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Professional, Expert, Pragmatic, Trusted Advisors to
the Australian Property Development Industry.
DFP Client Experience
“We would like to thank the team at DFP for their assistance recently in relation to the financing of our land subdivision
project.
We were frustrated with the Big 4 Banks as we had a shovel-ready, de-risked project that was being delayed by the ever-
changing bank policies.
Given the tight timeframes DFP performed, given their extensive relationships by providing competitive financing on
terms compatible with our usual funding arrangements.
Our new relationship is beginning to flourish with the new Banker, and we are already discussing the second phase of the
funding for our project.
We look forward to dealing with DFP in the future on other projects and we would have no hesitation in recommending
the team to other clients.”
DAVID SHARPE, Developer, Newcastle
What David’s New Banker Says
“Thank you to the Development Finance Partners team for your assistance and professionalism.
It was pleasing to deal with a proactive, knowledgeable and pleasant Development Finance Advisor (and good bunch of
lads)…”
Development
Finance
Workshop
Funding Your Project From A - Z
Summary - Last 12-18 Months
The Australian Banks reduced appetite for Construction Finance has been well publicised. The are
several contributing factors for this and they include:
 A fundamental decline is presale sales rates;
 APRA is well and truly holding the wip hand;
 DFP understands all of the first and second tier APRA regulated Banks are uniformly complying
with APRA’s demands for higher presales and lower gearing;
 At the same Heightened settlement risk;
 Retail Banking Divisions being forced by APRA to limit rate of residentially secured credit growth to 10% pa;
 Heightened settlement risk due to valuations falling below purchase price.
 A lack of funding for FIRB purchasers.
3
Summary - Last 12-18 Months cont.
 From a perspective of return on equity, development finance is not as
attractive/profitable when compared to other financing opportunities such as
lending to going concern businesses which have sound maintainable
earnings with high transaction volumes.
 The short to medium term fundamentals has declined in the markets where
construction finance approvals have been historically high in recent years.
4
Resulting Practical Effects
 More stringent overall credit risk assessment especially with respect to new
to Bank Clients.
 Reduction of loan to value ratios reduced from 80% TDC to 65%-70% for
construction finance.
 Landbank facility approvals are exceedingly difficult to obtain any LVR.
 Increased presale levels from 50% to as high as 120% debt qualifying cover
 Increased complexity with respect to credit assessment and approvals
leading to slower approval and settlement timeframes.
5
Resulting Practical Effects cont.
 Increased financing costs due to increases in Loan Establishment Fees, Margin and Line
Fees.
 Facility Limit approvals greater than $20m are becoming increasingly more difficult to
obtain.
 FIRB presales are non qualifying
 Heavier reliance upon the strength of the Developers Net Worth vs TDC
 Presales are taking longer to settle
 Developers holding higher levels of stock on completion
6
Resulting Practical Effects cont.
7
 Developers are increasingly financing working capital via residual stock facilities.
 An increase in number of non bank lenders have entered into our debt market.
 A long period of competitive construction tenders and escalating construction costs has
resulted in several small to mid tier builders going bust. We expect more builders won’t
make it out of this cycle.
Implications For The Year Ahead
Opportunities
 Adapt and Innovate your financing strategies at both a group level and at an individual project level
 Structure Finances to allow for opportunistic acquisitions
 Reduction in construction starts will decrease competitive future supply levels
 Increased levels of Non Bank Capital
Challenges
 Increased cost of sales
 Increased cost of capital
 Declining values of committed sites
 Declining presale rates
 APRA will pressure Banks not to accept subordinated debt
 APRA will pressure Banks to not accept project site related valuations
8
Implications Fo The Year AheadRealities of Dealing with Offshore Hedgefunds
9
Five Key Determinates of Successful Offshore Lenders
1. Established Track Record in Australia;
2. Experienced Local Team of Property Finance Bankers on the Ground;
3. Ability to articulate a clear approval and settlement set of policies and
procedures;
4. Clear pricing and lending guidelines;
5. Ability to provide transparent set of credentials ie local banking, client
and legal referees, proof of transaction history, professional
associations; ability to evidence sources of capital, google searches
etc.
Glossary of
Terms
The industry jargon explained
10
Jargon Description Meaning
TDC Total Development Costs Sum of all project related costs exc GST and including Consultants Fees
excluding DA , Presale Commissions, Marketing and Advertising Costs,
Bank Interest, Finance Charges, Construction Contingency Budget, all
Statuary Costs, Council Contributions, Land Cost at Valuation, Land
Purchasing Costs ie Stamp Duty etc, Land Holding Costs ie Rates etc,
Development & Project Management Fees, QS and Valuation Fees.
GRV Gross Realisable Value Value of the completed development stock Ex GST
On Comp On Completion Value Value of the completed development stock Ex GST
Presales Debt
Cover
Value of Qualifying Presales Ex GST divided by the Bank Loan
MOC or P&R or
Development
Margin or Profit
Margin
Development Profit Margin Net sale proceeds of the Development after GST minus the Total
Development Costs divided by the Total Development Costs)
TDC LVR
Total Development Costs Loan to Value
Ration Loan Amont Divided by the Total Development Costs
On Comp or GRV
LVR
Gross Realisation Value Loan to Value
Ratio Loan Amount Divided by the Gross Realisable Value
Residual LVR Residual Loan to Value Ration
Amount of the loan following the settlement of the presales Ex GST
divided by the value of the remaining unsold stock.
BBSY Bank Bill SWAP Rate Bank's Wholesale Cost of Funds
Bank's Margin The percent on top of the Bank's Wholesale Cost of Funds
Bank Bills
Is the amount the Bank Charges you before they add their margin
which includes their wholesale and overhead
Mezz Mezzanine Finance Additional debt secured 2nd Ranking to the Bank
Pref Equity Preferential Equity
Very similar to Mezzanine Finance with the main exception being
second mortgage is unregistered
H1 Title
H2 Title
H2 Body text Paragraph copy. Ie: His idea, exposed in the "spanish" paragraph, was
that European languages used all the same words borrowed from Latin, differing in
grammar and pronunciation. In order to build a "lingua franca" -one of the holy grails
of that time- he combined a Latin subset with an extremely simplified grammar and
morphology.
