gen

1. vad% 9
laiknd%
ufyu fodkl
lg;ksx%
vueksy feJk
eksfgr dqekj
jksfgr dqekj

2. .
,d yM+ds dks cgqr xqLlk vkrk Fkk A mlds firk us mlds xqLls dks 'kkar djus dk
QSlyk fd;k vkSj dhy ls Hkjk ,d FkSyk mlds gkFk esa nsrs gq, dgk fd tc rqEgsa xqLlk vk,
rks ckM+ esa ,d dhy gFkkSM+s ls Bksd nsuk A
igys fnu yM+ds us ckM+ esa 37 dhy Bksdh A
dqN gh g¶rksa esa yM+ds us /khjs&/khjs vius xqLls ij fu;a=.k djuk 'kq: dj fn;k vkSj
ckM+ esa dhyksa dh la[;k de gksrh xbZ A mlus ik;k fd gFkkSM+s ls ckM+ esa dhy Bksdus dh
vis{kk vius xqLls ij fu;a=.k djuk cgqr vklku gS A
vkf[kjdkj og fnu Hkh vk;k tc ml yM+ds dks fcydqy xqLlk ugha vk;k A mlus
vius firk dks ;g [kcj lqukbZ vkSj firk us lq>ko fn;k fd mldks gj fnu ,d dhy
fudkyuh pkfg, ftlus mlds xqLls dks fu;a=.k esa j[kk A
fnu chrrs x, vkf[kjdkj ,d fnu og ;qod vius firk dks crkus esa lQy gqvk fd
mlus ckM+ esa yxh lHkh dhysa fudky nh gaSA firk mldks gkFk ls idM+dj ckM+ dh rjQ ys
x;k vkSj mlls dgk Þesjs csVs] rqeus cgqr vPNk fd;k] ysfdu ckM+ esa gq, Nsn dks ns[kksA ;g
ckM+ igys ,slk ugha FkkA tc ge xqLls esa dqN dgrs gSa rks ,d fu'kku NksM+ nsrs gSa tSls fd
ckM+ esa gq, Nsn dk fu'kkuA vki fdlh vkneh dks pkdw ekj dj ckgj fudky ldrs gSaA blls
dksbZ QdZ ugha iM+rk fd vki fdruh ckj ^eq>s ekQ dj nks* dgrs gSa] tcfd ?kko vHkh Hkh ogka
ij ekStwn gSA**
Hkk’kk] lkfgR; ,oa laLd`fr dh bZ&if=dk ^lqjfHk^ dk u;k vad izLrqr gSA
vk”kk gS fiNyk vad vkidks ilan vk;k gksxkA gesa if=dk dh lkexzh ds
ckjs esa cgqr lkjh izfrfØ;k,a feyh gSaA bl vad esa ge ns”k ds egÙoiw.kZ
jkT; ^mÙkjk[k.M^ ij fo”ks’k lkexzh ns jgs gSaA if=dk ds orZeku izk:i ds
vuq:i Hkk’kk] dyk] lkfgR; ,oa laLd`fr ls lacaf/kr y?kq ,oa jkspd jpuk,a
lknj vkeaf=r gSaA gesa vkids lq>koksa dk bartkj jgsxkA
& laiknd
y?kq dFkk % xqLls ij fu;a=.k
dVkjey lw;Z eafnj mÙkjk[kaM jkT; ds vYeksM+k ftys ds
^dVkjey* uked LFkku ij fLFkr gksus ds dkj.k bl eafnj dks ^dVkjey
lw;Z eafnj^ dgk tkrk gSA vYeksM+k ls yxHkx 17 fd-eh- dh nwjh ij fLFkr
mÙkjk[kaM 'kSyh ls cuk ;g eafnj yxHkx 800 o"kZ iqjkuk gS। dVkjey lw;Z
eafnj iwjs dqekš eaMy dk lcls fo'kky] špk vkSj vuwBk eafnj gSA
mM+hlk ds Þdks.kkdZ lw;Z eafnjß ds ckn ;g ,dek= çkphu lw;Z eafnj gSA
;g eafnj okLrqdyk dk cstksM+ uewuk gSA bls ^cM+kfnR;^ ds uke
ls Hkh tkuk tkrk gSA okLrqdyk dh izd`fr vkSj [kaHkksa ij fy[ks f'kykys[kksa
