this information about engine oil. we have explaned all type of engine oil

1. Engine Oil
Jason Dearden
Steven Lemos
Engineering 45
Santa Rosa Junior College
Spring 2009

2. What Is Engine Grade Oil
 American Petroleum Institute (API)
 Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE)

3. A Brief History of Motor Oil
1846 Crude oil refining process discovered
Single Grade oil
Multi Grade oil
Synthetic oil first sold commercially in 1970

4. Properties
 Physical
Flash Point
Pour Point
Viscosity
 Chemical
Basic properties
Detergents

5. Viscosity
 Viscosity is the
measure of a fluids
resistance to flow
 How to measure
viscosity
 Units:
Dynamic: Pa-s,
Kinematic: Stokes (St)
Viscosity
Kinematic
Density
Viscosity
Dynamic


6. Viscosities of common fluids:
(At 25°C)
Viscosity (Pa·s) Viscosity (cPoise)
acetone 3.06 × 10−4 0.306
benzene 6.04 × 10−4 0.604
blood (37 °C) 3–4 × 10−3 3–4
castor oil 0.985 985
corn syrup 1.3806 1380.6
ethanol 1.074 × 10−3 1.074
ethylene glycol 1.61 × 10−2 16.1
glycerol 1.5 1500
HFO-380 2.022 2022
mercury 1.526 × 10−3 1.526
methanol 5.44 × 10−4 0.544
nitrobenzene 1.863 × 10−3 1.863
liquid nitrogen @ 77K 1.58 × 10−4 0.158
propanol 1.945 × 10−3 1.945
olive oil 0.081 81
pitch 2.3 × 108 2.3 × 1011
sulfuric acid 2.42 × 10−2 24.2
water 8.94 × 10−4 0.894

7. Single Grade oil Viscosity
Multi Grade Oil viscosity index improvers
(VII)
CCS=Cold Cranking
Simulator=ease of
engine cranking while
cold
MRV=Mini Rotary
Viscometer=Low
temperature
pumpability

8. SAE W viscosity grades for engine oils
Grade cranking pumping
0w 3250cP at -30°C 60,000cP at -40°C
5w 3500cP at -25°C 60,000cP at -35°C
10w 3500cP at -20°C 60,000cP at -30°C
15w 3500cP at -15°C 60,000cP at -25°C
20w 4500cP at -10°C 60,000cP at -20°C
25w 6000cP at -5°C 60,000cP at -15°C
SAE viscosity grades for engine oils
Grade low shear high shear
20 5.6 - 9.3 cSt at 100°C 2.6 cP at 150°C
30 9.3 - 12.5 cSt at 100°C 2.9 cP at 150°C
40a 12.5 - 16.3 cSt at 100°C 2.9 cP at 150°C
40b 12.5 - 16.3 cSt at 100°C 3.7 cP at 150°C
50 16.3 - 21.9 cSt at 100°C 3.7 cP at 150°C
60 21.9 - 26.1 cSt at 100°C 3.7 cP at 150°C
a (0w-40, 5w-40, 10w-40 grades)
b (15w-40, 20w-40, 25w-40, 40 grades)
Cold Temp
Running Temp

9. How Do Combustion Engines Work?
A General Combustion Engines take
the Linear motion of a piston and
convert it into Rotation. You can
see the piston moving side to
side, connected to the piston is
the rod, which is then connected
to the Crank, which delivers your
rotation to whatever you need it
for. You get the piston to move
by combusting fuel and air
creating a high pressure forcing
the piston down on the “power
stroke”. An engine speed is
rated in RPM (Revolutions per
Minute).
Crank Rod Piston Combustion
Chamber

10. Why do engines need oil
 Lubrication of moving parts
Engines move anywhere from 2000RPM-6000RPM in
Street vehicles and up to 19,000RPM + in Race
Engine. Parts would not last with metal to metal
contact. You need a barrier between parts to cut down
friction, oil is your barrier.
 Cooling
Oil also acts as a heatsink for the engine, and as stated
above, you need oil to cut down friction, if there was
no oil the heat caused from friction would be enough
to destroy any engine.
 Cleaning
Oil acts in another way, it removes dust
particles that enter the engine, and some of
the carbon build up in the engine. This is
one of the reasons it is important to change
your oil.

11. So, what happens to an engine
without oil???
 Engine Seizes
 Parts wear out very rapidly
 Catastrophic failures
 Holes in Engine Blocks

13. Questions?