional document and data entry adding weight and further security to the identity - and also form a strong basis for any trusted eGovernment network or system As we can see, the civil registration is currently the weakest link. Beginning where it does, at the very beginning of the identity chain, at the time of birth registration, it is even more important to strengthen it, to create a robust and trusted system that can be relied upon for individuals, and for their governments and for the future protection of our borders. Thank you..