ds vk/kkj ij bl eafnj dk fuekZ.k 13oha 'krkCnh esa gqvk ekuk tkrk gSA

3. ¡
/kjksgj % jEek.k mRlo
^jEek.k mRlo^ cSlk[kh ij vk;ksftr gksus okyk ioZ gSA ^cSlk[kh^ dk lEcU/k Qly dVkbZ]
nsoh&nsorkvksa vkSj /kkfeZd ijEijkvksa ls gSA mÙkjk[kaM esa cSlk[kh ^fc[kksrh^ uke ls çpfyr gSA
^fc[kksrh^ ds volj ij mÙkjk[kaM ds vusd lqjE; LFkkuksa ij /kkfeZd vuq"Bkuksa vkSj esyksa dk
vk;kstu djus dh ijaijk jgh gSA
peksyh ftys ds xk¡o lywM&Mqaxzk esa vk;ksftr gksus okyk ^jEek.k^ mRlo mÙkjk[kaM dh
cgqjaxh dyk vkSj laL—fr dk ifjp; iwjh nqfu;k ls djk jgk gSA bl mRlo ds nkSjku
u`R;&ukfVdk ds }kjk jkek;.k ds fofHkUu çlaxksa] ikSjkf.kd vkSj ,sfrgkfld xkFkkvksa dk çn'kZu
fd;k tkrk gSA ;wusLdks ¼UNESCO½ us ^jEek.k^ dks fo'o /kjksgj ?kksf"kr fd;k gSA
[kqn dks bruk Hkh er cpk;k dj]
ckfj'ksa gks rks Hkhx tk;k djA
pk¡n ykdj dksbZ ugha nsxk]
vius psgjs ls txexk;k djA
nnZ ghjk gS] nnZ eksrh gS]
nnZ vk¡[kksa ls er cgk;k djA
“kdhy vkt+eh dh xt+y% Hkhx tk;k dj
dke ys dqN glhu gksBkas ls]
ckrksa&ckrksa esa eqLdqjk;k djA
/kwi ek;wl ykSV tkrh gS]
Nr is fdlh cgkus vk;k djA
dkSu dgrk gS fny feykus dks]
de&ls&de gkFk rks feyk;k djA
jEek.k mRlo mÙkjk[kaM dh cgqewY; fojklr gSA lywM&Mqaxzk
xk¡o esa vk;ksftr gksus okys ^jEek.k^ mRlo dk lEcU/k mÙkjk[kaM ds
yksd nsork Hkwfe;ky ls gSA Hkwfe;ky nsork U;k; ds nsork gSA
mÙkjk[kaM esa Qly dVkbZ ds nkSjku Hkwfe;ky nsork dh ikSjkf.kd
dky ls gh lkewfgd :i ls iwtk&vpZuk vk;ksftr djus dh ijaijk
jgh gSA lywM&Mqaxzk xk¡o esa Hkh ^jEek.k^ mRlo ls iwoZ] rhu fnuksa
rd Hkwfe;ky nsork dh ifjokjksa esa iwjs fof/k&fo/kku ls iwtk dh
tkrh gSA
bl ioZ ls iwoZ jkf= dks xk¡o ds yksx ,d LFkku ij
,d= gksrs gS vkSj tkxj.k dk vk;kstu fd;k tkrk gSA LFkkuh;
Hkk"kk esa bl vk;kstu dks ^L;qrqZ^ dgrs gaSA <ksy&nekÅ] Hkadksjk]
ethjs ¼mÙkjk[kaM ds ikjaifjd ok| ;U=½ ds lqj&rky esa
^jEek.k^ mRlo esa lfEefyr lHkh yksx u`R; djrs gSaA ^L;qrqZ^ esa
os lHkh yksx Hkh gksrs gSa] tks vxys fnu vk;ksftr gksus okyh
jEek.k u`R;&ukfVdk esa egÙoiw.kZ ik=ksa dh Hkwfedk fuHkkrs gSaA
mRlo ds fnu Hkwfe;ky nsork dks iwtk lekfIr ds i'pkr ?kj ls ckgj
yk;k tkrk gSA ,d yacs ckal ds naM ds fljs ij Hkwfe;ky nsork dh pk¡nh dhs
ewfrZ yxkbZ tkrh gS vkSj bls jax&fcjaxs diM+ksa vkSj xk; dh iw¡N ds ckyksa ls
ltk;k tkrk gSA LFkkuh; yksx bls ^yoksVw^ dgrs gSaA xk¡o ds Hkwfe;ky nsork
eafnj ds çkax.k esa jEek.k u`R;&ukfVdk vk;ksftr dh tkrh gS vkSj jkek;.k