“Quote Text Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy
eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At
vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea
takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.”
11
Market Pricing for Risk
Market Risk and Pricing
12
Product Bank Non Bank Non Bank >5m Mezzanine Corp Pref Equity
Interest
Rate
BBSY + 2.5% + 1.5%
Line
9.95% 11%-14% 15%-20% 20%
Fees 0.5% 1%-2% 1%-2% 2%-4% 3%
LVR TDC 70% 80% 80% 85% 50% of Developers
Capital
LVR GRV 55-60% On Comp 65% On Comp 65% On Comp 75% On
Comp
NA
LVR Lank
Bank
35% on Land Only 65% on Land
Only
35% on Land
Only
70% Land
Bank
NA
Presales 100-130% 0%-50% 50% 80%-100% NA
H1 Title
13
Case Study
Turning plans into reality
Case study background
14
Case Study
Turning plans into reality
• DFP was recently approached by the client to assist with the financing of a
development consisting of 74 Luxuary Apartments on the Gold Coast.
• Following previously unsuccessful attempts to secure a higher density DA the Client
had recently secured the DA for the lesser dense scheme consisting the 74 apartments.
• The site is an amalgamation of several individual vendors with settlements forecast to
occur over several different dates.
• Settlements are to required to occur between Jan – Mar 18.
• Presales marketing campaign to commence in Dec 17.
• Target construction start date May 18.
Case study problem
15
Case Study
Turning plans into reality
• Client had insufficient cash equity available to refinance existing landbank debt,
finance the remaining design approval and sales costs plus the additional cash equity
required to finance the construction.
16
Traditional Bank
Construction
Finance Model
Structured
Finance
Model
17
TRUE Cash Eq. To Come Soft Equity Cash Eq. To Date Pref. Equity Mezz. Debt Senior Debt TOTAL
State (Insert State) Funding Assumptions / (Cash Out)
Facility Limit - 1,000,000 3,320,000
Start Date - Jan/18 Jan/18
End Date - Jul/18 Jul/18
Term (Months) - 6 6
Interest Rate / Coupon Rate 15.00% 20.00% 6.00%
Debt Fees 2.00% 3.00% 1.00%
Revenue No. Units Fully Let NET Rent Pre-Commit NET Ret $ Legal Fees 10,000 10,000 10,000
Residential 74 75,000,000 DFP Advisory Fees 2.50% 2.50% 1.50%
Retail - - - - Target Loan To Total Land Value Ratio 50.00% 40.00% 35.00%
Commercial - - - -
Other Revenue - - Development Costs
Gross Realisation 75,000,000 Total Land + Refinance 780,000 2,000,000 2,800,000 - 800,000 3,120,000 9,500,000
Balance Land Value 1,000,000 Land Transaction Costs - - 200,000 - - - 200,000
GST (6,750,000) Construction Costs (exc. GST) - - - - - - -
Sales Commissions Payable At Settlement 1,335,900 Professional Fees (exc. GST) - - - - - - -
Net Realisation 67,914,100 Statutory Fees & Contributions - - - - - - -
Land Holding Costs - - - - - - -
Development Costs Advertising & Marketing - - 50,000 - - - 100,000
Whole-of-Site Land Purchase Price 7,500,000 Presale Commissions (exc. GST) 913,514 - 100,000 - - - 1,013,514
As Is Land Value Stage 1 8,500,000 Other Costs - - 50,000 - - - 50,000
Land Transaction Costs 4.91% 368,000 Total Incentives - - - - - - -
Construction Costs (exc. GST) 3 36,500,000
Project Contingency 5.00% 1,825,000 Total Development Costs 1,693,514 2,000,000 3,200,000 - 800,000 3,120,000 10,863,514
Professional Fees (exc. GST) 1 1,480,000 Interest & Finance Charges - 127,408 142,298 269,706
Statutory Fees & Contributions 1,850,000 DFP Advisory Fees - 28,000 55,000 83,000
Land Holding Costs 150,000
Advertising & Marketing 0.27% 200,000 Total Costs 1,693,514 2,000,000 3,200,000 - 955,408 3,317,298 11,216,220
Presale Commissions (exc. GST) 1.35% 1,013,514 Loan to Total Land Value Ratio (Cumulative) - 44.98% 34.92%
Other Costs 525,000 Total Outflow - (800,000) (3,120,000)
Total Incentives - Total Inflow - 955,408 3,317,298
Total Development Costs 52,411,514 IRR (%) - 43.05% 13.16%
Finance Charges 1.28% 671,000
Interest 2,478,178 Cash Eq. To Come Soft Equity Cash Eq. To Date Pref. Equity Mezz. Debt Senior Debt Total
Finance and Interest - Senior Debt 3,149,178 Funding Assumptions / (Cash Out)
Facility Limit - 12,850,000 40,000,000
Total Costs 55,560,691 BBSY / Coupon Rate 15.00% 20.00% 4.75%
Margin / Profit Share 15.00% - -
Project Profit 11,353,409 Line Fees 1.25%
Development Margin (%) 20.43% Lender Establishment Fees - 3.00% 1.00%
DFP Advisory Fees - 2.50% 1.50%
Finance Charges 0.69% 364,000 Mortgage Documentation Fees 10,000 10,000 10,000
Interest 3,614,591 First Drawdown Date - Jul/18 Dec/18
Finance and Interest - Mezz. Debt & Pref. Equity 3,978,591 Peak LTC 70.00%
Peak LVR 60.00%
Project Profit (inc. Mezz. Debt & Pref. Equity) 7,374,818 IRR 35.00% 20.00% 14.00%
Development Margin (%) 13.27%
Development Costs FALSE
Total Land + Refinance 1,269,464 1,647,294 3,580,000 - 3,003,242 9,500,000
Land Transaction Costs - 168,000 200,000 - - - 368,000
Initial Loan Settlement Jan-18 Construction Costs (exc. GST) 529,060 - - 5,351,840 30,619,100 36,500,000
Financial Close Date Jul-18 Project Contingency - - - - - 1,825,000 1,825,000
Construction Duration (Months) 18 Professional Fees (exc. GST) - - - - - 1,480,000 1,480,000
Settlement Start Date Jan-20 Statutory Fees & Contributions 100,000 - - - - 1,750,000 1,850,000
Settlement Duration (Months) 4 Land Holding Costs - - - - 150,000 150,000
Advertising & Marketing 50,000 - 50,000 - - 100,000 200,000
Project Completion Date 30-Apr-20 Presale Commissions (exc. GST) - - 1,013,514 - - - 1,013,514
Other Costs - - - - - 525,000 525,000
Total Incentives - - - - - - -
