BreiterCV_NUMGH_051116

CURRICULUM VITAE
Part 1: General Information
Date Prepared: May 11, 2016
Name: Hans C. Breiter
Office Addresses: (1) Warren Wright Adolescent Center
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
710 N. Lake Shore Drive
Abbott 1302
Chicago, IL 60611
(2) Laboratory of Neuroimaging and Genetics
MGH Division of Psychiatric Neuroscience
120 2nd Avenue
Charlestown, MA 02129-2060
Work E-Mail: h-breiter@northwestern.edu Tel: (312) 503-4657 Fax: (312) 503-0527
hbreiter@mgh.harvard.edu (617) 726-5715 (617) 726-1351
Place of Birth: Schenectady, New York
Education:
1983 B.Sc. Honors Program in Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
Medical Education
1982-83 Honors Program in St. Andrews University, Scotland
Logic & Metaphysics
(Mentor: Crispin
Wright)
1988 M.D. Northwestern University Medical
School, Chicago, IL
Postdoctoral Training:
Internship and Residencies:
07/88-06/89 Intern in Internal Medicine Medicine Salem Hospital (now
Northshore Medical Center),
Salem, MA
07/89-06/92 Resident in Psychiatry Psychiatry Massachusetts General
(Training Supervisor: Hospital (MGH), Boston,
Jerry Rosenbaum) MA
07/89-06/93 Clinical Fellow in Psychiatry Psychiatry Harvard Medical School,
Boston, MA

Hans C. Breiter, M.D. 2
Research Fellowships:
07/87-06/88 Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Pharmaco- Northwestern University
Association Foundation Research kinetics and Medical School, Chicago, IL
Fellowship (Mentor: Art Dynamic
Atkinson) Modeling
07/91-06/92 MGH Psychiatric Neuroscience CNS MGH, Boston, MA
Fellowship Program (Mentor: Anatomy &
Verne Caviness, Jr.) Morphometry
07/92-06/94 National Institutes of Health Functional MGH, Boston, MA
Postdoctoral Fellowship in Nuclear Imaging and
Magnetic Resonance Research Development
(Mentors: Bruce Rosen, Ken of fMRI
Kwong, Jack Belliveau) Analysis
07/92-06/93 Ethel Dupont-Warren Research Application MGH, Boston, MA
Fellow (Harvard University) Experimental
(Mentors: Larry Seidman & Psychology &
Steve Kosslyn) fMRI to
Research of
Psychiatric
Illness
07/94-06/95 DANA Foundation Fellowship Addiction MGH, Boston, MA
in Neurobiology (Mentor: Neuro-
Steve Hyman) biology
Licensure and Certification:
06/88 National Medical Board Certification
06/91 Massachusetts Medical License
11/93 American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology Certification
11/11 Illinois Medical License
Academic Appointments:
07/89-06/93 Clinical Fellow in Psychiatry Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
07/93-06/99 Instructor in Psychiatry Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
07/99-08/10 Assistant Professor in Psychiatry Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
09/10-04/11 Associate Professor in Psychiatry Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
04/11- Professor in Psychiatry Northwestern University Feinberg School of
Medicine, Chicago, IL
04/12- Lecturer Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
09/12- Faculty Segal Design Center, Northwestern
University (NU), Chicago, IL

Hospital Appointments:
07/92-06/93 Clinical Fellow in Psychiatry MGH, Boston, MA
07/92- Research Fellow in Radiology MGH, Boston, MA
07/93-06/97 Clinical Assistant in Psychiatry MGH, Boston, MA
07/03-06/05 Clinical Assistant in Psychiatry MGH, Boston, MA
07/05-04/11 Research Scientist in Psychiatry MGH, Boston, MA
04/11- Associate Psychiatrist MGH, Boston, MA
04/11- Psychiatrist Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Chicago, IL
Hospital and Health Care Organizational Clinical Responsibilities:
07/92-12/96 Staff Physician, OCD Clinic & MGH, Boston, MA
Research Unit
07/92-06/95 Visiting Clinician Medfield State Hospital, Medfield, MA
07/94-06/04 Research Psychiatrist, Program MGH, Boston, MA
Project (DA09467): Functional
Brain Mapping of Cocaine Action
10/03-07/05 Research Psychiatrist, The MGH, Boston, MA
Phenotype Genotype Project
in Addictions and Mood Disorders
04/11- Psychiatrist Northwestern Memorial Faculty Foundation,
Chicago, IL
Major Administrative Responsibilities:
1994-1997 Chairperson, MGH-NMR Center Department of Radiology, MGH
BrainMapping Meeting, Boston, MA
1995 Co-Founder The Hobbs Brook Corp., Boston, MA
1999-2002 Director, Motivation and Emotion Department of Radiology, MGH,
Neuroscience Center (MENC) Boston, MA
2002-2009 Director, Motivation and Emotion Athinoula A. Martinos Center for
Neuroscience Collaboration Biomedical Imaging, Department
(MENC) of Radiology, MGH, Boston, MA
Boston, MA
2002 Co-Founder Descartes Therapeutics, Inc., Boston, MA
2003 Chairperson, MGH-NMR Center Department of Radiology, MGH
7T Working Group Boston, MA
2003- Director, The Phenotype Departments of Psychiatry, Radiology,
Genotype Project in Addiction & the Center for Human Genetic
and Mood Disorders (PGP) Research, MGH, Boston, MA
Shifted to: Department of Psychiatry
And Behavioral Science, Northwestern
University Feinberg School of Medicine
Chicago, IL (http://pgp.mgh.harvard.edu)
2008-2012 Deputy Director, The MGH Departments of Radiology & Anesthesia,
Translational Center Investigating MGH, Boston, MA
Prescription Drug Abuse (MIDA)

2009-2011 Associate Director, Mood and Department of Psychiatry, MGH, Boston,
Movement Laboratory (MAML) MA
2009- Director, Laboratory for Department of Psychiatry, MGH, Boston,
Neuroimaging and Genetics (LNG) MA
2015- Founder and Chairman Toggle Solutions, Inc., Lexington, MA &
Chicago, IL (www.toggle.net)
2011- Director, Warren Wright Stone Institute of Psychiatry, Northwestern
Adolescent Center University Feinberg School of Medicine,
Chicago, IL
2011- Co-Director, Applied Medill School Integrated Marketing &
Neuromarketing Consortium Communications, Kellogg School of
Business, Feinberg School of Medicine,
Northwestern University, Evanston &
Chicago IL
2014- Co-Director, Concussion Collaboration between (alphabetical):
Neuroimaging Consortium Michigan State U, Northwestern U,
Ohio State U, Penn State, Purdue,
U Central Florida, U Chicago, U Nebraska
(http://www.concussionimaging.org/)
Major Committee Assignments:
1990-1991 Resident Representative, Research Department of Psychiatry,
Committee MGH, Boston, MA
1990-1991 Resident Representative, Steering Department of Psychiatry,
Committee MGH, Boston, MA
1990-1991 Co-Chairman, Psychiatric Department of Psychiatry,
Residents' Association MGH, Boston, MA
1994-1997 Chairperson, BrainMapping MGH-NMR Center, Department
Group Meeting of Radiology, MGH, Boston, MA
1994-2004 Massachusetts General Hospital MGH, Boston, MA
Committee on Research
1999-2003 Neuroscience Applications MGH High Field Substance Abuse Imaging
Committee Group, MGH-NMR Center, MGH, Boston,
MA
1999-2003 Engineering and Development MGH High Field Substance Abuse Imaging
Committee Group, MGH-NMR Center, MGH, Boston,
MA
1998-2000 Drugs and Addictions Working Harvard University Mind Brain Behavior
Group Interfaculty Initiative, Boston, MA
1999-2000 Faculty Fellow of the Steering Harvard University Mind Brain Behavior
Committee Interfaculty Initiative, Boston, MA
2001 Co-Organizing Chair: “New Office of National Drug Control
Technologies to Catalyze Policy – Counterdrug Technology
Breakthroughs in Addiction”, Assessment Center, Washington,
Meeting in San Diego, CA D.C.
2005-2010 NIAAA External Scientific National Institutes of Health,
Advisory Board Washington, D.C.