ds fofHkUu çlaxksa dk cM+s gh lqanj vkSj jkspd <ax ls eapu fd;k tkrk gSA

4. ekrk “kCn baMks&;wjksih; Hkk’kk&ifjokj ds lcls iqjkus “kCnksa esa ls ,d gSA laL—r esa ekr`]
tsan vosLrk esa ekrj] Qk+jlh&mnwZ esa eknj] xzhd esa METER, ySfVu esa MATER, teZu esa
MUOTAR, Lyko esa MATI, Mp esa MOEDER vkSj vaxsth esa MOTHER tSls lacks/kulwpd “kCn
ns[kus dks feyrs gSaA fo}ku bl “kCn dh mRifÙk vyx&vyx <ax ls crkrs gSaA laL—r esa blds
tUe ds ihNs fuekZ.klwpd ^ek^ /kkrq ekuh tkrh gSA vFkkZr~ tks fuekZ.k djs oks ek¡A dqN bls ^eku^~
/kkrq ls fudyk “kCn ekurs gSa vFkkZr~ ftldk eku&lEeku o iwtk dh tk, og gS ekrkA ijarq]
dqN Hkk’kkfoKkuh mRifÙk;ksa ds bu vk/kkjksa dks diksy dYiuk ekurs gq, bls ^e^ o.kZ ls fudyk
gqvk ekurs gSaA /ofu vuqdj.k izHkko ds pyrs ,d gh vk/kkj ls mBdj Hkkjrh;&;wjksih;
Hkk’kk&ifjokj esa QSyrk pyk x;kA f”k”kq ftu ewy ?ofu;ksa dks vuk;kl fudkyrk gS muesa
lokZf/kd ^e^ o.kZ okyh gh gksrh gSa] ;Fkk& ve~] ee~] gqEe~ vkfnA
fgUnh lfgr dbZ Hkkjrh; Hkk’kkvksa esa ek¡ ds fy, ^vEek^ lfgr blls feyrs&tqyrs “kCn
feyrs gSa] tSls& ejkBh esa vkbZ] ekbZ] ek;] dUuM+ esa vEc tSls “kCn laL—r ds ^vEck^ ls fudys
gSa ftldk vFkZ ek¡ gksrk gSA Hkk’kkfoKkfu;ksa ds eqrkfcd eqfLye lekt esa cksyk tkus okyk ^vEeh^
”kCn blls gh fudyk gS vkSj vaxzsth ds ekWe ;k eEeh ds ihNs Hkh ;gh vk/kkj gSA
lkHkkj & “kCnksa dk lQj ¼vftr oMusjdj½
“kCn dh mRifÙk % ekrk
nqfu;k dh igyh ,Vh,e e'khu 27 twu] 1967 dks yanu ds ckjDyst cSad esas yxkbZ xbZ FkhA
Hkkjr esa igyk ,Vh,e lu~ 1987 esa yxk;k x;k FkkA ;g ,Vh,e gksaxdksax ,aM 'ka?kkbZ cSafdax d‚iksZjs'ku
¼,p,lchlh½ us eqacbZ esa yxk;k FkkA ,Vh,e ds vkfo"dkjd Ld‚VySaM fuoklh t‚u 'ksQMZ cSju dk
tUe 23 twu 1925 dks es?kky; ds f'kykSax esa gqvk FkkA cSju us dHkh viuh e'khu dk isVsaV ugha djk;k
D;ksafd og viuh VsDuksy‚th dks xqIr j[kuk pkgrs FksA cSju ,Vh,e dk fiu 6 vadksa dk j[kus ds i{k
esa Fks] ysfdu iRuh ds dgus ij mUgksaus pkj vadksa dk ,Vh,e fiu cuk;kA vkt Hkh pkj vadksa dk
,Vh,e fiu pyu esa gSA
,Vh,e ls flQZ iSls gh ugha] cfYd xksYM Hkh fudyk tk ldrk gSA igyh xksYM&IysV fudkyus
okyh e'khu vcw /kkch ds vehjkr iSysl gksVy dh y‚ch esa yxkbZ xbZ FkhA blls 320 rjg ds xksYM
vkbVe fudkys tk ldrs FksA czkthy esa cSafdax VªkatsD'ku vkSj ikloMZ dks T;knk lqjf{kr cukus ds fy,
ck;ksesfVªd ,Vh,e dk bLrseky fd;k tkrk gSA bu ,Vh,e ls iSlk fudkyus ds fy, fiu dh txg
