icd10 icd 9, comparison between them new icd 11 active and passive survellence ICD ipnp survelliance

1. INTERNATIONAL
CLASSIFICATION OF DISEASE
PREPARED BY :
SONAL VIJAY PANDE
MPHARM PHARMACOLOGY

2. INTERNATIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF DISEASE
The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and
Related Health Problems 10th version (ICD 10) is the
international standard prescribed by WHO
So that the morbidity & mortality databases are comparable
within the various region/states of the country and between
countries of region/world.
Why we need this

3. ICD 10 coding was introduced by WHO in the year 1993 and
India adopted the same in the year 2000
ICD-9 does not facilitate the continued need for greater coding
detail and cannot continue to accommodate the addition of
necessary diagnostic codes
The ICD-10 code set will allow for greater measurement and
tracking of quality outcomes

4. ICD 9 AND ICD 10
• ICD -9
• 17 Chapters
• Numeric codes ( 001-999 )
• Diagnosis code 3-5 characters in
length
• Approximately 13000 diagnosis codes
• Limited space for adding new codes
• Lacks detail
• Lacks laterality
• ICD- 10
• 22 chapters
• alphanumeric coding, (A00-Z99)
• Diagnosis code 3-7 characters in
length
• Approximately 68000 diagnosis
codes
• Flexible for adding new codes
• Very specific •
• Has laterality

5. COMPARISON OF PROCEDURES
• ICD-9
• 3-4 numbers in length
• Approximately 3,000 codes • Lacks
descriptions of methodology and
approach for procedures
• Lacks precision to adequately define
procedures
• Lacks detail, laterality
• Based on outdated technology
• ICD-10
• 7 alpha-numeric characters in length
• Approximately 87,000 available codes
• Provides detailed descriptions of
methodology and approach for procedures
• Precisely defines procedures with detail
regarding body part, approach, any device
used, and qualifying information
• Very specific & has laterality
• Reflects current usage of medical
terminology and devices

6. TYPES OF CLASSIFICATIONS
Reference classifications
Related classifications
Derived classifications

7. REFERENCE CLASSIFICATIONS
Cover the main parameters of the health system, such as death, disease,
functioning, disability, health and health interventions.
Approved and recommended as guidelines for international reporting on
health e.g.
International Classification of Diseases (ICD)
International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF)
International Classification of Health Interventions (ICHI) (under
development)

8. DERIVED CLASSIFICATION
Based upon reference classifications.
• May be prepared by adopting the reference classification structure and classes.
or
• Providing additional detail beyond that provided by the reference classification.
 at the national or international level. e.g.
International Classification of Diseases for Oncology, (ICD-O)
The ICD-10 classification of mental and behavioural disorders
Application of the ICD to dentistry and stomatology
Application of the ICD to neurology (ICD-NA) Application of the ICD to dermatology
Application of the ICD to paediatrics Application of the ICD to rheumatology and
orthopaedics (ICD-R & 0)

9. RELATED CLASSIFICATION
 Associated with the reference classification at specific levels of the
structure only e.g.
 International Classification of Primary Care (ICPC)
 International Classification of External Causes of Injury (ICECI)
 The Anatomical therapeutic chemical classification (ATC) with
defined daily doses (ATC/DDD)
 Technical aids for persons with disabilities: classification and
terminology (ISO9999)

10. ICD-10
Volume 1
Volume 3
Volume 2
This contains the report of the International Conference,
the classification itself at the three and four-character
levels, morphology of neoplasms, special tabulation lists
for mortality and morbidity, definitions, and the
nomenclature regulations
Instructional matter and guidance on the use of Volume
1, on tabulations, and on planning for the use of ICD.