2007-2010 ECNS Council EEG & Clinical Neuroscience Society
2007-2011 Psychiatry Department Research MGH, Boston, MA
Committee
2011- Addiction Psychiatry Department of Psychiatry, Northwestern
University Feinberg School of Medicine,
Chicago, IL
2011- Departmental Steering Department of Psychiatry, Northwestern
Committee University Feinberg School of Medicine,
Chicago, IL
2012- Segal Design Institute, 2.0, McCormick School of Engineering,
Research Council Northwestern University, Evanston, IL
2015 NIDA Division of Clinical National Institute of Drug Abuse,
Neuroscience and Behavioral Bethesda, MD
Research (DCNBR) Review
Work Group
Professional Societies:
1992-1998 Member Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
1998-2001 Member New York Academy of Sciences
1999- Member Society of Neuroscience
1999-2004 Drug Addiction Task Force World Federation of Societies of Biological
Psychiatry
2003, 2011- Member Society for Neuroeconomics
Editorial Boards:
1994- Ad Hoc Reveiwer Neuron
2000- Ad Hoc Reviewer Nature
2000- Ad Hoc Reviewer Science
2000- Ad Hoc Reviewer J. Neuroscience
2000- Ad Hoc Reviewer Biological Psychiatry
2000- Ad Hoc Reviewer Archives of General Psychiatry
2006- Ad Hoc Reviewer NeuroImage
2007- Ad Hoc Reviewer Psychological Science
2009- Ad Hoc Reviewer Neuroscience
2009- Ad Hoc Reviewer PLoS Biology
Awards and Honors:
1992 Dista Fellowship Award Society of Biological Psychiatry
1992 Livingston Fund Award Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
1992 Dupont-Warren Fellowship Award Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
1992 Stanley Cobb Award Boston Society of Neurology and
Psychiatry
1992 Thomas P. Hackett Award Department of Psychiatry, MGH
Boston, MA

1993 Stanley Cobb Award Boston Society of Neurology and
Psychiatry
1993 Neal Alan Mysell Award Consolidated Department of Psychiatry,
Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
1995 Scientist Development Award National Institutes of Health, National
(K21) Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, MD
(Mentors: Steve Hyman, Bruce
Rosen, Peter Shizgal, Danny
Kahneman)
1996 Gerald F. Klerman Award National Association of Research in
Schizophrenia and Depression (Award for
the development of fMRI for study of
psychiatric illness)
2002 Neuroscience at Storrs Lecture University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT
Part II: Research, Teaching, and Clinical Contributions
A. Narrative Report
Research Activities
I am a psychiatrist and neuroscientist who: (a) runs a set of research programs, (b)
teaches technicians, students, fellows and faculty, and (c) serves as a leader for a number of
national and international collaborations. My initial training before medical school involved 6
years of college-level work in mathematics and mathematical logic [three years of independent
study at local colleges (e.g., Union College) while a student at Niskayuna High School, then
three years at Northwestern University and St. Andrews University]. After medical school I
subsequently completed five research fellowships to develop the interdisciplinary expertise
needed for studying reward/aversion, its use for intentional behavior, and development of
translational medicine applications directed at it. During this time, I had considerable mentoring
in experimental psychology from four internationally known scientists (Kosslyn, Seidman,
Shizgal, Kahneman), and published with each of them. I also received mentored training in brain
morphometry (Caviness), functional MRI (Rosen, Kwong, Belliveau), clinical pharmacokinetics
and dynamics (Atkinson) and addiction neurobiology (Hyman). My scientist development award
(K23, 1995-2000) provided the experience needed to integrate this training, and subsequently
build and manage large translational research efforts. This work has focused on (i) identification
of law-like processes underlying reward/aversion processing and their integration with other
constructs in mathematical psychology, (ii) mapping of these mathematical constructs in
behavior to brain function and structure, and then identifying how alterations in behavior and
brain measures relate to psychiatric symptoms/signs (i.e., identifying objective markers of
functional brain illness), and (iii) extension of work in (i) and (ii) to neuroeconomics and
neuromarketing to develop quantitative metrics of ‘influence’ that can have a broader impact,
such as on medicine (in relation to ‘mechanisms of behavior change’) or other disciplines (e.g.,
education, design, and marketing communications).
The initial foci of my research were (a) to guide the team that first built an analysis
pipeline for functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) between 1992-1994, and to apply
this analysis to the imaging of psychiatric symptoms and psychological functions and (b) to
develop expertise with quantitative brain morphometry using MRI and apply this to psychiatric

illness (1991-1996). This work led to the first publications of fMRI with psychiatric illness
(OCD and cocaine addiction) and morphometric MRI in psychiatry (OCD) (please see Report of
Clinical Activities, p. 29). I was awarded the Klerman Award in 1996 by the National
Association of Research in Schizophrenia and Depression (NARSAD) for this research in fMRI
and morphometry. Work published in Neuron in 1997 further localized human reward circuitry,
and was one of the first publications in the field of reward neuroimaging. Work performed with
Danny Kahneman and Peter Shizgal between 1997-2001 demonstrated that aspects of
Kahneman’s prospect theory accurately modeled human reward/aversion processing. This work
was one of the first imaging studies in the developing field of neuroeconomics, and Kahneman
subsequently won the Nobel Prize in Economics in 2002 for conceiving prospect theory.
Concurrent work I conducted at that time indicated that a common circuitry processed reward
and aversion stimuli, consistent with Spinoza’s thesis of a continuum between pain and pleasure.
Other work tied aesthetic processes to reward/aversion systems, and showed that the same brain
circuitry processed drugs, money, and social stimuli. Through an interdisciplinary, translational
research collaboration, the Phenotype Genotype Project in Addiction and Mood Disorders
(PGP), my colleagues and I produced an association between neuroeconomic measures of
preference and genes implicated in depression and addiction in 2008/9, and developed a
mathematical model of reward/aversion function that synthesizes Kahneman’s prospect theory
with three other reward/aversion theories. This work, called Relative Preference Theory (RPT),
connects preference behavior with brain reward circuitry and genes modulating these circuits.
RPT appears to describe the first new law-like patterns in behavior reported in a number of
decades. Since publishing the initial RPT manuscript (Kim et al., 2010), we have expanded this
work to mathematically connect reward/aversion with quantitative metrics of attention and
memory. Some of this work involved the late Dale Mortensen, a Nobel Laureate in economics
(2010) who facilitated interpretation of behavioral and modeling work connecting
reward/aversion and attention. Given these results, I have developed an engineering-based
behavioral science (EBS) project at Northwestern, which involves investigators from the
Northwestern Applied Neuromarketing Consortium (ANC) and Warren Wright Adolescent
Center (WWAC) with multiple outside collaborators who have an array of skills in mathematics,
modeling, marketing communications, computer science, and experimental psychology. The
EBS project seeks to integrate multiple mathematical constructs in psychology through
information theory (Shannon & Weaver, 1949), and is attempting to produce over time, a wall
chart of human psychological functions that has analogies to existing wall charts in biochemistry
and molecular biology. Producing an integrated mathematical model of psychology that has the
potential for mechanistic interpretation, will also be important in connection to similar
integration efforts at other spatiotemporal scales, such as the Brain Architecture Project and
Human Connectome Project (see Report of Clinical Activities). Such EBS efforts also have
importance for understanding ‘influence’, which is at the core of mechanisms of behavior change
in medicine and psychology. Together with ANC and WWAC collaborators, we have been able
to mathematically characterize ‘influence’, and are working to connect this to neuroimaging of
health and disease. Long-term, this type of principled approach to behavior and neurobiology is
necessary if we are going to make advances in psychiatric neuroscience, and other fields such as
neuroeconomics and neuromarketing.
Altogether, this work has resulted in a set of publications with high citation indices
(>10,000). This work has been supported from multiple grants from NIH and the DoD (i.e.,
K21DA00265, PO1DA09467, RO1DA13650, RO1DA012581, RO1DA14118, DABK39-03-
0098, DABK39-03-C-0098, U13AA017798-01, P20DA026002, R21/R33DA026104,
RO1DA027804).

Teaching Activities
My teaching activities have focused on instruction of (i) reward psychology, (ii)
experimental design, (iii) neuroanatomy, and (iv) MRI analysis techniques to graduate students,
psychiatry residents, post-doctoral fellows, research assistants, and collaborating scientists
involved with the PGP, as well as my lab and collaborative efforts. Whereas teaching research
assistants involves a general, broad coverage of these four topics (i – iv), the teaching of
collaborating scientists and post-docs is focused on the specific domains of their interest. In
“Functional Neuroimaging and Experimental Psychology Procedures” I train research staff (N=5
now, but many dozens from the 80 personnel involved with the PGP between 2003-2009); at that
time, this effort involved a minimum of 104 hours per year, exclusive of preparatory time. I
make regular presentations for four standing courses at this moment, including the MGH Clinical
Functional MRI Conference. In addition, I give seminars and academic presentations locally,
nationally, and internationally at scientific congresses, and other high-profile research facilities.
As a group leader, I organize scientific presentations in the lab at a weekly and monthly basis. I
have been a mentor for approximately 20 research assistants, who then went on to graduate
studies in experimental psychology, neuroscience, clinical psychology, or artificial intelligence
at first tier institutions. In addition, I have mentored several pre-docs and post-docs that went on
to develop successful academic careers. I have also mentored a large number of junior faculty at
the Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging and the Department of Psychiatry at MGH, and the
Department of Psychiatry and Behavior Science at Northwestern University on a regular basis
during the last twenty years. Recently, I took on responsibility for developing and organizing the
cognitive psychology course at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, for
clinical psychology graduate students, psychiatry residents, and neuroscience graduate students.
This course, covers a broad range of cognitive psychology topics, and seeks to merge
psychological constructs with mathematics, neuroimaging, and landmark experiments. It is
divided into 30 lectures, with weekly supplemental readings.
Administrative Activities
While finishing my research fellowships, I became a project leader in the Hyman/Rosen
Program Project in “Functional Brain Mapping of Cocaine Action”, and was the initial contact
for acquiring the 7T magnet at MGH from the Office of National Drug Control Policy. In 1999, I
started the Motivation and Emotion Neuroscience Collaboration (MENC) to facilitate psychiatric
and radiological collaborations. This work expanded, and in 2003, I became Principal
Investigator of the MGH Phenotype Genotype Project on Addiction and Mood Disorder (PGP),
an interdisciplinary multi-center project involving more than 80 investigators to integrate
information from experimental psychology, multi-modal neuroimaging, and genetics
(http://pgp.mgh.harvard.edu). This translational research led to my being a founding member of
The Brain Architecture Project in 2006, directed by Partha Mitra from Cold Spring Harbor
Laboratories, and involving Larry Swanson at USC and John Doyle at Caltech. The primary
publication from this effort involved James Watson (Nobel Medicine, 1962), who was one of
many instigators for the Human Connectome Project. The PGP also led to me co-directing the
MGH Translational Center Investigating Prescription Drug Abuse (MIDA) in 2008, with Jianren
Mao. I have developed collaborations with investigators at Columbia University and Rutgers
University in the area of ‘mechanisms of behavior change’, and with investigators at the Charité-
Universitätsmedizin Berlin, with whom a number of imaging genetics papers have been
published. Recently, I took on responsibility for scientific direction of the Warren Wright
Adolescent Center at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine. These efforts at
Northwestern are going forward while maintaining the lab at MGH to complete the research
projects that were started there. Since the beginning of November, 2011, I have also organized a