fQaxjfçaV dk ç;ksx gksrk gSA
nqfu;k dk lcls Å¡pk ,Vh,e ukFkw yk esa gSA ;g leqæ ry ls 14300 QhV dh Å¡pkbZ ij
fLFkr gSA ;g ,Vh,e Hkkjr&phu ckWMZj ij vkehZ ds fy, yxk;k x;k gSA igyk rSjrk gqvk ,Vh,e
Hkkjrh; LVsV cSad }kjk dksfPp ¼dsjy½ ds >adkj esa yxk;k x;k FkkA dsjyk f'kfiax ,.M buySaM
usohxs'ku d‚jiksjs'ku ¼KSINC½ ds ikl bldk ekfydkuk gd FkkA nqfu;k dk lcls vdsyk ,Vh,e
vaVkdZfVdk esa gSA ;gk¡ ij flQZ ,d gh ,Vh,e gSA
D;k vki tkurs gSa ? ,Vh,e ds ckjs esa jkspd rF;

5. izfl) O;fDrRo % clarh nsoh fc’V
ftl mez esa reke efgyk,a [kqn dks ?kj dh ngyht rd lesV ysrh gSa] ml mez esa ,d
xzkeh.k efgyk us reke otZuk,a rksM+dj gkjeksfu;e Fkkek vkSj fj;kt 'kq: fd;kA mlus iq#"kksa
ds ,dkf/kdkj vkSj :f<+;ksa dks rksM+rs gq, mÙkjk[kaM dh igyh çksQs'kuy efgyk tkxj xkf;dk
gksus dk xkSjo gkfly fd;kA 63 lky dh clarh fc"V in~e lEeku ls lEekfur gksus okyh
mÙkjk[kaM dh bdykSrh 'kf[l;r gSaA clarh fc"V dh igpku flQZ ikjaifjd ok| ;a= MkSaj
¼Me:½ ctkus vkSj Hkxorh ds tkxj dh vlk/kkj.k vkokt ds rkSj ij gh ugha gS] cfYd
mÙkjk[kaM vkanksyu ds nkSjku muds fy[ks xhr vkt Hkh [kwc ilan fd;s tkrs gSaA
clarh fc"V mÙkjk[kaM ds peksyh ftys ds Yo‚.kh
¼Luwani½ xkao dh jgus okyh gSaA ikapoha d{kk rd i<+kbZ djus
okyh clarh fc"V dks tkxj dh 'kq:vkrh f'k{kk viuh ek¡a
fcjek nsoh ls feyh tks [kqn cgqr vPNk tkxj xkrh FkhaA os
mudks gh viuk xq: ekurh gSaA clarh fc"V dh 'kknh 19
lky dh mez esa jathr flag fc"V ls gqbZ FkhA muds ifr lsuk
esa FksA bl dkj.k os Hkh muds lkFk dbZ 'kgjksa esa jghaA ,d
ckj muds ifr dh iksfLVax tkya/kj esa gqbZA muds ?kj ds
ikl ,d rfey efgyk jgrh FkhA og viuh yksd laL—fr ls
tqM+s xkus xkrh Fkh vkSj cPpksa dks xkuk Hkh fl[kkrh FkhA
;g ns[kdj clarh us Hkh viuh yksd laL—fr ls tqM+ss
xhrksa dks xkus dk QSlyk fd;kA ifr ls vuqefr feyus ds
ckn mUgkasuss paMhx<+ ds çkphu dyk dsUæ ls 'kkL=h; laxhr
dh f'k{kk yh rkfd os xk;u dh ckjhfd;ksa dks lh[k ldsaA
lky 1997 esa Yo‚.kh xkao esa xzke ç/kku ds pquko gq, ftlesa
clarh fc"V fot;h jgha vkSj bl rjg oks igyh efgyk xzke
ç/kku cuhA dqN le; ds ckn vyx mÙkjk[kaM jkT; dh
ekax tksj idM+us yxhA clarh fc"V us bl vkanksyu esa
c<+&p<+ djfgLlk fy;kA LFkkuh; yksxksa dks tkx:d djus vkSj vkanksyu etcwr djus ds fy, mUgksaus u
flQZ dbZ xkus fy[ks cfYd mudks viuh vkokt Hkh nhA
bl rjg ,d vksj tc muds xk, xkuksa ls yksxksa esa tks'k iSnk gksrk] rks ogha nwljh vksj