11. Volume 3
all the terms
classifiable to
Chapters I–
XIX and
Chapter XXI
SECTION 1
index of external
causes of
morbidity and
mortality and
contains all the
terms classifiable
to Chapter XX
Table of
drugs and
chemicals
SECTION 2 SECTION 3

12. ICD-10
22 CHAPTERS

13. ICD-11

15. INTERNATIONAL NON-PROPRIETARY NAMES FOR
DRUGS

16. THE WHO INTERNATIONAL NONPROPRIETARY NAME
(INN) PROGRAMME
To provide one single name worldwide for active pharmaceutical
substances
Initiated in 1950 by resolution WHA3.11
Operational since 1953
Based on WHO Constitution

17.  Drugs are generally marketed by their brand names though there is a legal requirement to
mention generic names in the labels. Countries have their own systems of generic
nomenclature for pharmaceutical substances.
 However owing to the various languages used by different national nomenclature systems,
there is a need to have a uniform standardized system of generic names that are accepted
worldwide, which would help in identifying the composition of a pharmaceutical substance.
 • The WHO administers an international generic nomenclature system called INNs also
known as rINN, for recommended International Nonproprietary Name or pINN for proposed
International Nonproprietary Name).

18. INN
FANCY
TERM
STEM
TERM
Stems are those parts of a group of
pharmacologically related INNs that indicate the
relationship between two pharmaceutical
substances using a common element or
compound
the INN clopidogrel comprises
the stem -grel and the fancy
term clopido

20. SURVELLIANCE
"sur" means "from above" and "veiller" means "to watch
• Surveillance is a systematic process of collection, transmission, analysis and
feedback of public health data for decision making.
• It serves as an early warning system for impending public health emergencies.
• It document the impact of an intervention, or track progress towards specified
goals
• Monitor and clarify the epidemiology of health problems, to allow priorities to
be set and to inform public health policy and strategies.

21. PURPOSE
Describing trends and the natural (secular) history of health
problems
Detecting epidemics
Providing details about patterns of disease
Monitoring changes in disease agents through laboratory
testing

22.  Planning and setting health program priorities
 Evaluating the effects of prevention and control measures
 Detecting critical changes in health practices

23. A DYNAMIC VISION OF SURVELLINCE
Collect and
transmit
data
Analyze
data
Data
feedback
Make
decisions

24. Survellince
Active
Community
based
Passive
Hospital
based

25. COMMUNITY BASED SURVELLINCE
• Community-based Surveillance (CBS) is an active process of
community participation in detecting, reporting, responding to and
monitoring health events in the community.
•The main reporters are community members who detect and report
cases that might be otherwise not be reported to health care facilities.
• To do this , community awareness campaign is essential to carry out
like educating them about the signs and symptom of disease.

26. • Low and middle income countries often uses CBS to track diseases.
• It is conducted by volunteers who receive training on health conditions
from health care worker or health care facilities to detect and report
suspected cases to the facility
• The scope of CBS is limited to systematic on- going collection of data on
events and diseases using simplified case definitions and forms and
reporting to health facilities

27. HOSPITAL BASED SURVELLINCE
• The main reporter in this surveillance system is physician or any proper
system placed in hospital for regularly reporting and capturing information.
• The hospital may assign any physician or proper system to take responsibility
for such reporting
• This type of surveillance requires an accurate estimation of the demographic
characteristics of the population under surveillance
• The hospital administration should be fully informed and understand the
importance of surveillance.

28.  SENTINEL SURVEILLANCE
• Sentinel surveillance involves the use of a sample of providers -- most
generally, a sample of physicians or emergency rooms -- to identify trends in
diseases that occur at relatively high frequencies.
• E.g., sentinel surveillance systems, such as those for influenza, provide
timely information about trends in influenza-like illness activitiy, and are
useful for obtaining information about strains that may be circulating in a
community -- assuming that there is a laboratory-based component to the
surveillance

29.  SPECIAL SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM
• Special surveillance systems have been found useful for certain types of
surveillance activities
• The Behavior Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) involves
administering a questionnaire to a random sample of individuals on a
ongoing basis to identify trends in behavior that affect health risk -- e.g.,
monitoring the impact of such activities as breast cancer screening with
mammography, cervical cancer with pap smears, use of smoke alarms in
houses, as well as other health-related behaviors and practices
• Microbiologic surveys have been useful in determining the antibioltic
resistance among persons with invasive pneumococcal infections