neuromarketing/neuroeconomics group at Northwestern University (NU). I co-direct this group
with Frank Mulhern (Assoc. Dean for Research at the Medill School and Director of the
Integrated Marketing and Communications Program, NU) and Bobby Calder (Professor of
Marketing, Kellogg School of Management, NU). Called the Applied Neuromarketing
Consortium (ANC), it has more than 30 members, including colleagues at University of
Michigan, Wayne State University, MGH/Harvard University, and multiple universities
overseas. A salient number of ANC members were involved with the three short papers
presented at the 2012 NeuroPsychoEconomics meeting, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The
Netherlands (https://sites.google.com/site/neuromarketingmidwest/). The group has subsequently
produced multiple publications, and has a number of active research projects; it just received
seed funding to become a university research center, for development into something akin to the
MIT Media Lab.
B. Funding Information
Past:
1992-1994 NARSAD/ H. Breiter (PI) Functional and morphometric
Young Investigator $60,000 MRI of OCD
Award
1994-1996 Stanley Foundation Larry Seidman (PI) FMRI of Sustained Attention
$150,000 in First-Degree Relatives of
Schizophrenics and Controls.
H. Breiter is Co-PI.
1995-1997 NARSAD/ H. Breiter (PI) FMRI of Emotional Circuitry
The Marcia Simon $60,000 in Depression and Post-
Young Investigator Stimulant Dysphoria
Award
1995-2000 NIH/NIDA/ H. Breiter (PI) FMRI Studies of Brain
Scientist $684,360 (Direct Costs) Reward and Emotion:
Development K21DA00265
Award Mentors: Hyman, Kosslyn,
Rosen, Shizgal, Kahneman
1997-1999 Scottish Rite H. Breiter (PI) Emotional Processing in
$60,000 Research Program
Negative vs Positive
Symptom Schizophrenia
1997-2000 NIH/NIDA Bruce Rosen (PI) HIV Risk Behavior in
$259,229 (Direct Costs) Women and Men:
` 5PO1DA09467Supplement.

1998-2000 NIH/NIDA David Borsook (PI) Gender Roles in CNS
$200,000 (Direct Costs) Activation (FMRI) by Pain
and Opioids: RO1DA13650.
1999-2001 NCRG H. Breiter (PI) Functional MRI of Neural
$150,000 Responses to Monetary
Gains, Losses, and Prospects
in Pathological Gamblers and
Normal Subjects
2001-2002 NIH/NIDA David Borsook (PI) CNS Reward/Aversion
$525,000 (Direct Costs) Circuitry Activated by Pain
& Opioids: RO1DA012581.
1998-2003 ONDCP-CTAC Bruce Rosen (PI) Joint Proposal between
$6,035,954 (Direct Costs) ONDCP and MGH NMR
Center for a 7T MRI System
for Functional Studies of
Substance Abuse.
1994-2004 NIH/NIDA Bruce Rosen (PI) Functional Brain Mapping of
$1,470,500 (Direct Costs) Cocaine Action:
PO1DA09467
H. Breiter is PI Project 1.
2006 MIND Institute Bruce Rosen (PI) Functional Imaging.
H. Breiter is Co-Investigator.
2001-2006 NIH/NIDA H. Breiter (PI) Cocaine Addiction: Mapping
$1,750,000 (Direct Costs) Alterations in Reward
Circuitry: RO1DA14118.
2005-2007 Janssen Eden Evins (PI) Clinical and Brain Reward
$449,457 Circuitry Effects of Risperdal
Consta in Active Cocaine
Dependence: RIS-EMR-4021
2003-2008 ONDCP-CTAC / H. Breiter (PI) Validating High-Field
U.S. Army / NIDA $7,996,846 Functional and Structural
MRI for Circuitry-Based
Phenotyping to Drive
Genotyping of Heritable
Components Leading to

Cocaine Addiction and Mood
Disorders: DABK39-03-0098
2008-2009 ONDCP-CTAC / H. Breiter (PI) Development of Pattern
U.S. Army / NIDA $1,500,000 Variable Technologies for
Reward/Aversion Behavior
(Preference Dynamics) and
Neuroimaging, and Their Use
for Emotional Fingerprinting
of Individuals:
DABK39-03-C-0098
2006-2009 Keck Foundation Partha Mitra (PI) The Brain Architecture
$1,500,000 Project.
2008-2010 NIH/NIAAA Jon Morgenstern (PI) Transdisciplinary
$30,000 (Direct Costs) Approaches to Mechanisms
of Behavior Change in
Alcohol: Facilitating
Research across Disciplines:
U13AA017798-01.
2010-2012 NIH/NIAAA Jon Morgenstern (PI) Mechanisms of Behavior
$30,000 (Sub-contract) Change in Alcohol
Addiction:
BAA NIAAA-09-07
H. Breiter is Consultant.
2008-2012/13 NIH/NIDA Jianren Mao (PI) Translational Research on
(no-cost extension) $4,007,219 (Direct Costs) Prescription Drug Abuse:
P20DA026002
H. Breiter is PI of Project 1,
& Deputy Director of the
Center.
2008-2013 NIH/NIDA Andre Van Der Kouwe (PI) Functional Spectroscopy with
$1,600,000 (Direct Costs) Real-Time Feedback for
Altering Preferences in
Addiction: R21/R33
DA026104
2009-2014 NIH/NIDA Hans Breiter (PI, 2009-13) Imaging of DLPFC and
$1,250,000 (Direct Costs) Amygdala Impact on
Anne Blood Contact PI Relative Preference in

(2013-14) Cocaine Addiction:
RO1DA027804-05
Current:
2015-2017 Northwestern U. Hans Breiter (PI) Building an Influence
$60,000 Institute at Northwestern
(After the MIT Media Lab)
Pending:
2016 NIH/NIDA Hans Breiter (PI) Low-to-high cannabis
$2,465,496 (Direct Costs) exposure among youth
differentially affects working
memory circuitry and
behavior
RO1DA040035-01
2016 NIH/NIMH Anne Blood (PI) Multimodal evidence for
$1,743,660 (Direct Costs) depression subtyping
RO1MH102299-01
H. Breiter is Co-PI
C. Report of Teaching:
1. Local Contributions
a. Courses for Medical/Dental/Graduate/Undergraduate Students
1987-1988 Teaching Assistant, Applied Clinical Pharmacology Course, Northwestern
University Medical School, Chicago, Il. Attendance by 10-15 medical students
and physicians, which required 10-15 hours/week effort over 3 months.
1989-1990 Lecturer, Medical Student Core Seminar Series in Pharmacology, Harvard
Medical School – Massachusetts General Hospital. Attendance by 1-5 students
per rotation, 4 rotations/year, 4 lectures/rotation.
1991-1997 Human Nervous Systems and Behavior Course, Harvard Medical School.
Tutor (year 1); Alternate Tutor (years 2-6); Examiner (years 1-6). Attendance
by 8 medical students in tutorial, over the span of 12 weeks/year as Tutor; and
5-10 hours/year as Alternate.
2007-2008 Lecturer, Mind Brain Behavior Interfaculty Initiative Course in Reward
Psychology, Harvard University, 20-30 students, 2 lectures per year.
2008-2011 Lecturer, “Visiting Plato’s cave: Imaging the neuroscience of the mind”, for
the “Neuroscience and Society” course run by Natasha Schull, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, 80-100 students, 1 lecture per year.
2011- Organizer and Primary Lecturer for the Cognitive Psychology Course at the
Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine. This course is
mandatory for graduate students in clinical psychology and residency trainees
in psychiatry. Some graduate students in the Northwestern University
Interdepartmental Neuroscience (NUIN) program also take this course for
credit. This course is managed with Jason Washburn, and includes 30 lectures
delivered weekly from September through June, covering a broad array of