clarh fc"V dks blls mRlkg feyrkA rc clarh fc"V us lkspk fd D;ksa u viuh lkaL—frd
fojklr dks cpkus ds fy, dqN fd;k tk,A blds fy, mUgksauas r; fd;k fd os ^ek¡ uank nsoh*
ds tkxj xkuk 'kq: djsaxh] ftls os cpiu ls lqurh vk jgh FkhaA uank nsoh ds tkxj dgha Hkh
fyf[kr :i esa ugha gaS] yksx bls ,d ih<+h ls lqudj nwljh ih<+h dks lqukrs gSaA bl tkxj esa
^ek¡ uank nsoh* dh dgkuh dks xkdj lquk;k tkrk gSA clarh nsoh us lcls igys tkxj ds
mPpkj.k esa tks dfe;ka Fkha mudks lq/kkjuk 'kq: fd;kA blds ckn ^ek¡ uank nsoh* ds tkxj dks
fdrkc dh 'kDy esa fijks;k vkSj mls viuh vkokt esa xk;kA mUgksaus bl fdrkc dks uke fn;k
^uank ds tkxj*A bl fdrkc ds lkFk mUgksaus uank nsoh dh Lrqfr dks viuh vkokt esa xkdj ,d
lhMh Hkh rS;kj dh tks fdrkc ds lkFk gh feyrh gSA mÙkjk[kaM esa tkxj dks ges'kk iq#"k ç/kku
gh le>k tkrk FkkA blesa eq[; xk;d iq#"k gh gksrk Fkk vkSj vxj dksbZ efgyk bls xkrh Fkh
rks flQZ tkxj esa lkFk nsus dk dke djrh FkhA tc clarh fc"V us tkxj xkuk 'kq: fd;k rks

6. Yksxksa us bldk [kwc fojks/k fd;kA ysfdu tSls&tSls mudh çflf) c<+rh xbZ yksx mudks
Lohdkj djrs x,A vkt os flQZ tkxj gh ugha cfYd ekaxy] ikaMokuh] U;kSyh vkSj nwljs
ikjaifjd xhr Hkh xkrh gSaA
fiNys 20 lkyksa ls clarh fc"V ^ek¡ uank nsoh* ds tkxj dks ikjEifjd iks'kkd esa gh
xkrh gSaA blds fy, og Lrqfr ds le; xk, tkus okys ^ik[kqyk* dks igurh gSaA ^ik[kqyk* ,d
dkyk dacy gksrk gS ftls iguus esa yksxksa dks f>>d eglwl gksrh Fkh] ysfdu os bls cM+s
lEeku ds lkFk igurh gSaA clarh dgrh gSa fd tkxj ,d ,slh fo/kk gS ftls de ls de ok|
;a=ksa ds lkFk xk;k tkrk gSA blesa MkSaj ¼Me:½] Fkkyh] gqM+dk tSls ok|;a= bLrseky gksrs gSaA
tkxj xkrs le; MkSaj ¼Me:½ dks clarh fc"V [kqn gh ctkrh gSaA ;g ijaijk vkxs Hkh cuh jgs
blds fy, og nwljh efgykvksa dks Hkh tkxj fl[kkrh gSaA
fo”ks’k jkT; % mÙkjk[k.M
Hkkjr ds mÙkj esa cls mÙkjk[k.M jkT; dkss nsoHkwfe Hkh dgk tkrk gSSA 9 uoacj] 2000 dks
dbZ o’kksZa ds vkanksyu ds i”pkr mÙkj izns”k jkT; ls vyx gksdj ,d u, jkT; dk mn; gqvk
ftls Hkkjr x.kjkT; ds 27osa jkT; ds :i esa foLFkkfir fd;k x;kA lu 2000 ls 2006 rd ;g
jkT; ^mÙkjkapy^ ds uke ls tkuk x;kA izkjafHkd fgUnw xzUFkksa vkSj izzkphu lkfgR; esa bldk
mYys[k ^mÙkjk[k.M^ ds uke ls fd;k x;k gSA 1 tuojh] 2007 dks LFkkuh; yksxksa dh Hkkoukvksa
dks /;ku esa j[krs gq, blds vkf/kdkfjd uke dks cnydj ^mÙkjk[k.M^ dj fn;k x;kA bl
