BASIC ABOUT THE NURSING PROFESSION

1. PRESENTED BY :- RUTUPARNA SATAPATHY

2. “The unique function of the
nurse is to assist the
individual,sick or well, in the
performance of those
activites contributing to
health or its recovery(or to
peaceful death)that he would
perform unaided if he had
the necessary strenght,will,
or knolwdege.”
- Virginia Henderson.

3.  Profession is an occupation based on specialized
intellectual study and training, the purpose of which is
supply skilled services with ethical components and
others.
Profession is an occupation based on specialized intellectual study and training, the purpose of which is supply skilled services with ethical components and othe

4. Education
Body of knowledge
Specific service
Autonomy
Code of ethics
Service Orientation
Ongoing Research
Professional organizations

5. 1.High intellectual level of functioning
2.High level of individual responsibility and accountability
3.Specialized body of knowledge
4.Evidence based nursing practice
5.Public services and altruistic activities.
6.well organized and strong representation.
7. code of ethics
8.competencies and professional license.
9. autonomy and independent practice
10. Professional Identity And Development

6. Modern nurses use assessment
skill and knowledge, have the
ability to reason and make
routine judgment depending on
patient’s condition. Professional
nurses functions at a high
intellectual level. Florence
nightingale raised the bar for
education and graduates of her
school were considered to be
highly educated.

7.  Nurses must be accountable
and demonstrate a high level of
individual responsibility for the
care and services they provide.
 The concept of accountability
has legal, ethical and
professional implications that
include accepting
responsibility for action taken
toprovide client care as well as
accepting responsibility for the
consequences of action
that are not performed.

8. 3.SPECIALIZED BODY
OF KNOWLEDGE
Nursing has developed into an
identifiable separate discipline, a
specialized body of knowledge
called as nursing science. It was
compiled through the research
effort of nurses with advanced
educational degrees. Although this
body of specialized knowledge is
relatively small, it forms a
theoretical basis for the practice of
nursing today.

9. 4.EVIDENCE BASED
NURSING PRACTICE
Evidenced based practice is the
practice of nursing in which
interventions are based on data
obtained from research that
demonstrate that, the findings are
appropriate and successful. It
involves a systematic process of
uncovering, evaluating and using
information from research as the
basis for making decisions about
providing client care.

10. 5.PUBLIC SERVICES AND
ALTRUISTIC ACTIVITIES
Individual is the focal point of all
nursing models and nursing
practice. Nursing has been viewed
universally as being an altruistic
profession com5posed of selfless
individuals who place the lives and
well being of their clients above
their personal safety. Dedicated
nurses provide care for victims of
deadly diseases with little regard for
their own welfare.

11. 6.WELL ORGANIZED AND
STRONG
REPRESENTATION
Professional organizations
represent the members of the
profession and control the quality
of professional practice. In India
TNAI & SNA are the two
organizations that represent
nursing in today’s health care
system. Many do belong to
specialty organizations that
represent a specific area of
practice.

12. 7. CODE OF ETHICS
A code of ethics document may
outline the mission and values of
the business or organization, how
professionals are supposed to
approach problems, the ethical
principles based on the
organization's core values and the
standards to which the
professional is held. Some of the
ethical principles are autonomy,
justice, non -maleficence .

14. 9. AUTONOMY AND
INDEPENDENCE OF PRACTICE
In reality nursing is both an
independent and interdependent
discipline. Nurses in all health
care setting must work with
physicians, hospital
administrators, pharmacists and
other groups in the provision of
care. To be considered a true
profession, nursing will need to be
recognised by other disciplines as
having practitioners who practice
nursing independently.

15. 10. PROFESSIONAL
IDENTITY AND
DEVELOPMENT
Until nurses are fully committed
to the profession of nursing,
identify with it as a profession
and are dedicated to its future
development, nursing will
probably not achieve
professional status.

17. “A system of rules or principles that are used to
guide human behavior.”