Development Costs Cash Equity Soft Equity Equity to Date 1st Mortgage Total DFP Advisory Fees - - - 353,000 660,000 1,013,000
As Is Land Value Stage 1 + Balance Land Value 3,000,000 2,000,000 5,000,000 4,500,000 9,500,000 Mortgage Documentation Fees - - - 11,000 11,000 22,000
Land Transaction Costs 200,000 - 200,000 - 200,000 Total Finance Costs - 3,614,591 2,478,178 6,092,768
Construction Costs (exc. GST) - - - - -
Professional Fees (exc. GST) - - - - - Total Development Costs 1,948,524 1,815,294 4,843,514 - 12,333,672 39,598,278 60,539,282
Statutory Fees & Contributions - - - - - Alert Check - - - -
Land Holding Costs - - - - -
Advertising & Marketing 50,000 - 50,000 - 50,000 LTC (Cumulative) 100.00% 85.78% 85.78% 70.01%
Presale Commissions (exc. GST) - - - - - LTC On-Completion (Cumulative) 86.65% 74.99% 74.99% 57.18%
Other Costs 50,000 - 50,000 - 50,000
Total Incentives - - - - -
Interest & Finance Charges - - - 200,000 200,000 Debt Coverage Pref. Equity Mezz. Debt Senior Debt Total
Local Sales 20 20,270,270 51.19% Peak LTC 4.05% 20.02% 64.17% 83.54%
Total Development Costs 3,300,000 2,000,000 5,300,000 4,700,000 10,000,000 Channel Sales 20 20,270,270 51.19% Peak LVR 3.54% 17.50% 56.10% 73.03%
Retail Sales 10 - - DFP Fee 1 - 35,300 66,000 101,300
Current Land Valuation - DFP Fee 2 - 70,600 132,000 202,600
Presales to Date: No. Total Value 40,540,541 102.38% DFP Fee 3 - 247,100 462,000 709,100
Local Sales - - Net of GST 38,716,216 97.77%
FIRB Sales - - On-Completion Value (exc. GST) 69,250,000
Retail Sales - - Int. Rate IRR Total Cost Less Presales (38,716,216)
Total - - Cash Equity - 95.03% 6,792,037 Total Security Value 30,533,784
Pref. Equity 15.00% - -
Mezz. Debt 20.00% 25.98% 12,333,672 Construction Facility Limit 52,850,000
Lowest Possible Equity Requirement 1 Senior Debt 6.00% 8.75% 39,598,278 Less Presales (38,716,216)
Lowest Possible Presales 2 Net Loan Amount 14,133,784
Fast Possible Start of Construction 3 WAR 9.32% 22.35% 58,723,988
Lowest Possible Cost of Finance 4 Total 14.34% 36.13% Residual LVR 46.29%
DFP Engagement Priority
Project Description
Borrower Details
Director Details
Feasibility
(Insert Project Description)
(Insert Borrower Details)
(Insert Director's Full Name)
Weighted Average Rate (WAR) of Return
Covenant and Fee Analysis
Project Details
(Insert Project Name / Developer)Project Name / Developer
Project Address (Insert Project Address)
DFP Landbank Funding Table - January 2018
Presales
(Insert Director's Full Name)
Project Timeline
Spend to Date Funding Table (Before DFP)
Construction Finance Funding Table - July 2018
Generate
Facility Limit
Estimate
Jan-17 Jan-18 Jan-19 Jan-20
Value of pref equity/mezzanine debt
Precious cash is
free to drive the
rest of the
developers
pipeline
Almost twice the
return on the cash
you need to invest
You can actually
decrease portfolio
risk by increasing
diversification and
increasing your
liquidity
18
Bring your
project to
market sooner
Lower the
amount of
presales
required
An important benefit to creating mezzanine finance relationships to a Property
Developer business is that it mitigates against acute changes in senior debt
lender appetite resulting from a deterioration in the credit cycle. In this way
when Banks change their lending guidelines from say 80% TDC to say 70% in a
matter of months mezzanine finance can be used to plug the resulting gap of
10% of TDC in total debt required.
This improves the maintainable ability of the Property Developer to
successfully finance and deliver upon his/her pipeline to ensure his/capital plus
profits can be realized in a reliable way.
Why use Mezz?
19
Why use Mezz?
20
Cash in the world of the Property Developer is a precious resource like water in the
desert required to preserve life. The key benefits of maintaining sufficient levels of cash
are summarized as follows:
• Ability to demonstrate a maintainable level of cash equal to a minimum of 10% of
your total current and non current debts is a good benchmark to show that you have
sufficient working capital to finance your operational cashflows;
• Demonstrates an ability to fund cost overruns beyond the standard contingency
budget of 5% against the construction costs;
• Indicates that Property Developer is allowing for sufficient resources to help fund the
growth of his/her business.
All of the above considerations are especially important to the senior debt Bankers and
Credit Officers when assessing the liquidity of the applicant.
Why use Mezz?
21
Most successful Property Developers use Mezzanine finance once
their projects have derisked with DA and presales achieved to limit
the use of further cash equity to finance the construction of the
derisked project.
This is the most sustainable use of Mezzanine finance.
1. Who is the applicant?
2. What is being developed?
3. What is the loan amount?
4. Loan to value ratio’s?
5. Project Feasibility
6. Project Location
7. Applicants experience
8. Borrower’s & Guarantor’s Financial Capacity
9. Security offered
10.Quality of the sales
11.Exit Strategies
12.Capability of the builder
13.Potential profitability of the applicant
The Banker’s basic qualification questions
22
Basic Lending
Standards
Demographic profile supports an
acceptable level of demand for
residential accommodation of the
nature, size and cost proposed.
Developments for which the program of
works is scheduled to commence within
12 months of approval.
Minimum forecasted project profit
margin of 20% of development costs
(inclusive of valuation uplift if no prior
DA held).