jkT; dh lhek,a mÙkj esa ^frCcr^ vkSj iwoZ esa ^usiky^ ls yxh gqbZ gSaA if”pe esa ^fgekpy izns”k^
vkSj nf{k.k esa ^mÙkj izns”k^ bldh lhek ls yxs jkT; gSaA laLd``r esa ^mÙkjk[k.M^ uke laL—r
“kCnksa mÙkj ¼mÙkj fn”kk½ vkSj [k.M ¼Hkwfe½ ls feydj cuk gS ftldk vFkZ mÙkjh {ks= ;k Hkkx
gksrk gSA
mÙkjk[kaM dk xkSjo'kkyh vrhr jgk gSA ;g egku lezkVksa] lkezkT;ksa tSls& dq'kul]
dqfnul] dfu"d] leqæxqIr] drqfjv] iyk'k] pUæl vkSj ikojk dh mRifÙk vkSj fodkl dk ,d
yack bfrgkl gSA ;gk¡ x<+okyh vkSj dqekÅ¡uh nks eq[; {ks=h; Hkk"kk,¡ gSa] ysfdu lcls vf/kd
cksyh tkus okyh Hkk"kk fgUnh gSA dqekÅ¡uh vkSj x<+okyh cksfy;k¡ x<+oky vkSj dqekÅ¡ {ks= esa cksyh
tkrh gSaA if'pe vkSj mÙkj esa dqN vkfnoklh leqnk;ksa esa tkSulkjh vkSj HkksfV;k cksfy;k¡ cksyh
tkrh gSaA
mÙkjk[kaM viuh HkkSxksfyd lqnajrk ds fy, gh ugha cfYd viuh fofo/k lkaL—frd
ijEijkvksa ds fy, Hkh tkuk tkrk gSA ;gk¡ dh laL—fr] tu&ekul vkSj ç—fr ds vn~Hkqr
rky&esy dk laxe gS] tks ;gk¡ ds flok dgha vkSj ns[kus dks ugha feyrh gSA
gj lekt dh laL—fr mlds fy, csgn [kkl gksrh gSA dqekÅauh laL—fr ds vykok ;gka
tksgkj dh laL—fr dk Hkh viuk vyx egÙo gSA ;gka ds yksx fo'ks"k rjg dh iks'kkd vkSj
vyx rjg ds vkHkw"k.kksa dks /kkj.k djrs gSaA mÙkjk[kaM dh laL—fr esa ^'kkSdk lekt^ dk viuk
LFkku jgk gSA lhekar fiFkkSjkx<+ ftys ds tksgkj&equL;kjh {ks= esa fuokl djus okys 'kkSdk
lekt ds yksx viuh fof'k"V igpku j[krs gSaSA
'kkSdk lekt dh os'kHkw"kk vyx igpku j[krh gSA [kkl dj
efgyk,a fo'ks"k rjg ds oL=] vkHkw"k.k vkfn /kkj.k djrh gSaA mPp fgeky;
dh xksjh xaxk ?kkVh esa jgus okyh 'kkSdk lekt dh efgyk,a lkewfgd
vk;kstu esa vkt Hkh tc viuh ikjaifjd os'kHkw"kk esa gksrh gSa vkSj lgt gh
nwljksa dk /;ku viuh vksj [khap ysrh gSaA

7. vkHkw"k.kksa dk mi;ksx gj lekt vkfn dky ls djrk vk;k
gSA T;kj&equL;kj ¼{ks=h; cksyh ds 'kCn½ dh cksyh esa vkHkw"k.k ;k
tsojkr dks ^gr&dku^ dgk tkrk gSA 'kkfCnd vFkZ ds vuqlkj
bldk vk'k; gkFk o dku esa igus tkus okys 'kksHkk;eku oLrqvksa
ls gSA 'kkSdk lekt esa mi;ksx gksus okys vkHkw"k.k gh ugha iqjkus
le; esa nSfud thou esa ç;ksx gksus okyh oLrq,a] dk"V&/kkrq ls
fufeZr jlksbZ ds crZu vkfn Hkh fof'k"V gSaA
nSoh; LFkyksa vkSj çk—frd /kjksgj ls lEiUu ;g {ks=]
viuh yksd laL—fr dks cM+h 'kkyhurk ds lkFk lgsts gq, gSA
;gk¡ ds mRloksa vkSj /kkfeZd lekjksgksa esa yksd laL—fr ds fofHkUu
jax ns[kus dks feyrs gSaA ;gk¡ ds yksd ok|] yksd xhr] yksd