18.  Ethics includes values, codes, and principles that
govern decisions in nursing practice.
 Guide for action based on social values and needs.
 Provide means to professional standards
 Formal guidelines for the professional action

19.  The International Council For Nurses (ICN)
 American Nurses Association(ANA)
 Canadian Nurses Association (CNA)
 Trained Nurses Association Of India (TNAI).
 Indian Nursing Council.(INC)

21.  1.1 Provides care for individuals without consideration of caste,
creed, religion, culture, ethnicity, gender, socio-economic and
political status, personal attributes, or any other grounds
 1.2 Individualizes the care considering the care considering the
beliefs, values and cultural sensitivities.
 1.3 Appreciates the place of the individual in family and
community and facilitates participation of significant others in
the care.
 1.4 Develops and promotes trustful relationship with
individual(s).
 1.5 Recognizes uniqueness of response of individuals to
interventions and adapts accordingly
 1.5 Appreciates the place of the individual in family and
community and facilitates participation of significant others in
the care.

22.  2.1 Appreciates individual’s right to make decisions
about their care and therefore gives adequate and
accurate information for enabling them to make
informed choices.
 2.2 Respects the decisions made by individual (s)
regarding their care.
 2.3 Protects public from misinformation and
misinterpretations.
 2.4 Advocates special provisions to protect vulnerable
individuals/groups.

23.  3.1 Respects the individual’s right to privacy of their
personal information.
 3.2 Maintains confidentiality of privileged information
except in life threatening situations and uses
discretion in sharing information.

24.  4.1 Nursing care must be provided only by registered
nurse.
 4.2 Nurse strives to maintain quality nursing care and
upholds the standards of care.
 4.3 Nurse values continuing education, initiates and
utilizes all opportunities for self development.
 4.4 Nurse values research as a means of development
of nursing profession and participates in nursing
research adhering to ethical principles

25.  5.1 Adheres to code of ethics and code of professional
conduct for nurses in India developed by Indian
Nursing council.
 5.2 Familiarizes with relevant laws and practices in
accordance with the law of the state

26.  6.1 Appreciates the team efforts in rendering care.
 6.2 Cooperates, coordinates and collaborates with the
members of the health team to meet the needs of the
people.

27.  7.1 Demonstrates personal etiquettes in all dealings.
 7.2 Demonstrates professional attributes in all
dealings.

29.  1.1 Appreciates sense of self-worth and nurtures it.
 1.2 Maintains standards of personal conduct reflecting
credit upon the profession.
 1.3 Carries out responsibilities within the framework of
the professional boundaries
 1.4 Is accountable for maintaining practice standards
set by Indian Nursing Council

30.  1.5 Is accountable for own decisions and actions
 1.6 Is compassionate
 1.7 Is responsible for continuous improvement of
current practices
 1.8 Provides adequate information to individuals that
allows them informed choices
 1.9 Practices healthful behavior

31.  2.1 Provides care in accordance with set standards of
practice
 2.2 Treats all individuals and families with human
dignity in providing physical, psychological,
emotional, social and spiritual aspects of care
 2.3 Respects individual and families in the context of
traditional and cultural practices and discouraging
harmful practices

32.  2.4 Presents realistic picture truthfully in all situations
for facilitating autonomous decision-making by
individuals and families
 2.5 Promotes participation of individuals and
significant others in the care
 2.6 Ensures safe practice
 2.7 Consults, coordinates, collaborates and follows up
appropriately when individuals’ care needs exceed the
nurse’s competence.

33.  3.1 Establishes and maintains effective interpersonal
relationship with individuals, families and
communities
 3.2 Upholds the dignity of team members and
maintains effective interpersonal relationship with
them
 3.3 Appreciates and nurtures professional role of team
members
 3.4 Cooperates with other health professionals to meet
the needs of the individuals, families and communities

34.  4.1 Takes appropriate action to protect individuals
from harmful unethical practice
 4.2 Consider relevant facts while taking conscience
decisions in the best interest of individuals
 4.3 Encourage and support individuals in their right to
speak for themselves on issues affecting their health
and welfare 4.4 Respects and supports choices made
by individuals