experimental psychology and cognitive science issues. Each lecture covers
critical experiments, psychologists, mathematics, neurobiology, and the
potential clinical relevance of topics ranging from perception to
reward/aversion and language. A fundamental feature of this course is the
connection of mathematical variables across psychological sub-domains such
as attention, memory, reward/aversion processing and decision-making. The
process of making connections is framed in a neuroeconomics perspective.
2011- Lecturer in the Northwestern University Interdepartmental Neuroscience
(NUIN) Program, on emotion and behavioral finance as they relate to decision-
making. At this time, one two-hour lecture is given per year over the topic of
“Emotion Neuroscience”.
b. Graduate Medical Courses/Seminars/Invited Teaching Presentations
2002- Lecturer, Harvard Medical School Psychiatry Residents Seminar Series at
McLean Hospital. Approximately 50 attendees. 1 lecture, preparation time 5
hours
2002- Lecturer, Harvard Medical School Postdoctoral Training Symposia
Approximately 20 attendees. 1 lecture, preparation time 5 hours
2003, 2005 Lecturer, Cold Spring Harbor Course: “Cellular Biology of Addiction”
Approximately 40 attendees. 2 lectures and multiple discussions, preparation
time 2 days.
c. Local Invited Teaching Presentations
1992 "The application of structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging
to the study of obsessive compulsive disorder", Presentation for the 1992
Hackett Award, Harvard University Medical School, to MGH Department
of Psychiatry faculty May 21, 1992.
1992 "Functional MRI and Neuropsychiatric Disorders", Massachusetts Mental
Health Center, Boston, MA. October 14, 1992.
1994 "Neuroimaging of obsessive compulsive disorder", Presentation for the
McLean Psychopharmacology Lunch Series, Belmont, MA. April 4, 1994.
1997 “FMRI of cocaine-induced changes in brain activity”, Presentation at the
MGH Psychosomatic Conference as the Discussant, Boston, MA.
December 14, 1997.
1998 “FMRI of brain activation associated with cocaine-induced euphoria and
craving”, Presentation for Harvard University Course: Psychology 987,
“Multidisciplinary approaches to drug policy”, directed by William
Brownsberger, Assistant Attorney General, MA. February 9, 1998.
1998 “Drug abuse imaging”, Presentation to the Annual Retreat of the Mind,
Brain, Behavior Interfaculty Initiative, Harvard University, Boston, MA;
chaired by Joseph Coyle, MD. June 5, 1998.
1998 “Human studies in addiction research”, Presentation to the National Youth
Leadership Forum, at MGH-East Research Center, Boston, MA in
conjunction with the Harvard Medical School Division on Addictions.
June 25, 1998.
1999 “Addiction & the Circuitry of Brain Reward”, Presentation at the Third
Annual Mind, Brain, & Behavior Undergraduate Conference, Harvard
University Medical School, Boston, MA. March 13, 1999.

1999 “Human Motivation, Cocaine Craving, and Brain Circuitry Involved with
their Function”, Presentation at the Kennedy School of Government,
Harvard University for “Merging Perspectives on Drugs & Crime: A
Cross-Agency Approach”, Boston, MA. June 23, 1999.
2000 “Overview of the Neurobiology of Addiction”, Presentation at the
Kennedy School of Government Policy Course on Addiction, Boston,
MA. July 18, 2000.
2002 “Implications of high resolution brain imaging on understanding human
motivation and substance abuse”, Presentation regarding the clinical and
research applications of high field imaging for the Dedication of the 7T
Imaging Facility at MGH, Boston, MA. April 26, 2002.
2003 “A generalized circuitry of reward/aversion in the human, and its potential
implications for neuropsychiatry”, Presentation at the MGH
BrainMapping Seminar Series, MGH-NMR Center and Martinos Center
for Biomedical Imaging, Boston, MA. June 4, 2003.
2003 “Bottom-up and top-down integrative neuroscience: linking systems
function to gene function”, Presentation at the Athinoula Martinos Center
for Functional and Structural Biomedical Imaging retreat, Ipswich, MA.
October 15, 2003.
2003 “Bottom-up and top-down integrative neuroscience: linking systems
function to gene function”, Presentation to the technology licensing and
transfer staff of the MGH Technology Affairs Office, Boston, MA.
December 3, 2003.
2004 “Addiction neurobiology: Moving across-scale from reward circuitry to
genetics”, Presentation at the HMS Addiction Seminar, Boston, MA.
December 10, 2004.
2005 “Innovative Computing in Analysis of Addiction and Mood Disorders”,
Presentation to the CIMIT Forum, MGH, Boston, MA. March 15, 2005.
2006 “Reward Systems: Biology to Psychiatry. Understanding Altered Reward
Function Across Scale”, Presentation to the MGH Psychiatric
Neuroimaging Series, MGH, Boston, MA. March 27, 2006.
2006 “Reward/Aversion Systems and Their Dysfunction in Depression and
Addiction”, Presentation to MGH Department of Psychiatry Grand
Rounds, MGH, Boston, MA. May 12, 2006.
2009 “Laws of human preference and implications for free will”. Presentation to
the Psychiatric Genetics and Translational Research Seminar, MGH,
Boston, MA.
2011 “Imaging the Reward/Aversion System in Addiction”. Presentation at the
Addiction Psychiatry Seminar, Northwestern University Feinberg School
of Medicine, Chicago, IL. May 20, 2011.
2011 “Preference-based decision-making: It’s laws, biological plausibility, and
philosophical implications”. Presentation to Department of Psychiatry and
Behavioral Sciences Grand Rounds, Northwestern University Feinberg
School of Medicine, Chicago, IL. November 16, 2011.
2012 “Preference-based decision-making: the old, the new, and implications for
free will”. Invited presentation for annual Warren Wright Lecture at
Children’s Hospital, Chicago, IL. January 20, 2012.

2012 “Preference-based decision-making: the old, the new, and implications”.
Invited presentation at Northwestern Kellogg School of Management,
Evanston, IL, February 1, 2012.
2012 “Engineering the regulation of reward and integrating it with other
constructs for the study of behavior”. Invited IPHAM presentation for the
Center for Behavior and Health, October 24, 2012.
d. Continuing Medical Education Courses
1999-2005 Lecturer, Cambridge Hospital Continuing Education Addictions Course,
Boston, MA. Approximately 200 attendees. 1 lecture, preparation time 5
hours.
2000-2010 Lecturer, MGH Clinical Functional MRI Conference, Boston, MA.
Approximately 60 attendees. 1 lecture, preparation time 5 hours
e. Advisory and Supervisory Responsibilities in Clinical or Laboratory Setting
2002-2011 “Functional Neuroimaging and Experimental Psychology Procedures”.
At minimum, this includes teaching 2 technicians, 2 analysts and one engineer a
total of 104 hours per year. Each of these hours requires another hour of
preparation. From 2003-2009 (for the ONDCP-CTAC project), this effort
involved supervision and integration of procedures across 80 staff and co-
investigators; this activity involved approximately 4-6 hours per week, or 208 –
312 hours per year.
f. Advisees/Trainees
Undergraduate Honors Theses
Atul Mallik, Cum Honors Thesis, 1998, Harvard University
Elizabeth Huffman, High Honors, 1999, Middlebury College
Neil Rosenberg, Summa Cum Laude Honors Thesis, 2000,
Harvard University
Ph.D. Students
Monica Strauss, Ph.D., Boston University, 1996-2003
Amanda Cook, Ph.D. Candidate, Northwestern University Clinical
Psychology Program
Tatiana Karpouzian, Ph.D. Candidate, Northwestern University Clinical
Psychology Program
Virginia Terwilliger, Ph.D. Candidate, Northwestern University Clinical
Psychology Program

M.D and Ph.D. Postdoctoral Fellows
Itzhak Aharon, PhD, NMR Fellowship, MGH/HMS, 1999 - 2001
Chris Chabris, PhD, BrainMapping Fellowship, MGH/HMS, 1999 – 2000
Igor Elman, MD, Addiction Imaging Fellowship, MGH/HMS, 2009-10
Oliver Hinds, PhD, Real-time Imaging Fellowship, MGH/HMS, 2009-10
Jodi Gilman, PhD, Real-time Imaging Fellowship, MGH/HMS, 2010-12
Paul Wighton, PhD, Real-time Imaging Fellowship, MGH/HMS, 2011-13
Jeff Waugh, MD, PhD, Mood and Motor Control Fellowship, MGH/HMS,
2012-14
Sherri Livengood, PhD, Warren Wright Adolescent Center Fellowship,
Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, 2014-
2. Regional Contributions
1988 "Use of D-xylose in the Evaluation of Malabsorption", for
Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Department of Medicine
Grand Rounds, Chicago, Illinois. April, 1988.
1992 "Pronounced white matter abnormalitites in patients with
obsessive-compulsive disorder", Paper presentation at the
meeting of the Boston Society of Neurology and Psychiatry
for the 1992 Stanley Cobb Award. April, 1992.
1993 "Functional magnetic resonance imaging in mental illness",
Presentation for the Massachusetts Neuropsychological
Society. March 2, 1993.
1993 "A study of symptom provocation in patients with OCD
versus controls using functional magnetic resonance
imaging", Paper presentation at the meeting of the Boston
Society of Neurology and Psychiatry for the 1993 Stanley
Cobb Award. March 25, 1993.
2001 “Neural Systems of Motivation: Implications for the Future of
Computation”, Presentation at the Forrester Consulting Group,
Boston, MA; chaired by J. Colony, CEO Forrester Group. April 9,
2001.