xk;u 'kSyh] yksd u`R;] fp= vFkok f'kYi cgqr le`) gaSA yksd
xhrksa dh rjg gh ;gk¡ ds yksd u`R;ksa esa Hkh deky dh fofo/krk
ns[kh tk ldrh gSA
mÙkjk[kaM ds çkphu u`R;ksa esa eaMk.k lcls T;knk yksdfç;
gSA fookg ;k /kkfeZd vuq"Bku ds volj ij bldks xk¡o ds pkSd
;k eSnku ds chp esa vfXu çTofyr dj vkSj lHkh ikjaifjd ;U=ksa
¼<ksy neks] j.kflagk] Hkadksj½ dks ctkdj] xhrksa ds }kjk nsoh&
nsorkvksa dk vkºoku djds euk;k tkrk gSA T;knkrj xhr
egkHkkjr ds fofHkUu ?kVuk Øe ls lacaf/kr gksrs gaS] blds vykok
yksd dFkkvksa ls tqM+s xhr Hkh xk, tkrs gaSA bl u`R; dks ik.Mo
u`R; Hkh dgk tkrk gSA blds vfrfjDr mÙkjk[k.M esa FkfM+;k]
pkSaQqyk] Nksfy;k] >qeSyks] rkanh] >ksM+k] Nisyh vkSj pk¡pjh vkfn
dkQh izpfyr gSaA
dqekš esa 'kqHk voljksa ij cukbZ tkus okyh fp=dyk
¼jaxksyh½ dks ,si.k ds :i esa tkuk tkrk gSA ,si.k dbZ rjg ds
fMtkbuksa ls iw.kZ gksrk gSA ,si.k ds eq[; fMtkbu&pkS[kkus] pkSiM+]
pk¡n] lwjt] LofLrd] x.ks'k] Qwy&iÙkh] claR/kkjs rFkk bLrseky ds
crZu dk :ikadu vkfn 'kkfey gSaA ,si.k ds dqN fMtkbu voljksa
ds vuqlkj Hkh gksrs gSaA
mÙkjk[k.M jkT; i;ZVu dh n`f’V ls Hkh cgqr le`) gSA ;g
jkT; viuh izkd`frd lqanjrk] rhFkZLFky vkSj i;ZVd LFkyksa ds
fy, tkuk tkrk gSA ifo=re ufn;ksa xaxk vkSj ;equk ds mn~xe
LFky xaxks=h vkSj ;equks=h blh jkT; esa gSaA
rhFkZ;k=k@i;ZVu ds çeq[k LFkku xaxks=h]
;equks=h] cæhukFk] dsnkjukFk] gfj}kj] _f"kds'k]
gsedqaM lkfgc] ukudeÙkk] vkfn gSaA dSyk'k
ekuljksoj dh ;k=k mÙkjk[k.M ds dqekÅ¡ ls gh
“kq: gksrh gSA Qwyksa dh fo'o çfl) ?kkVh] fiaMkjh
Xysf'k;j] :i dqaM] n;kjk cX;ky] vkSyh] elwjh]
nsgjknwu] pdjkrk] uSuhrky] jkuh[ksr] ckxs'oj]
Hkherky] dkSlkuh vkSj ykalMkmu bR;kfn igkM+h
LVs'ku ,oa i;ZVd LFky gaSaA

8. :
laidZ% Òk"kk] lkfgR; ,oa laLÑfr çd¨"B] bQdks lnu] lh&1] fMfLVªDV lsaVj] lkdsr Iysl] ubZ fnYyh & 110 017
nwjHkk’k% 011&42592791] 42592792 bZ&esy% nalinvikas@iffco.in, mkcohindi@iffco.in, bhasha@iffco.in, sahitya@iffco.in
eq>dks ;kn fd;k tk,xk
vk¡lw tc lEekfur gksaxs eq>dks ;kn fd;k tk,xk
tgk¡ çse dk ppkZ gksxk esjk uke fy;k tk,xkA
eku&i= eSa ugha fy[k ldk
jktHkou ds lEekuksa dk
eSa rks vkf'kd jgk tue ls
lqanjrk ds nhokuksa dk
ysfdu Fkk ekywe ugha ;s
dsoy bl xyrh ds dkj.k
lkjh mez HkVdus okyk] eq>dks 'kki fn;k tk,xkA
f[kyus dks rS;kj ugha Fkha
rqylh Hkh ftuds vk¡xu esa
eSaus Hkj&Hkj fn, flrkjs
muds eVeSys nkeu esa
ihM+k ds lax jkl jpk;k