23
Borrower must have a “significant
amount” of cash invested and at risk
What will the Bank
Fund?
Remember this….
The Bank will fund to revenue
not to unrecoverable costs or
speculative risk and borrowers
equity always goes in first and
comes out last.
Eligible development costs comprise the sum of:
• Value of land and existing improvements to be at
cost or current market value as shown in the
valuation report from the panel valuer provided
that where current market value is greater than
the cost the valuer’s report demonstrates that a
clear uplift has been evident.
• Construction and/or refurbishment costs as
shown in the construction contract#.
• Professional fees and project management costs,
exclusive of costs expended to support the
development approval and factored into the "as
is" valuation.
• Marketing and sales costs.
• Statutory acquisition costs, rates and charges.
• Sundries and contingency allowances.
• Interest and funding costs.
# Must cover all costs to be incurred in bringing the
works to practical completion.
24
How the Banks draws down
25
Direct Project Costs
These costs relate to direct and relatively fixed budgeted project costs
such as council contributions, professional fees, construction
contingency claims, interest etc
These costs generally verified as per the Bank initial QS Report which
the valuation report and the Bank’s Funding Table is based upon. Most
of these costs are generally verified by the QS as part of the
assessment of a progress claim made by the Builder to Developer and
then to Bank.
Indirect Project Costs
These costs relate to indirect costs such as
financing costs, valuation costs, marketing
and advertising, legal, accounting, rates,
taxes etc.
These costs form part of the budgeted costs
within the funding table and are claimed
against paid invoices.
1. Who is the applicant?
2. What is being developed?
3. What is the loan amount?
4. Funding Table
5. Loan to value ratio’s
6. Project Feasibility
7. Project Location
8. Applicant’s experience
9. Borrowers and Guarantors A&L
10.Security offered
11.Quality of the sales
12.Exit Strategies
13.Capability of the builder
Basic
Elements of
a Finance
Application
Keep it simple and well summarised
26
27
Major shareholders and unitholders
Who has the Borrower relied upon as the source
of equity to date and is likely to reliable upon in
the future?
Director/s of the Borrower
Who are the key decision makers
Does the Guarantor have a reasonable
commercial benefit?
How can the owners of a company be locked into the
companies borrowings?
The Bank’s perspective on Guarantees
Who has the ability to withhold consent when it
comes to dealing with the securities?
28
What entities owned by the Borrower have
maintainable earnings?
where the borrower is a partly owned subsidiary of the
corporate guarantor;
where the monies guaranteed or secured will be applied
directly for the benefit of the corporate guarantor, by
being on lent to it, by reducing its debt to a third party,
or by funding an acquisition or construction in which it
has an interest;
where the corporate guarantor is a wholly owned
subsidiary of the borrower;
where the borrower is a wholly owned subsidiary of the
corporate guarantor;
the corporate guarantor is guaranteeing or providing
security in relation to the borrowings of one of a number
of individual shareholders; or
There may not be a commercial benefit if:
What establishes a reasonable commercial benefit?
where the borrowers are individuals who are the only
shareholders of the corporate guarantor.
29
the corporate guarantor is a partly owned subsidiary of
the borrower;
the corporate guarantor is guaranteeing or providing
security in relation to the borrowings of one of a number
of individual shareholders; or
Target
Integer sit aomet nunc ac sapie
Credit Enhancement Strategies
Pre letting of
Construction Costs
Locked Cash on TD
Push Senior Debt
down the risk curve
Use Residential or
Commercial LOC’s
to replace precious
equity with cheap
debt
1 2
3 4
30
Target
Integer sit aomet nunc ac sapie
Extend Loan Terms
and Capitalised
Interest Budget
Finance delivery
under via the
procurement of a
DCF or Turnkey
Construction
Contract
Strategic use of
Vendor Finance
Finance Land
Settlements with
Pref Equity starting
as 1st Mortgagee
5 6
7 8
31
Credit Enhancement Strategies continued
Target
Integer sit aomet nunc ac sapie
Approve Take Out
Finance for residual
debt
Utilise Pref Equity
funders in a Stretch
Senior Role
Partner with your
Purchasers
Contract a external
DM/PM with a high
end capability
statement
9 10
11 12
32
Credit Enhancement Strategies continued
Target
Integer sit aomet nunc ac sapie
Always, always,
always manage and
prepare and
instruct the
Valuation & QS
yourself!
Utilise pref equity
/mezzanine
13
16
33
14
15
Ensure Marketing
Strategy Achieves
Local Market Sales
Include a budget
for DM fees to
increase your
equity contribution
Credit Enhancement Strategies continued
Target
Integer sit aomet nunc ac sapie
What can you to do to reduce your risk and increase
return on equity
Put firewalls
between your liquid
assets, sources of
your cash flow and
your development
risk.
Restructuring your
debts across
multiple debt
providers
Raise undrawn
LOC’s against
surplus security
Consider D&C
Contracts
1 2
3 4
34
Target
Integer sit aomet nunc ac sapie
What can you to do to reduce your risk and increase
return on equity cont’
Utilise no doc
capitalised interest
Keep some mystery
Consider capital
partners who will
consider stand
alone facilities with
high LVR’s, lower or
no presales, less
restrictive
Utilise pref equity
/mezzanine
5 6
7 8
35
Target
Integer sit aomet nunc ac sapie
What can you to do to reduce your risk and increase
return on equity
Invest in assets
with strong
maintainable
earnings to show
interest cover and
debt amortisation
Heavily prioritise
interest payments
Don’t burn your
goodwill, keep your
plans evidence
based which can be
reported against
over time
Demonstrate a
willingness to work
with your bank
9 10
11 12
36
What developers
should be doing
now?
Reducing
your
Risk
Dilute your concentration with Banks
37
How many of your debt facilities are expiring in
the next 6 months?
Do you believe your debts are not cross
collateralised with the same lender?
Do you have all of your debts with one lender?
Do you have formal conditional approval in place
to finance your projects which are due to
commence inside the next 3-6months?
What is your exposure to a significant percentage
of your presales failing to settle?
Do you have any loan facilities due for review in
the next 3 months?
Do you have undrawn approved LOC’s you can
drawn down in need?