2002 “Human Phenotype-Genotype Project in Addiction and Mood
Disorder”, Presentation at the 2002 Office of National Drug
Control Policy Demand Reduction Technology Symposium,
Boston, MA. July 9, 2002.
2003 “Mapping the circuitry of human reward with drug and non-drug
stimuli, and its potential neuropsychiatric implications”,
Presentation at Northeastern University Neuroscience Seminar
Series, Boston, MA. April 15, 2003.
2003 “A generalized circuitry processing rewarding and aversive
stimuli: implications for neuropsychiatry and drug development”,
Presentation at Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Boston, MA. June 4, 2003.
2007 “Addiction Neurobiology”, Presentation to Massachusetts State
Legislature, Boston, MA. October 31, 2007.
2008 “The future of neuroimaging”, Presentation at the Athinoula
Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging retreat, Boston, MA.
September 16, 2008.
2009 “Developing objective measures for propensity to engage in
violent behavior” Presentation for the Terrorism Seminar Series,
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, MA. April 15,
2009.
2009 “Addiction Neurobiology and its Relevance to Gambling”,
Presentation to Massachusetts State Legislature, Boston, MA. June
29, 2009.
2009 “Implications of Cocaine and Gambling Neuroscience”,
Presentation to Massachusetts State Legislature, Boston, MA.
October 29, 2009.
2010 “The basis for approach and avoidance behavior”, Presentation at
the Mind Brain Behavior Initiative, Chalk Talk Series, Harvard
University, Boston, MA. March 26, 2010.
2010 “The slippery slope between health and pathology: Issues
regarding gambling”, Presentation to Massachusetts State
Legislature, Boston, MA. June 8, 2010.
2011 “Preference-based decision-making: It’s laws and implications for
addiction research & psychiatry”, Keynote presentation at the
Research Conference, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral
Neuroscience, University of Chicago, IL. October 20, 2011.

2011 “Preference-based decision-making: It’s laws, biological
plausibility, and implications for free will”, Presentation at the
Decision Research Retreat, University of Chicago, IL. October 27,
2011.
2012 “Rethinking psychology by applying engineering to the study of
reward/aversion” Presentation at the Segal Design Institute
Seminar Series, McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern
University, Chicago, Il. May 22, 2012.
2012 “Findings in Neuroimaging & Neuroscience: How They Influcence
Our Understanding of Depression and Addiction” Presentation for
Grand Rounds at Lutheran General Hosptial, Chicago, Il. June 13,
2012.
2012 “Reward/aversion processing during decision-making: A new
framework & its biological implications”. Presentation at Boston
University School of Medicine per invitation of the BU Provost,
Boston, MA. June 29, 2012.
2012 “Where has psychology gone since Freud? Some exploration of
developments in cognitive neuroscience and mathematical
psychology”. Presentation at the John Dewey Academy, Great
Barrington, MA, November 24, 2012.
2013 “Neuroeconomics and Neuromarketing: The Intersection of
Markets, Policy, and Neuroscience”, Domain Dinner Presentation
at Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, January 17, 2013.
2013 Music and the Brain presentation on March 13, 2013 “Music and
the Brain: Understanding it in terms of reward and other
processes”, Chicago, IL.
2014 Chicago Society for Neuroscience Plenary Symposium on April 4,
2014 “Developing a Quantiative Model of the Mind and its
Implications for Neuroscience”, Chicago, IL.
2015 “Developing a rigorous science of influence, from mathematical
behavior to circuits”, Presentation for Wrigley-Northwestern Mini-
Symposium on Decision-making Neuroscience, Northwestern
University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL. March 10,
2015.
2015 “Moving toward a quantitative model of emotion, and its relevance
for psychology/psychiatry”, Presentation at Psychiatry Grand
Rounds for the University of Illinois, Chicago (UIC), Chicago, IL.
October 28, 2015.

2015 “The cognitive neuroscience of preference and its incorporation
into a novel social/events App”, Presentation at the Segal Design
Center for the Segal Design Research Council and Cluster at
Northwestern University, Evanston, IL. December 8, 2015.
3. National Contributions
1988 "Use of Kinetic Methods to Evaluate D-xylose Malabsorption in
Patients", for Sixty-first Annual Meeting of the Central Society for
Clinical Research, Chicago, Illinois. November, 1988.
1992 "Functional magnetic resonance imaging of obsessive compulsive
disorder", Paper presentation at the Fourth Annual NARSAD
Scientific Symposium, Washington, D.C. October 3, 1992.
1993 "Functional magnetic resonance imaging of symptom provocation
in obsessive-compulsive disorder" for the Society of Magnetic
Resonance in Medicine, Twelfth Annual Scientific Meeting, New
York, New York. August 16, 1993.
1994 "Structural and functional MRI studies in psychiatric illness",
Presentation for the Northwestern University Medical School
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Chicago, IL.
January 27, 1994.
1995 "FMRI of effortful attention using talairach averaging across
subjects", Presentation for the Society of Neuroscience, Annual
Scientific Meeting, San Diego, CA. November 16, 1995.
1996 “Imaging human emotional circuitry: from behavioral
probes of the amygdala to cocaine infusion activation of
reward circuitry”, Presentation at St. Elizabeth’s Hospital,
NIMH, Washington, D.C. July 17, 1996.
1996 “Functional MRI of cocaine action in humans”, Presentation at
NIMH Grand Rounds, Washington, D.C. July 18, 1996.
1996 “Functional MRI and the study of OCD: from symptom
provocation to cognitive-behavioral probes of cortico-striatal
systems and the amygdala”, Presentation for the Symposium on
functional magnetic resonance imaging studies of brain disorders
at the Society of Neuroscience, Annual Scientific Meeting,
Washington, D.C. November 15, 1996.
1996 “Functional MRI of cocaine action in humans”, Presentation at the
Society of Neuroscience, Annual Scientific Meeting, Washington,
D.C. November 21, 1996.

1997 “Cocaine effects on human brain activity and emotion”,
Presentation at Schering-Plough Research Institute, Kenilworth,
NJ. October 7, 1997.
1997 “From symptom provocation to emotion neuroscience”,
Presentation for the Symposium on the neuroscience of fear and
anxiety: integrating academic and commercial approaches at the
Society of Neuroscience, Annual Scientific Meeting, New Orleans.
October 24, 1997.
1997 “FMRI of cocaine-induced euphoria and craving”, Presentation at
the Society of Neuroscience, Annual Scientific Meeting, New
Orleans. October 29, 1997.
1998 “Subcortical circuitry and the visual processing of facial
expression”, Presentation for ADAA Scientific Satellite Meeting,
Boston, MA: “Brain neurocircuitry of anxiety and fear:
Implications for clinical research and practice”, Co-chaired by
James Ballenger, MD, and Steve Hyman, MD. March 26, 1998.
1998 “Brain Mapping Cocaine Effects and Craving”, Presentation for
“Understanding drug abuse and addiction: Myths vs reality”,
Boston, MA, sponsored by NIDA. April 2, 1998.
1998 “Imaging the time course of cocaine’s effects with functional
MRI”, Presentation at the satellite meeting: “Brain Imaging in
Development of Medications for Drug Abuse” at the College on
Problems of Drug Dependence Annual Convention, Phoenix, AZ.
June 19, 1998.
1998 “FMRI of reward circuitry during cocaine administration in
humans”, Presentation to the Neuroimaging Teaching
Rounds, at Yale University Medical School. September 18, 1998.
1998 “Imaging Acute Cocaine Effects in the Human Brain”,
Presentation to “The Cellular and Molecular Basis of Emotional
Memory: Implications for Addiction Workshop”, at NIDA,
Bethesda, MD. September 24, 1998.
1998 “FMRI of Brain Reward Circuitry in the Human”, Presentation at
“Advancing from the Ventral Striatum to the Extended Amygdala:
Implications for Neuropsychiatry and Drug Abuse”, a New York
Academy of Sciences Conference, in honor of Lennart Heimer,
M.D., in Charlottesville, Virginia. October 21, 1998.
1998 “Cocaine, Human Brain Activity, and Emotion”, Presentation at
“Amygdala and More!”, a Symposium at the Society of

Neuroscience, Annual Scientific Meeting, Los Angeles, CA.
November 10, 1998.
1998 “fMRI of Cocaine Effects on Brainstem and Reward
Circuitry”, Presentation at “Relapse with Drugs of Abuse -
What Are the Critical Factors?”, a Panel Session at the
American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 37th
Annual Meeting, Las Croabas, Puerto Rico. December 6, 1998.
1999 “Imaging Human Reward Circuitry”, Presentation at the UCLA
Brain Mapping Center, Los Angeles, CA. April 9, 1999.
1999 “Imaging Studies of Reward, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders &
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy”, Presentation at the Merritt-Putnam
Lectures on Epilepsy: the Van Gogh Symposium on Temporal
Lobe Epilepsy, Los Angeles, CA. April 10, 1999.
1999 “Pleasure vs Pain Circuitry in the Human Brain”, Presentation at
the NIH Biomarkers and Surrogate Measures Meeting, NIH,
Washington, D.C. May 16, 1999.
1999 “Functional Imaging of Human Reward Circuitry during
Addiction”, Presentation at the “HPA Axis and Substance Abuse
Workshop” at NIDA, Bethesda, MD. September 22, 1999.
1999 “The Future of Neuroimaging in Substance Abuse
Research”, Presentation at the NIDA 25th Anniversary
Celebration, Washington, D.C. September 25, 1999.
2000 “Functional MRI of Normal and Altered Behavioral States”,
Presentation at the Neurobiology of Disease Seminar series at the
Stanford Brain Research Center, Stanford University, CA.
February 10, 2000.
2000 “The Generalized Circuitry of Motivation, and its Functional
Dissection”, Presentation at the Cognitive Neuroscience Society
Meeting, San Francisco, CA. April 11, 2000.
2001 “The General Circuitry of Reward in Humans”, Symposium
Presentation at the Society of Biological Psychiatry, New Orleans.
May 5, 2001.
2001 “Substance Abuse, Human Motivation, and Functional Brain
Imaging”, Presentation at the Office of National Drug Control
Policy – Counterdrug Technology Assessment Center Meeting:
New Technologies to Catalyze Breakthroughs in Addiction, San
Diego, CA. June 26, 2001.