vk¡[k Hkjh rks >weds xk;k
tSls eSa th fy;k fdlh ls D;k bl rjg ft;k tk,xk
dkO; eksrh % J)katfy% xksiky nkl uhjt
tUe % 4 tuojh] 1925
e`R;q % 19 tqykbZ] 2018
dkty vkSj dVk{kksa ij rks
jh> jgh Fkh nqfu;k lkjh
eSaus fdarq cjlus okyh
vk¡[kksa dh vkjrh mrkjh
jax mM+ x, lc lrjaxh
rkj&rkj gj lk¡l gks xbZ
QVk gqvk ;g dqrkZ vc rks T;knk ugha fl;k tk,xk
tc Hkh dksbZ liuk VwVk
esjh vk¡[k ogk¡ cjlh gS
rM+ik gw¡ eSa tc Hkh dksbZ
eNyh ikuh dks rjlh gS]
xhr nnZ dk igyk csVk
nq[k gS mldk [ksy f[kykSuk
dfork rc ehjk gksxh tc g¡ldj tgj fi;k tk,xkA
gjsyk yksdioZ
mÙkjk[kaM esa euk, tkus okys yksd&R;ksgkjksa esa ,d çeq[k R;ksgkj gS gjsykA ;g yksdioZ gj lky
^ddZ laØkafr* dks euk;k tkrk gSA vaxzsth rkjh[k ds vuqlkj] ;g R;ksgkj gj o"kZ lksyg tqykbZ dks gksrk gSA
fgUnw iapkax ds vuqlkj] tc lw;Z feFkqu jkf'k ls ddZ jkf'k esa ços'k djrk gS] rks mls ddZ laØkafr dgrs gSaA
frfFk&{k; ;k frfFk&o`f) ds dkj.k gh ;g ioZ ,d fnu vkxs&ihNs gks tkrk gSA
bl ioZ ds fy, vkB&nl fnu igys ?kjksa esa iwtk LFkku ij fdlh txg ;k NksVh Mfy;ksa esa feêh
fcNk dj lkr çdkj ds cht tSls& xsgw¡] tkS] ew¡x] mM+n] Hkqêk] xgr] ljlksa vkfn cksrs gSa vkSj ukS fnuksa rd
mlesa ty vkfn Mkyrs gSaA gj fnu budh xqM+kbZ vkSj gjsys ds fnu bldh dVkbZ dh tkrh gSA ;g dk;Z ?kj
ds cM+s cqtqxZ ;k iafMr djrs gSaA bl ioZ ds nkSjku dbZ rjg ds idoku curs gSaA
lHkh lkr çdkj ds chtksa ls vadqfjr gjs&ihys jax ds frudksa dks nsorkvksa dks vfiZr djus ds ckn ?kj
ds lHkh yksxksa ds lj ij ;k dku ds Åij j[kk tkrk gSA ?kj ds njoktksa ds nksuksa vksj ;k Åij Hkh xkscj ls
bu frudksa dks ltk;k tkrk gSA bl yksd& R;ksgkj vkSj ijEijk dk laca/k moZjrk] [kq'kgkyh] uo&thou vkSj
fodkl ls tqM+k gSA dq¡okjh csfV;ka cM+s yksxkas dks fiBîk ¼jksyh½ v{kr ls Vhdk djrh gSa vkSj HksaVLo#i dqN
#i, ikrh gSaA cM+s yksx vius ls NksVs yksxksa dks bl çdkj vk'khokZn nsrs gSaA bl ekSds ij nh?kkZ;q] cqf)eku
vkSj 'kfäeku gksus dk vk'khokZn vkSj 'kqHkdkeuk ls vksrçksr yksdxhr xk;k tkrk gS%
Þth j;k tkfx j;k vkdk'k tl mPp]
/kjrh tl pkdo gS t;k L;koS d tl cqf)]
lwjt tl rjk.k gS tkS fly filh Hkkr [kk;k]
tk¡fB Vsfd HkSj t;k nwc tl QSfy t;k---ß
bl xhr dk vFkZ gS% ^^thrs jgks tkx`r jgksA vkdk'k tSlh Å¡pkbZ] /kjrh tSlk foLrkj] fl;kj dh lh
cqf)] lw;Z tSlh 'kfä çkIr djksA vk;q bruh nh?kZ gks fd pkoy Hkh fly esa ihl ds [kk,a vkSj ckgj tkus dks
ykBh dk lgkjk yks] nwc dh rjg QSyksA^^