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- 1. OPIOID AUTOCOIDS PRESENTED BY Sushma Arikella Application no: d9b9687df31511e9b781cb6f05b890ea Department of Pharmacology G.Pulla reddy college of pharmacy 1
- 2. o Autacoid : Auta - self , Coid - Healing o Autacoid is self healing substances. o Autacoids also known as local harmones , and mostly originated from diffused tissues and transported to various target sites. o Autacoids play an important role in physiological and pathological process and act as neurotransmitters and neuromodulators. 2
- 3. OPIOIDS • Opioid is a psychoactive chemical that works by binding to opioid receptors which are found principally in the CNS , PNS and GIT. • The receptors in these organ system mediate both the benificial and side effects of opiods. • Opioid drug function as agonist , partial agonist , antagonist. 3
- 5. Opioid receptors µ µ 1 µ 2 δ k k1 k2 5
- 6. µ RECEPTOR K RECEPTOR δ RECEPTOR LOCATION µ1 – supra spinal µ2 - spinal K1 – spinal K3 – supra spinal Spinal Supra spinal Analgesia Respiratory depression Sedation Euphoria Meiosis Physical dependence Loss of GI motility Spinal analgesia Dysphoria Sedation Psychomimetic Physical dependence Spinal analgesia Effective behaviour Respiratory depression Reduced GI motility AGONISTS Morphine, codeine , fentanyl , pentazocine pentazocine enkephalins ANTAGONISTS Naloxone Naltrexone nalmefene Naloxone Naltrexone nalmefene Naloxone Naltrexone nalmefene EFFECTS 6
- 7. Pharmacological action On CNS : Analgesic effect Respiratory depression sedation On Eyes : shows myosis On heart : shows bradycardia On Blood vessels : decrease BP 7
- 9. TRADITION ORIGIN FUNCTION STRONG Morphine Pethidine Fentanyl Alfentanil Remifentanil Sufentanil NATURALLY OCCURRING Morphine Codeine Papavarine Thebaine PURE AGONISTS Morphine Fentanyl Alfentanil Remifentanil Sufentanil PARTIAL AGONIST Buprenorphine INTERMEDIATE Buprenorphine Pentazocine Butorphanol Nalbuphine SEMISYNTHETIC Diamorphine Dihydrocodeine Buprenorphine AGONISTS-ANTAGONISTS Pentazocine Nalbuphine Nalorphine WEAK Codeine SYNTHETIC Phenylpyperidines: pethidine, fentanyl, alfentanil, sufentanil Diphenylpropylamines: methadone, dextropropoxyphene Morphinans: butorphanol, levorphanol PURE ANTAGONISTS Naloxone Naltrexone 9
- 12. THANK YOU 12