2001 “The General Circuitry of Reward in Humans”, Presentation at the
“From Molecules to Managed Care” Symposium sponsored by the
American Society of Addiction Medicine, Washington, D.C.
November 1, 2001.
2001 “The General Circuitry of Reward and Aversion in Humans”,
Presentation at Brookhaven National Laboratory, Long Island, NY.
November 8, 2001.
2001 “A Systems Approach to the Development of a Gold Standard:
Research on the General Circuitry of Reward and Aversion in
Humans”, Presentation at the Annual Conference of the National
Center for Responsible Gaming, Los Vegas. December 4, 2001.
2001 “The Informational Backbone for Motivation (iBM) and
Implications of its Function for Understanding Craving”,
Presentation at the “Clinical Research Methodologies for Eliciting
Drug Craving for Imaging Studies – Critical Review,
Reassessment and Recommendations” Symposium at the
American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 40th
Anniversary
Conference, Waikoloa, Hawaii. December 11, 2001.
2001 “Reward and Aversion Circuitry Function as an Informational
Backbone for Motivation (iBM)”, Presentation at the “Imaging
Addictive Behavior” Symposium at the American College of
Neuropsychopharmacology, 40th
Anniversary Conference,
Waikoloa, Hawaii. December 13, 2001.
2001 “Motivation: the Genesis of Directed Action”, Presentation at the
“Motivated Behavior (decision-making, reward) and
Psychopathology” Symposium at the American College of
Neuropsychopharmacology, 40th
Anniversary Conference,
2001 “Functional Neuroanatomy: Methods and Applications”,
Presentation at the American College of Geriatric Psychiatry,
2001 “DescartesRx: A functional neuromics platform for harnessing the
circuitry of pain to do drug discovery”, Presentation to the
combined partners of the Oxford Bioscience Partnership, New
Haven, Conn. December 18, 2001.
2002 “Addiction is a brain disease: Brain imaging to foster advances in
treatment and prevention”, Presentation to Director John Walters
(Drug Czar) and other administrators of the Office of National
Drug Control Policy, Executive Branch of the President of the
U.S.A., Washington, D.C. March 8, 2002.

2002 “Functional circuitry of reward and aversion in the human:
Potential implications for analgesia and addiction”, Presentation at
the International Narcotics Research Conference, Asilomar, CA.
July 11, 2002.
2002 “Addiction and the the Generalized Circuitry of Reward-
Aversion”, Presentation at the Stanford University Symposium on
Addiction, Palo Alto, CA. October 4. 2002.
2002 “The general circuitry of reward-aversion in the human, and its
potential implications for neuropsychiatry”, Presentation at Yale
University, New Haven, CT. November 18, 2002.
2002 “Bottom-up and top-down integrative neuroscience: linking gene
to systems function”, Presentation at the Genetics Working Group
for the National Institute of Drug Abuse, Bethesda, MD. December
4, 2002.
2003 “Moving across scale to systems biology and brain mapping”,
Presentation as faculty at the Cold Spring Harbor Cell Biology of
Addiction Course, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, NY. August 5,
2003.
2003 “Plato’s cave and functionl MRI (or any scientific measurement)”,
Presentation as faculty at the Cold Spring Harbor Cell Biology of
Addiction Course, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, NY. August 5,
2003.
to systems function”, Presentation with Greg Gasic as faculty at
the Cold Spring Harbor Cell Biology of Addiction Course, Cold
Spring Harbor Laboratory, NY. August 5, 2003.
2003, “Mapping motivation and emotion”, Presentation at the
Neuroeconomics Conference, Martha’s Vineyard, MA. September
19, 2003.
2004 “Neuropsychiatric implications of mapping reward/aversion
circuitry”, Presentation at the American Psychiatric Association,
Symposium: Functional Brain Imaging of Addiction, NY, NY.
May 3, 2004.
2004 “The generalized system for reward/aversion, and its potential
implications for neuropsychiatry”, Presentation at Wake Forest
University, Winston-Salem, NC. May 13, 2004.

2004 “Phenotype delineation of addiction using neuroimaging”,
Presentation at Frontiers in Addiction Biology: Genomics and
Beyond, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee. May 24,
2004.
2004 “Neurobiology of Drug Addiction”, Speakers: Eric Nestler, Rob
Malenka, David Self, Hans Breiter. Group presentation for
McKnight Disease Workshop, Aspen, Colorado. June, 24, 2004.
2004 “Neuroimaging based phenotype delineation for genetic studies of
addiction and major depression”, Presentation at the FASEB
Summer Research Conference: Modern Scientific Approaches to
Drug Addiction: Relationship with Behavior, Tucson, Arizona.
July 19, 2004.
2004 “The neuropsychiatric implications of mapping reward/aversion
circuitry”, Presentation at University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh,
Pennsylvania. July 27, 2004.
2004 “Human reward circuitry function and its utilization for ressearch
in across-scale biology”, Presentation at University of Texas,
Southwestern, Dallas, Tx. September 14, 2004.
2004 “Human motivation and across-scale systems biology”,
Presentation at Brain Architecture meeiting, Cold Spring Harbor
Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY. September 24, 2004.
2004 “Outcome utility and addiction”, Presentation at the National
Institute on Drug Abuse Neuroeconomics Forum, Washington,
D.C. October 14, 2004.
2005 “Human reward circuitry function & its utilization for research in
across-scale biology”, Presentation at the Ernest Gallo Clinic and
Research Center, University of California, San Francisco. March 9,
2005.
2005 “Human reward circuitry function & its utilization for research in
across-scale biology”, Presentation to the Gelernter Addiction
Research Lab, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. March 22,
2005.
2005 “Brain imaging and economic opportunities”, Presentation to the
Executive Appropriations Committee of the Utah State Legislature,
University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT. July 15, 2005.
2005 “Brain mapping & the circuitry of reward/aversion”, Presentation
at the Cold Spring Harbor Cell Biology of Addiction Workshop,
CSHL, Cold Spring Harbor, NY. August 12, 2005.

2005 “Cocaine addiction - alterations in reward circuitry”, Presentation
at the NIDA Symposiom, “Cognitive Approaches to Addiction:
Progress and Pitfalls”, Bethesda, MD. September 13, 2005.
2005 “Understanding Altered Reward Function Across Scale”,
Presentation at “Mechanisms of Behavior Change Initiative”,
NIAAA, Washington, D.C. November 3, 2005.
2006 “The Phenotype Genotype Project in Addiction and Mood
Disorder”, Presentation to the Keck Foundation on behalf of the
Brain Architecture Project, Los Angeles, CA. March 30, 2006.
2006 “Reward / Aversion Systems, Their Dysfunction in Functional
Brain Illness, & Mapping Dysfunction Across Scale”, Presentation
to University of Utah Department of Radiology, Salt Lake City,
UT. May 22, 2006.
2007 “Imaging Drug and Natural Rewards in Humans”, Presentation to
Keystone Symposium: Neurobiology of Addiction, Santa Fe, NM.
February 28, 2007.
2007 “Imaging Drug and Natural Reward in Humans”, Presentation to
University of Arkansas College of Medicine, Psychiatry Grand
Rounds, Little Rock, AK. April 24, 2007.
2007 “Current Issues in Addiction Neurobiology”, Presentation and
Briefing of the Honorable John Walters, Director of the Office of
National Drug Control Policy, Washington, D.C. June 20, 2007.
2007 “Reward/aversion Function Across Scale in Health and Disease”,
Presentation in NIAAA Lecture Series, NIAAA, Bethesda, MD.
June 22, 2007.
2007 “Reward/aversion Function Across Scale in Health and Disease”,
Presentation to Mechanisms of Behavior Change in Behavioral
Treatment: Current Knowledge and New Perspectives at NIAAA
satellite symposium for RSA, Chicago, IL. July 7, 2007.
2008 “Recurrent and robust patterns underlying human relative
preference, and associations with brain circuitry plus genetics”,
Presentation at Design Principles in Biological Systems, Institute
for Mathematics and Its Applications, University of Minnesota,
MN. April 21, 2008.
2008 “The MGH Phenotype Genotype Project on Addiction and
Depression, and Lessons From It”, Presentation at The