Do you have more than one or two Banking
relationships?
Concentration Risk Checklist
Are you certain your Bank will continue to honour
any indicative offers verbal or in writing?
Are your working capital accounts, cash reserves,
rental proceeds accounts, trading and transactional
accounts, term deposits, PPR loans and other
personal loans all with the same Bank?
38
Presentation by:
Matthew Royal Co-Founder Director DFP
mroyal@dfpartners.com.au
0450 505 433

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DFP Finance Masterclass

  • 1. Professional, Expert, Pragmatic, Trusted Advisors to the Australian Property Development Industry. DFP Client Experience “We would like to thank the team at DFP for their assistance recently in relation to the financing of our land subdivision project. We were frustrated with the Big 4 Banks as we had a shovel-ready, de-risked project that was being delayed by the ever- changing bank policies. Given the tight timeframes DFP performed, given their extensive relationships by providing competitive financing on terms compatible with our usual funding arrangements. Our new relationship is beginning to flourish with the new Banker, and we are already discussing the second phase of the funding for our project. We look forward to dealing with DFP in the future on other projects and we would have no hesitation in recommending the team to other clients.” DAVID SHARPE, Developer, Newcastle What David’s New Banker Says “Thank you to the Development Finance Partners team for your assistance and professionalism. It was pleasing to deal with a proactive, knowledgeable and pleasant Development Finance Advisor (and good bunch of lads)…”
  • 3. Summary - Last 12-18 Months The Australian Banks reduced appetite for Construction Finance has been well publicised. The are several contributing factors for this and they include:  A fundamental decline is presale sales rates;  APRA is well and truly holding the wip hand;  DFP understands all of the first and second tier APRA regulated Banks are uniformly complying with APRA’s demands for higher presales and lower gearing;  At the same Heightened settlement risk;  Retail Banking Divisions being forced by APRA to limit rate of residentially secured credit growth to 10% pa;  Heightened settlement risk due to valuations falling below purchase price.  A lack of funding for FIRB purchasers. 3
  • 4. Summary - Last 12-18 Months cont.  From a perspective of return on equity, development finance is not as attractive/profitable when compared to other financing opportunities such as lending to going concern businesses which have sound maintainable earnings with high transaction volumes.  The short to medium term fundamentals has declined in the markets where construction finance approvals have been historically high in recent years. 4
  • 5. Resulting Practical Effects  More stringent overall credit risk assessment especially with respect to new to Bank Clients.  Reduction of loan to value ratios reduced from 80% TDC to 65%-70% for construction finance.  Landbank facility approvals are exceedingly difficult to obtain any LVR.  Increased presale levels from 50% to as high as 120% debt qualifying cover  Increased complexity with respect to credit assessment and approvals leading to slower approval and settlement timeframes. 5
  • 6. Resulting Practical Effects cont.  Increased financing costs due to increases in Loan Establishment Fees, Margin and Line Fees.  Facility Limit approvals greater than $20m are becoming increasingly more difficult to obtain.  FIRB presales are non qualifying  Heavier reliance upon the strength of the Developers Net Worth vs TDC  Presales are taking longer to settle  Developers holding higher levels of stock on completion 6
  • 7. Resulting Practical Effects cont. 7  Developers are increasingly financing working capital via residual stock facilities.  An increase in number of non bank lenders have entered into our debt market.  A long period of competitive construction tenders and escalating construction costs has resulted in several small to mid tier builders going bust. We expect more builders won’t make it out of this cycle.
  • 8. Implications For The Year Ahead Opportunities  Adapt and Innovate your financing strategies at both a group level and at an individual project level  Structure Finances to allow for opportunistic acquisitions  Reduction in construction starts will decrease competitive future supply levels  Increased levels of Non Bank Capital Challenges  Increased cost of sales  Increased cost of capital  Declining values of committed sites  Declining presale rates  APRA will pressure Banks not to accept subordinated debt  APRA will pressure Banks to not accept project site related valuations 8
  • 9. Implications Fo The Year AheadRealities of Dealing with Offshore Hedgefunds 9 Five Key Determinates of Successful Offshore Lenders 1. Established Track Record in Australia; 2. Experienced Local Team of Property Finance Bankers on the Ground; 3. Ability to articulate a clear approval and settlement set of policies and procedures; 4. Clear pricing and lending guidelines; 5. Ability to provide transparent set of credentials ie local banking, client and legal referees, proof of transaction history, professional associations; ability to evidence sources of capital, google searches etc.
  • 10. Glossary of Terms The industry jargon explained 10 Jargon Description Meaning TDC Total Development Costs Sum of all project related costs exc GST and including Consultants Fees excluding DA , Presale Commissions, Marketing and Advertising Costs, Bank Interest, Finance Charges, Construction Contingency Budget, all Statuary Costs, Council Contributions, Land Cost at Valuation, Land Purchasing Costs ie Stamp Duty etc, Land Holding Costs ie Rates etc, Development & Project Management Fees, QS and Valuation Fees. GRV Gross Realisable Value Value of the completed development stock Ex GST On Comp On Completion Value Value of the completed development stock Ex GST Presales Debt Cover Value of Qualifying Presales Ex GST divided by the Bank Loan MOC or P&R or Development Margin or Profit Margin Development Profit Margin Net sale proceeds of the Development after GST minus the Total Development Costs divided by the Total Development Costs) TDC LVR Total Development Costs Loan to Value Ration Loan Amont Divided by the Total Development Costs On Comp or GRV LVR Gross Realisation Value Loan to Value Ratio Loan Amount Divided by the Gross Realisable Value Residual LVR Residual Loan to Value Ration Amount of the loan following the settlement of the presales Ex GST divided by the value of the remaining unsold stock. BBSY Bank Bill SWAP Rate Bank's Wholesale Cost of Funds Bank's Margin The percent on top of the Bank's Wholesale Cost of Funds Bank Bills Is the amount the Bank Charges you before they add their margin which includes their wholesale and overhead Mezz Mezzanine Finance Additional debt secured 2nd Ranking to the Bank Pref Equity Preferential Equity Very similar to Mezzanine Finance with the main exception being second mortgage is unregistered
  • 11. H1 Title H2 Title H2 Body text Paragraph copy. Ie: His idea, exposed in the "spanish" paragraph, was that European languages used all the same words borrowed from Latin, differing in grammar and pronunciation. In order to build a "lingua franca" -one of the holy grails of that time- he combined a Latin subset with an extremely simplified grammar and morphology. “Quote Text Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.” 11 Market Pricing for Risk
  • 12. Market Risk and Pricing 12 Product Bank Non Bank Non Bank >5m Mezzanine Corp Pref Equity Interest Rate BBSY + 2.5% + 1.5% Line 9.95% 11%-14% 15%-20% 20% Fees 0.5% 1%-2% 1%-2% 2%-4% 3% LVR TDC 70% 80% 80% 85% 50% of Developers Capital LVR GRV 55-60% On Comp 65% On Comp 65% On Comp 75% On Comp NA LVR Lank Bank 35% on Land Only 65% on Land Only 35% on Land Only 70% Land Bank NA Presales 100-130% 0%-50% 50% 80%-100% NA
  • 13. H1 Title 13 Case Study Turning plans into reality
  • 14. Case study background 14 Case Study Turning plans into reality • DFP was recently approached by the client to assist with the financing of a development consisting of 74 Luxuary Apartments on the Gold Coast. • Following previously unsuccessful attempts to secure a higher density DA the Client had recently secured the DA for the lesser dense scheme consisting the 74 apartments. • The site is an amalgamation of several individual vendors with settlements forecast to occur over several different dates. • Settlements are to required to occur between Jan – Mar 18. • Presales marketing campaign to commence in Dec 17. • Target construction start date May 18.