35.  5.1 Ensures appropriate allocation and utilization of
available resources
 5.2 Participates in supervision and education of
students and other formal care providers
 5.3 Uses judgment in relation to individual
competence while accepting and delegating
responsibility
 5.4 Facilitates conducive work culture in order to
achieve institutional objectives

36.  5.5 Communicates effectively following appropriate
channels of communication
 5.6 Participates in performance appraisal
 5.7 Participates in evaluation of nursing services
 5.8 Participates in policy decisions, following the
principle of equity and accessibility of services
 5.9 Works with individuals to identify their needs and
sensitizes policy makers and funding agencies for
resource allocation

37.  6.1 Ensures the protection of the human rights while
pursuing the advancement of knowledge
 6.2 Contributes to the development
 6.3 Participates in determining and implementing
quality care
 6.4 Takes responsibility for updating own knowledge
and competencies
 6.5 Contributes to the core of professional knowledge
by conducting and participating in research

39.  Autonomy means that individual are able to act
themselves to the level of their capacity.

40.  Professional autonomy leads to work autonomy and
job satisfactions
 Freedom to act on the binding decisions the nurse
makes
 Autonomy in nurses’ practice contributes to the well-
being of patients and add to the quality of services and
care that patients receive.

41.  Accountability is being responsible for one’s actions
and accepting the consequences of one’s behaviour.
Accountability is not a vague feeling or an obscure
concept. It is a clear obligation which must be
manifested as a structured component of nursing
practice, based on responsibility, authority and
autonomy.
 Attributes of accountability: answerability &
responsibility

42.  Provide safe & therapeutic environment .
 Deliver competent & personalized care .
 Maintaining adequate supplies of material in the ward .
 Maintaining accurate and up to date records .
 Maintaining good IPR .
 Protect client’s legal rights& privacy.
 Work within ethical& legal boundaries .
 Keep pace with changing health needs& developing
technology .
 Delivering care as per standards
 Delegating responsibility appropriately.
 Contribute to development of profession.

43.  You can only be accountable for which you are responsible,
and you can only be responsible for those things which are
clearly designated as accepted as your responsibility.
 For providing safe and therapeutic environment
 Maintaining adequate supplies material equipment for
smooth function of working unit
 Protecting client’s legal rights.
 Maintaining accurate records and reports
 Working within ethical boundaries
 Delegating responsibility appropriately


44.  Nurses are accountable to nursing council.
 • This relates to practicing within scope of practice,
according to register or roll in which your name is
entered, and being accountable for your professional
conduct.
 • The nursing council’s code of conduct for nurses and
midwives further outlines professional accountability
in terms of ethics, standards of practice, rights of
patients/clients and justifying public trust and
confidence.

46.  Assertiveness is a tool for expressing ourselves
confidently and a way of saying yes and no in
appropriate way. It is considered as a healthy
behaviour for all people against personal
powerlessness and results in personal empowerment.

47.  Less friction & conflicts
 Increased self respect
 Enhances self esteem
 Increased productivity at work & home
 Less stress at work

48.  Ask
 Bring energy to the job
 Get your emotions under control
 Find a good place to talk
 Timing is important
 effective assertion requires a listener.

49.  “Visibility is the way a person appears to others in the
case of profession, the way that profession appears to
other disciplines and to general public the consumer of
the health.”

50. External factors
 Hand maiden role:-(means not an independent role)
 Hierarchical structure:-structure of health care
organization limited the role of nursing in decision
making
 Perceived authority and defectiveness:-limits the role
of nurse .
 Hospital policy:-also limits the nursing role • Threat of
disciplinary actions or loss of the job might limit a
nurse when he or she needs to speak out-advocacy

51. INTERNAL FACTORS :-
•Role confusion
•Lack of personal confidence
•Timidity
•Fear
•Insecurity
•Inferiority

52. Advertising
nursing
Role of media
Nurse for
health care
tomorrow
Raise the
voice
campaign
Institute of
medicine
quality reports
Power and
empowerment
Assertiveness
Advocacy

53.  Identify professional base activity in practice
 Take a stand if someone saying wrong about nursing
and nurses warns about the facts that nursing
profession and communicate important aspects of
nursing.