Architectural Logic of the Mammalian CNS, Cold Spring Harbor
Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY. May 7, 2008.
2008 “Reduced range of relative preference in cocaine addiction &
relationship to alterations in the brain”, Presentation at the
Cognitive Rigidity Symposium, American Psychological
Association meeting, Boston, MA. August 17, 2008.
2008 “What has imaging taught us about depression? (this is a loaded
question)”, Presentation at the New York Psychoanalytic Institute,
NY, NY. October 4, 2008.
2008 “Challenges and potential solutions for transdisciplinary research
across institutions”, Presentation for the meeting
“Transdisciplinary Approaches to Mechanisms of Behavior
Change in Alcohol: Connecting Basic Science Discoveries to
Behavior Change Research” at Columbia University, NY, NY.
October 7, 2008.
2009 “Laws of human preference and implications”, Presentation for
Symposium 1, American Society of Addiction Medicine, New
Orleans, Louisiana. May 1, 2009.
2010 “Comments on identity, emotion, and free will”, Presentation as
the scientific discussant for author Siri Hustvedt and her book The
Shaking Woman or a History of My Nerves for Brainwave 2010,
Rubin Museum of Art, N.Y., N.Y. March 5, 2010.
2010 “Reward/aversion: From Spinoza and Freud to modern
neuroscience”, Presentation as invited speaker at Northwestern
University Medical School, Chicago, IL. June 24, 2010.
2012 “Are casinos like cocaine for the brain?”, A
conversation/presentation at the Institute for American Values,
NY, NY. April 26, 2012
(http://www.centerforpublicconversation.org/events/v/casinos-
20120426.php)
2014 “Engineering-based Behavioral Science and Its Implications for
TBI Research”, Presentation for the Committee on Institutional
Cooperation (the Big Ten) and Ivy League TBI Summit,
Philadelphia, PA. July 16, 2014.
2014 “Cannabis neuro-adaptation in the amygdala and accumbens in
adolescence”, Presentation for the Duke Center on Addiction and
Behavior Change Symposium, Duke Univeristy, Durham, NC.
October 20, 2014,

2015 “Marijuana effects on the brain, and why young adults should
never use it”, Presentation at Penn State University, State College,
PA. April 16, 2015.
2015 “Concussion Neuroimaging Consoritum (CNC): Vision and
Mission”, Synopsis speaker for presentation with CNC partners at
BIG10/CIC/Ivy League TBI Summit, Chicago, IL. July 15, 2015.
2015 Three short to moderate-length presentations at the Concussion
Neuroimaging Consortium (CNC) Symposium, October 20-21, at
the University of Nebraska, Lincoln:
(i) “CNC Vision and Mission: Presentation of Framework for CNC
Symposium”
(ii) "Updates on Concussion Research: Incidence Among Student
Athletes, Pilot Imaging of Veterans and Professional Athletes, and
Next Generation Cognitive Neuroscience Approaches”
(iii)“Relative Preference Theory and Developing the Social App
‘Trnup’”
4. International Contributions
1998 “Cocaine induced brainstem and subcortical activity observed
through fMRI with cardiac gating”, Presentation at the
International Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, Sixth
Scientific Meeting and Exhibition, Sydney, Australia. April 23,
1998.
1998 “fMRI of cocaine effects on brainstem and reward circuitry”,
Presentation at the Society of Biological Psychiatry, 53rd Annual
Convention, Toronto, Canada. May 29, 1998.
1999 “Functional Imaging of Human Brain Circuitry Mediating
Cocaine-Induced Euphoria and Craving”, Presentation at the 21st
International Summer School of Brain Research: “Cognition,
Emotion, Autonomic Responses”, at the Netherlands Institute for
Brain Research, Amsterdam, Netherlands. August 26, 1999.
1999 “The Generalized Human Circuitry of Brain Reward and Its
Functional Dissection”, Presentation at the Juan March
Foundation Center for International Meetings on Biology,
Madrid, Spain. December 15, 1999.
2000 “Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Human Reward
Circuitry”, Presentation at the Medical Grand Rounds, Bar-Ilan
University, Tel Aviv, Israel. January 12, 2000.

2000 “Brain Reward Circuitry in Humans: Studies with Cocaine,
Morphine, and Money”, Presentation at the Israeli Society of
Biological Psychiatry in Tel Aviv, Israel. January 13, 2000.
2001 “Dissecting Reward Circuitry into Functional Subsystems”, in the
Basic Mechanisms of Reward and Addiction Symposium for the
7th
World Congress of Biological Psychiatry, Berlin, Germany.
July 2, 2001.
2001 “Using fMRI to Dissect Human Reward Function into its
Cognitive Subprocesses”, in the Neurobiology of Pathological
Gambling Symposium for the 7th
World Congress of Biological
Psychiatry, Berlin, Germany. July 3, 2001.
2002 “Integrative neurobiology: Top-down and bottom-up approaches
linking genes and systems biology”, Presentation at Brainstorm
2002 in Athens, Greece. September 20, 2002.
2002 “The generalized circuitry or reward-aversion in the human, and its
potential neuropsychiatric implications”, Presenation at Montreal
Neurological Institute, Montreal, Canada. November 21, 2002.
2003 “fMRI studies of human reward circuitry responses to drug and
non-drug stimuli”, Presentation at the Annual meeting of the
Canadian College of Neuropharmacology, Montreal, Canada. June
2, 2003.
2003 “Brain imaging studies of the circuitry processing reward/aversion
information”, Presentation and discussion group chairperson at the
Charite Conference on “Emotional Neuroscience: Brain Imaging
of the Human Reward System”, Klinik fur Psychiatrie und
Psychotherapie, Charite Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany. August
2, 2003.
2003 “Brainmapping and the systems biology of addiction”, Presentation
at the Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden. September 9,
2003.
2003 “A general circuitry of reward/aversion in the human, and its
potential implications for neuropsychiatry”, Presentation at the
Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden. September 9, 2003.
to systems function”, Presentation at the Karolinska Institute,
Stockholm, Sweden. September 9, 2003.

2003 “Plato’s cave and functionl MRI (or any scientific measurement)”,
Presentation at the Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
September 9, 2003.
2004 “The role of prefrontal cortex within the human circuitry of brain
reward”, Presentation at the International Congress of Biological
Psychiatry, Sydney, Australia. February 10, 2004.
2004 “The Generalized system for reward/aversion and its relevance to
addiction”, Presentation at the International Congress of Biological
Psychiatry, Sydney, Australia. February 12, 2004.
2005 “The role of prefrontal cortex in the human circuitry of brain
reward”, Presentation in the Functional Imaging and the
Interaction of Cognition and Emotion Symposium of the World
Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry, Vienna, Austria.
July 2, 2005.
2005 “Neuroimaging-based phenotype delineation of non-Mendelian
diseases of the brain as a prelude to genetic association studies”,
Presentation at the Symposium, “Can Genetic Variation Be
Imaged?”, World Congress of Psychiatric Genetics, Boston, MA.
October 16, 2005.
2007 “Reward/aversion function across scale in health and disease”, 4th
Annual ECNS-ISNIP Joint Meeting: Neuroimaging and
Neurophysiology of Personality, Anxiety, and Substance Use
Disorders in Montreal, Canada. September 22, 2007.
2009 “Reward processing across behavior, circuits, and genes:
Implications for health and psychopathology”, Invited presentation
at the Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain
Sciences, Leipzig, Germany. September 14, 2009.
2009 “Laws of human preference and implications for free will”, Invited
presentation at the Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt
University, Berlin, Germany. September 17, 2009.
2010 “Preference-based decision making in health and disease, from
behavior to circuit to gene”, Keynote presentation opening:
“Decision Neuroscience – From Neurons to Societies” at the Max
Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany.
September 23, 2010.
2010 “Preference-based decision-making: from behavior to circuit to
gene”, Invited presentation at the Max Planck Institute for Human
Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany. September 27,
2010.

2010 “Laws of preference, scaling, and brain architecture: reframing
addiction research”, invited long presentation at “Insights into the
Neurobiology of Addiction; The Second Aquitaine Conference on
Neuroscience” in Arcachon, France, October 12-15, 2010.
2011 “Preference-based decision-making: It’s laws, biological
plausibility & implications”, invited long presentation at “Genes,
Brain and Behavior: From Personality to Psychopathology”,
German Society for Psychophysiology and its Application: 4th
Spring School, in St. Goar, Germany, March 23-26, 2011.
2012 “Engineering-based behavioral science (EBS): Moving past
cognitive science and fuzzy psychology to something meaningful
for brain imaging and genetics”, invited presentation at deCode,
Reykjavik, Iceland regarding possibility of starting a multi-
institution project on genetics-based brain mapping; talk given on
December 12, 2012.
5. Professional and Educational Leadership Role
1998 Symposium Co-Chair, “Reward and Emotion”, Society of
Biological Psychiatry, Toronto, Canada. May 29, 1998.
1998 Symposium Co-Chair, “Relapse with Drugs of Abuse – What Are
The Critical Factors?”, American College of
Neuropsychopharmacology, Las Croabas, Puerto Rico. December
6, 1998.
2001 Organizer and Symposium Co-Chair, “New Developments in
Substance Abuse”, Society of Biological Psychiatry, New Orleans,
Louisiana. May 5, 2001.
2001 Organizer, One day meeting for the Office of National Drug
Control Policy – Counterdrug Technology Assessment Center,
“New Technologies to Catalyze Breakthroughs in Addiction”, San
Diego, CA. June 26, 2001.
2001 Symposium Co-Chair, “Neurobiology of Pathological Gambling”,
World Congress of Biological Psychiatry, Berlin, Germany. July 3,
2001.
2003 Chair of Discussion Group, “Emotional Neuroscience: Brain
Imaging of the Human Reward System”, Charite Campus Mitte,
Berlin, Germany. August 2, 2003.