  • 15. Case study problem 15 Case Study Turning plans into reality • Client had insufficient cash equity available to refinance existing landbank debt, finance the remaining design approval and sales costs plus the additional cash equity required to finance the construction.
  • 17. Structured Finance Model 17 TRUE Cash Eq. To Come Soft Equity Cash Eq. To Date Pref. Equity Mezz. Debt Senior Debt TOTAL State (Insert State) Funding Assumptions / (Cash Out) Facility Limit - 1,000,000 3,320,000 Start Date - Jan/18 Jan/18 End Date - Jul/18 Jul/18 Term (Months) - 6 6 Interest Rate / Coupon Rate 15.00% 20.00% 6.00% Debt Fees 2.00% 3.00% 1.00% Revenue No. Units Fully Let NET Rent Pre-Commit NET Ret $ Legal Fees 10,000 10,000 10,000 Residential 74 75,000,000 DFP Advisory Fees 2.50% 2.50% 1.50% Retail - - - - Target Loan To Total Land Value Ratio 50.00% 40.00% 35.00% Commercial - - - - Other Revenue - - Development Costs Gross Realisation 75,000,000 Total Land + Refinance 780,000 2,000,000 2,800,000 - 800,000 3,120,000 9,500,000 Balance Land Value 1,000,000 Land Transaction Costs - - 200,000 - - - 200,000 GST (6,750,000) Construction Costs (exc. GST) - - - - - - - Sales Commissions Payable At Settlement 1,335,900 Professional Fees (exc. GST) - - - - - - - Net Realisation 67,914,100 Statutory Fees & Contributions - - - - - - - Land Holding Costs - - - - - - - Development Costs Advertising & Marketing - - 50,000 - - - 100,000 Whole-of-Site Land Purchase Price 7,500,000 Presale Commissions (exc. GST) 913,514 - 100,000 - - - 1,013,514 As Is Land Value Stage 1 8,500,000 Other Costs - - 50,000 - - - 50,000 Land Transaction Costs 4.91% 368,000 Total Incentives - - - - - - - Construction Costs (exc. GST) 3 36,500,000 Project Contingency 5.00% 1,825,000 Total Development Costs 1,693,514 2,000,000 3,200,000 - 800,000 3,120,000 10,863,514 Professional Fees (exc. GST) 1 1,480,000 Interest & Finance Charges - 127,408 142,298 269,706 Statutory Fees & Contributions 1,850,000 DFP Advisory Fees - 28,000 55,000 83,000 Land Holding Costs 150,000 Advertising & Marketing 0.27% 200,000 Total Costs 1,693,514 2,000,000 3,200,000 - 955,408 3,317,298 11,216,220 Presale Commissions (exc. GST) 1.35% 1,013,514 Loan to Total Land Value Ratio (Cumulative) - 44.98% 34.92% Other Costs 525,000 Total Outflow - (800,000) (3,120,000) Total Incentives - Total Inflow - 955,408 3,317,298 Total Development Costs 52,411,514 IRR (%) - 43.05% 13.16% Finance Charges 1.28% 671,000 Interest 2,478,178 Cash Eq. To Come Soft Equity Cash Eq. To Date Pref. Equity Mezz. Debt Senior Debt Total Finance and Interest - Senior Debt 3,149,178 Funding Assumptions / (Cash Out) Facility Limit - 12,850,000 40,000,000 Total Costs 55,560,691 BBSY / Coupon Rate 15.00% 20.00% 4.75% Margin / Profit Share 15.00% - - Project Profit 11,353,409 Line Fees 1.25% Development Margin (%) 20.43% Lender Establishment Fees - 3.00% 1.00% DFP Advisory Fees - 2.50% 1.50% Finance Charges 0.69% 364,000 Mortgage Documentation Fees 10,000 10,000 10,000 Interest 3,614,591 First Drawdown Date - Jul/18 Dec/18 Finance and Interest - Mezz. Debt & Pref. Equity 3,978,591 Peak LTC 70.00% Peak LVR 60.00% Project Profit (inc. Mezz. Debt & Pref. Equity) 7,374,818 IRR 35.00% 20.00% 14.00% Development Margin (%) 13.27% Development Costs FALSE Total Land + Refinance 1,269,464 1,647,294 3,580,000 - 3,003,242 9,500,000 Land Transaction Costs - 168,000 200,000 - - - 368,000 Initial Loan Settlement Jan-18 Construction Costs (exc. GST) 529,060 - - 5,351,840 30,619,100 36,500,000 Financial Close Date Jul-18 Project Contingency - - - - - 1,825,000 1,825,000 Construction Duration (Months) 18 Professional Fees (exc. GST) - - - - - 1,480,000 1,480,000 Settlement Start Date Jan-20 Statutory Fees & Contributions 100,000 - - - - 1,750,000 1,850,000 Settlement Duration (Months) 4 Land Holding Costs - - - - 150,000 150,000 Advertising & Marketing 50,000 - 50,000 - - 100,000 200,000 Project Completion Date 30-Apr-20 Presale Commissions (exc. GST) - - 1,013,514 - - - 1,013,514 Other Costs - - - - - 525,000 525,000 Total Incentives - - - - - - - Development Costs Cash Equity Soft Equity Equity to Date 1st Mortgage Total DFP Advisory Fees - - - 353,000 660,000 1,013,000 As Is Land Value Stage 1 + Balance Land Value 3,000,000 2,000,000 5,000,000 4,500,000 9,500,000 Mortgage Documentation Fees - - - 11,000 11,000 22,000 Land Transaction Costs 200,000 - 200,000 - 200,000 Total Finance Costs - 3,614,591 2,478,178 6,092,768 Construction Costs (exc. GST) - - - - - Professional Fees (exc. GST) - - - - - Total Development Costs 1,948,524 1,815,294 4,843,514 - 12,333,672 39,598,278 60,539,282 Statutory Fees & Contributions - - - - - Alert Check - - - - Land Holding Costs - - - - - Advertising & Marketing 50,000 - 50,000 - 50,000 LTC (Cumulative) 100.00% 85.78% 85.78% 70.01% Presale Commissions (exc. GST) - - - - - LTC On-Completion (Cumulative) 86.65% 74.99% 74.99% 57.18% Other Costs 50,000 - 50,000 - 50,000 Total Incentives - - - - - Interest & Finance Charges - - - 200,000 200,000 Debt Coverage Pref. Equity Mezz. Debt Senior Debt Total Local Sales 20 20,270,270 51.19% Peak LTC 4.05% 20.02% 64.17% 83.54% Total Development Costs 3,300,000 2,000,000 5,300,000 4,700,000 10,000,000 Channel Sales 20 20,270,270 51.19% Peak LVR 3.54% 17.50% 56.10% 73.03% Retail Sales 10 - - DFP Fee 1 - 35,300 66,000 101,300 Current Land Valuation - DFP Fee 2 - 70,600 132,000 202,600 Presales to Date: No. Total Value 40,540,541 102.38% DFP Fee 3 - 247,100 462,000 709,100 Local Sales - - Net of GST 38,716,216 97.77% FIRB Sales - - On-Completion Value (exc. GST) 69,250,000 Retail Sales - - Int. Rate IRR Total Cost Less Presales (38,716,216) Total - - Cash Equity - 95.03% 6,792,037 Total Security Value 30,533,784 Pref. Equity 15.00% - - Mezz. Debt 20.00% 25.98% 12,333,672 Construction Facility Limit 52,850,000 Lowest Possible Equity Requirement 1 Senior Debt 6.00% 8.75% 39,598,278 Less Presales (38,716,216) Lowest Possible Presales 2 Net Loan Amount 14,133,784 Fast Possible Start of Construction 3 WAR 9.32% 22.35% 58,723,988 Lowest Possible Cost of Finance 4 Total 14.34% 36.13% Residual LVR 46.29% DFP Engagement Priority Project Description Borrower Details Director Details Feasibility (Insert Project Description) (Insert Borrower Details) (Insert Director's Full Name) Weighted Average Rate (WAR) of Return Covenant and Fee Analysis Project Details (Insert Project Name / Developer)Project Name / Developer Project Address (Insert Project Address) DFP Landbank Funding Table - January 2018 Presales (Insert Director's Full Name) Project Timeline Spend to Date Funding Table (Before DFP) Construction Finance Funding Table - July 2018 Generate Facility Limit Estimate Jan-17 Jan-18 Jan-19 Jan-20
  • 18. Value of pref equity/mezzanine debt Precious cash is free to drive the rest of the developers pipeline Almost twice the return on the cash you need to invest You can actually decrease portfolio risk by increasing diversification and increasing your liquidity 18 Bring your project to market sooner Lower the amount of presales required
  • 19. An important benefit to creating mezzanine finance relationships to a Property Developer business is that it mitigates against acute changes in senior debt lender appetite resulting from a deterioration in the credit cycle. In this way when Banks change their lending guidelines from say 80% TDC to say 70% in a matter of months mezzanine finance can be used to plug the resulting gap of 10% of TDC in total debt required. This improves the maintainable ability of the Property Developer to successfully finance and deliver upon his/her pipeline to ensure his/capital plus profits can be realized in a reliable way. Why use Mezz? 19
  • 20. Why use Mezz? 20 Cash in the world of the Property Developer is a precious resource like water in the desert required to preserve life. The key benefits of maintaining sufficient levels of cash are summarized as follows: • Ability to demonstrate a maintainable level of cash equal to a minimum of 10% of your total current and non current debts is a good benchmark to show that you have sufficient working capital to finance your operational cashflows; • Demonstrates an ability to fund cost overruns beyond the standard contingency budget of 5% against the construction costs; • Indicates that Property Developer is allowing for sufficient resources to help fund the growth of his/her business. All of the above considerations are especially important to the senior debt Bankers and Credit Officers when assessing the liquidity of the applicant.
  • 21. Why use Mezz? 21 Most successful Property Developers use Mezzanine finance once their projects have derisked with DA and presales achieved to limit the use of further cash equity to finance the construction of the derisked project. This is the most sustainable use of Mezzanine finance.
  • 22. 1. Who is the applicant? 2. What is being developed? 3. What is the loan amount? 4. Loan to value ratio’s? 5. Project Feasibility 6. Project Location 7. Applicants experience 8. Borrower’s & Guarantor’s Financial Capacity 9. Security offered 10.Quality of the sales 11.Exit Strategies 12.Capability of the builder 13.Potential profitability of the applicant The Banker’s basic qualification questions 22
  • 23. Basic Lending Standards Demographic profile supports an acceptable level of demand for residential accommodation of the nature, size and cost proposed. Developments for which the program of works is scheduled to commence within 12 months of approval. Minimum forecasted project profit margin of 20% of development costs (inclusive of valuation uplift if no prior DA held). 23 Borrower must have a “significant amount” of cash invested and at risk
  • 24. What will the Bank Fund? Remember this…. The Bank will fund to revenue not to unrecoverable costs or speculative risk and borrowers equity always goes in first and comes out last. Eligible development costs comprise the sum of: • Value of land and existing improvements to be at cost or current market value as shown in the valuation report from the panel valuer provided that where current market value is greater than the cost the valuer’s report demonstrates that a clear uplift has been evident. • Construction and/or refurbishment costs as shown in the construction contract#. • Professional fees and project management costs, exclusive of costs expended to support the development approval and factored into the "as is" valuation. • Marketing and sales costs. • Statutory acquisition costs, rates and charges. • Sundries and contingency allowances. • Interest and funding costs. # Must cover all costs to be incurred in bringing the works to practical completion. 24
  • 25. How the Banks draws down 25 Direct Project Costs These costs relate to direct and relatively fixed budgeted project costs such as council contributions, professional fees, construction contingency claims, interest etc These costs generally verified as per the Bank initial QS Report which the valuation report and the Bank’s Funding Table is based upon. Most of these costs are generally verified by the QS as part of the assessment of a progress claim made by the Builder to Developer and then to Bank. Indirect Project Costs These costs relate to indirect costs such as financing costs, valuation costs, marketing and advertising, legal, accounting, rates, taxes etc. These costs form part of the budgeted costs within the funding table and are claimed against paid invoices.
  • 26. 1. Who is the applicant? 2. What is being developed? 3. What is the loan amount? 4. Funding Table 5. Loan to value ratio’s 6. Project Feasibility 7. Project Location 8. Applicant’s experience 9. Borrowers and Guarantors A&L 10.Security offered 11.Quality of the sales 12.Exit Strategies 13.Capability of the builder Basic Elements of a Finance Application Keep it simple and well summarised 26
  • 27. 27
  • 28. Major shareholders and unitholders Who has the Borrower relied upon as the source of equity to date and is likely to reliable upon in the future? Director/s of the Borrower Who are the key decision makers Does the Guarantor have a reasonable commercial benefit? How can the owners of a company be locked into the companies borrowings? The Bank’s perspective on Guarantees Who has the ability to withhold consent when it comes to dealing with the securities? 28 What entities owned by the Borrower have maintainable earnings?
  • 29. where the borrower is a partly owned subsidiary of the corporate guarantor; where the monies guaranteed or secured will be applied directly for the benefit of the corporate guarantor, by being on lent to it, by reducing its debt to a third party, or by funding an acquisition or construction in which it has an interest; where the corporate guarantor is a wholly owned subsidiary of the borrower; where the borrower is a wholly owned subsidiary of the corporate guarantor; the corporate guarantor is guaranteeing or providing security in relation to the borrowings of one of a number of individual shareholders; or There may not be a commercial benefit if: What establishes a reasonable commercial benefit? where the borrowers are individuals who are the only shareholders of the corporate guarantor. 29 the corporate guarantor is a partly owned subsidiary of the borrower; the corporate guarantor is guaranteeing or providing security in relation to the borrowings of one of a number of individual shareholders; or
  • 30. Target Integer sit aomet nunc ac sapie Credit Enhancement Strategies Pre letting of Construction Costs Locked Cash on TD Push Senior Debt down the risk curve Use Residential or Commercial LOC’s to replace precious equity with cheap debt 1 2 3 4 30
  • 31. Target Integer sit aomet nunc ac sapie Extend Loan Terms and Capitalised Interest Budget Finance delivery under via the procurement of a DCF or Turnkey Construction Contract Strategic use of Vendor Finance Finance Land Settlements with Pref Equity starting as 1st Mortgagee 5 6 7 8 31 Credit Enhancement Strategies continued
  • 32. Target Integer sit aomet nunc ac sapie Approve Take Out Finance for residual debt Utilise Pref Equity funders in a Stretch Senior Role Partner with your Purchasers Contract a external DM/PM with a high end capability statement 9 10 11 12 32 Credit Enhancement Strategies continued
  • 33. Target Integer sit aomet nunc ac sapie Always, always, always manage and prepare and instruct the Valuation & QS yourself! Utilise pref equity /mezzanine 13 16 33 14 15 Ensure Marketing Strategy Achieves Local Market Sales Include a budget for DM fees to increase your equity contribution Credit Enhancement Strategies continued
  • 34. Target Integer sit aomet nunc ac sapie What can you to do to reduce your risk and increase return on equity Put firewalls between your liquid assets, sources of your cash flow and your development risk. Restructuring your debts across multiple debt providers Raise undrawn LOC’s against surplus security Consider D&C Contracts 1 2 3 4 34
  • 35. Target Integer sit aomet nunc ac sapie What can you to do to reduce your risk and increase return on equity cont’ Utilise no doc capitalised interest Keep some mystery Consider capital partners who will consider stand alone facilities with high LVR’s, lower or no presales, less restrictive Utilise pref equity /mezzanine 5 6 7 8 35
  • 36. Target Integer sit aomet nunc ac sapie What can you to do to reduce your risk and increase return on equity Invest in assets with strong maintainable earnings to show interest cover and debt amortisation Heavily prioritise interest payments Don’t burn your goodwill, keep your plans evidence based which can be reported against over time Demonstrate a willingness to work with your bank 9 10 11 12 36
  • 37. What developers should be doing now? Reducing your Risk Dilute your concentration with Banks 37
  • 38. How many of your debt facilities are expiring in the next 6 months? Do you believe your debts are not cross collateralised with the same lender? Do you have all of your debts with one lender? Do you have formal conditional approval in place to finance your projects which are due to commence inside the next 3-6months? What is your exposure to a significant percentage of your presales failing to settle? Do you have any loan facilities due for review in the next 3 months? Do you have undrawn approved LOC’s you can drawn down in need? Do you have more than one or two Banking relationships? Concentration Risk Checklist Are you certain your Bank will continue to honour any indicative offers verbal or in writing? Are your working capital accounts, cash reserves, rental proceeds accounts, trading and transactional accounts, term deposits, PPR loans and other personal loans all with the same Bank? 38
  • 39. Presentation by: Matthew Royal Co-Founder Director DFP mroyal@dfpartners.com.au 0450 505 433