2003 Faculty, “Cell Biology of Addiction Course”, Cold Spring Harbor
Laboratory, NY. August 4-8, 2003.
2004 Symposium Co-Chair, “Prefrontal Cortex and Addiction” on
behalf of the Drug Addiction Task Force, International Congress of
Biological Psychiatry, Sydney, Australia. February 10, 2004.
2005 Symposium Co-Chair, “Functional Imaging and the Interaction of
Cognition and Emotion”, World Federation of Societies of
Biological Psychiatry, Vienna, Austria. July 2, 2005.
2006 Co-Organizer, Presentations on behalf of the “The Brain
Architecture Project”, Keck Foundation, Los Angeles, CA. March
30, 2006.
2007 Symposium Chair, “Affective Disorders: Imaging and CSF
Studies”, Society for Neuroscience, San Diego, CA. November 5,
2007.
2008 Meeting Co-Organizer, "Transdisciplinary Approaches to
Mechanisms of Behavior Change in Alcohol: Connecting Basic
Science Discoveries to Behavior Change Research", at Columbia
University, NY, NY, funded by U13AA017798-01 from
NIAAA/NIH. October 6-7, 2008.
2014 Symposium Co-Chair, “Cannabis-related Brain Abnormalities in
Schizophrenia and Their Clinical and Cognitive Implications”, at
Society for Biological Psychiatry, NY, NY.
2014 Symposium Co-Chair and Discussant, “Dare to Delay? The impact
of adolescent cannabis use onset on brain development”, at AACP,
San Diego, CA.
2015 Co-Organizer with Semyon Slobounov of the “Concussion
Neuroimaging Consortium Symposium”, at University of
Nebraska, Lincoln, NE. October 20-21, 2015.
D. Report of Clinical Activities:
Clinical contributions
1. First quantitative diagnosis method for malabsorption syndromes (1988). This
work developed pharmacokinetic methods with the D-xylose absorption test for
differential diagnosis of malabsorption syndromes in humans (Breiter et al.,
1988). The significance of this work led to it being editorialized and reported as a
selective summary in another journal.
2. First quantitative morphometric imaging study in psychiatry (1994). This work
developed morphometric (volumetric) brain analysis for the study of psychiatric

illnesses (Breiter et al., 1994). The quantitative volumetric and topological
technique for MRI analysis constructed by David Kennedy and Verne Caviness
was one of the first such validated techniques. It was initially developed for
neurological applications and the work I published in 1994 regarding volumetrics
in obsessive compulsive disorder was its first application to the study of
psychiatric illness. This methodology has now been widely used in psychiatric
neuroscience, and imaging genetics for characterizing the brain structural
abnormalities observed with psychiatric illness, and for understanding the
underlying pathophysiology. Along with the use of orthogonal measures of brain
structure such as cortical thickness and voxel-based morphometry, this
methodology will have relevance in the differential diagnosis of psychiatric
illness, and in the serial monitoring of treatment efficacy.
3. First demonstration of a complete fMRI analysis stream and application/use of
fMRI in psychiatry (1992-1996). This work involved a large cadre of co-
investigators including functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) co-
inventors Ken Kwong and Jack Belliveau, and started on April 11, 1992 with the
first imaging of an obsession in a patient with obsessive-compulsive disorder.
This work led to development of the first analysis pipeline and procedures for
applying fMRI as a tool for psychological and functional brain research.
Techniques developed toward this end included the use of motion correction and
quality assurance for residual motion, signal normalization, parametric and non-
parametric statistical mapping, time-course evaluation, individual vs. aggregated
data analysis, and localization of activation in a general anatomic framework
(Breiter et al., [SMRM & SfN Abstracts] 1993; Breiter et al., Archives of General
Psychiatry, 1996 [submitted 26 months earlier in 1994]; Breiter et al., Neuron,
1996). As part of this process, we demonstrated the first averaging of fMRI data
in the Talairach anatomic framework (Breiter et al., [SfN Abstract] 1995).
Presentations at meetings about the application of fMRI to psychiatric illness led
to this work being the only work cited in Blamire et al. (Br. J Psychiatry, 1994)
about the future of fMRI for psychiatric illness. Other papers were published in
1995 with fMRI data acquisition of psychiatric illness, but none used fundamental
analysis techniques such as motion correction, and are considered by other senior
fMRI investigators (e.g., Peter Bandettini) to be papers that should be retracted.
With use of these analysis techniques as a platform, fMRI is now the technique of
choice for mapping brain functions, for imaging genetics, and quantifying
abnormal brain function in neurology, psychiatry, psychology, and neurosurgery.
FMRI of psychiatric and neurological illness will have relevance for the
differential diagnosis and monitoring of treatment efficacy of functional brain
illness. Recognition of the work I did pulling these analysis processes together
[and developing a Talairach anatomic framework for fMRI (Breiter et al., [SfN
Abstract] 1995)] resulted in the Klerman Award in 1996, from NARSAD. Since
reception of the Klerman Award, this effort with fMRI analysis has been extended
by work with Peter Shizgal, incorporating the use of robust statistical methods
into the analysis pipeline (Breiter et al., 2001). For citation purposes, and since it
is not listed elsewhere in this document, the long abstract to SMRM with the first
psychiatric fMRI is listed here:

Breiter H.C., Kwong K.K., Baker J.R., Belliveau J.W., Davis T.L., Baer L.,
O'Sullivan R.M., Rauch S.L., Savage C.R., Cohen M.S., Weisskoff R.M., Brady
T.J., Jenike M.A., Rosen B.R. 1993. Functional magnetic resonance imaging of
symptom provocation in patients with obsessive compulsive disorder versus
controls. Proc Soc Magn. Reson. Med. 1:58.
4. Safety procedures during MRI for incidental findings and use of bite bars (1994-
1995). With the application of fMRI to cognitive science questions (e.g., Cohen et
al., Brain, 1996; Breiter et al., Neuron, 2006), we started seeing unexpected
abnormalities in otherwise healthy individuals; procedures were needed to
ethically deal with these putative findings. This led to development of the first
protocol at MGH for incidental findings in MRI studies of healthy controls. This
work resulted directly from experience of such events, and focused on developing
procedures that maintained participant confidentiality, minimized their distress
from unanticipated findings, and facilitated the communication of such findings to
participant clinicians for follow-up care.
We also had to stabilize psychiatric patients, and needed better systems for
movement reduction. The bite bar system developed by Bob Savoy, PhD did not
have broad applicability until work was completed for sterilization of bite-bars for
fMRI at MGH. Prior to the use of bite bars at MGH, researchers using fMRI had
little ability to minimize head movement during scans of clinical populations,
resulting in the loss of significant proportion of data. By developing sterilization
techniques, bite bars could be readily used for fMRI studies of HIV and
conditions wherein subjects have a higher than average incidence of transmissible
conditions.
5. First integration of fMRI with EEG in conjoint acquisition (1995). This work was
performed with Frank Huang-Hellinger, Jeff Sutton, and Ken Kwong, and took
two years to develop through trial and error so we could interpret both fMRI and
EEG signal (see Huang-Hellinger et al., 1995). We specifically were interested in
staging sleep, and managed to get EEG, EOG, and EMG working concurrently
with fMRI of individuals sleeping to see brain activation during different stages of
sleep. All of the innovations we produced are used today, but the analysis
procedures have definitely progressed far beyond what we were using then. The
main contribution of combining these techniques was that one could evaluate both
fMRI spatial information and EEG temporal information at high resolution.
6. First fMRI of deep gray matter structures and characterization of brain dynamics,
focused on the amygdala (1996). This work required significant quality assurance
and was the first fMRI paper (or any imaging paper up to that time) to include a
replication study. It quantified amygdala activity and its modulation of visual
input, along with development of procedures for doing so, for MRI studies of
emotion and functional brain illnesses such as autism. This work (Breiter et al.,
Neuron, 1996) has become the most replicated finding in emotion neuroimaging.
7. First localization of reward circuitry in the human (1997), and confirmation this
circuitry processes multiple categories of reward/aversion stimuli (1997-2001).
This work specifically localized the nucleus accumbens and multiple other brain

regions implicated with the processing of reward/aversion information in humans,
and connected them to reward-specific behavioral ratings (Breiter et al., 1997).
This work was the first such work with specific localization of reward regions
published in the field of reward neuroimaging, which has become a major focus
of the Society for Neuroeconomics, the Organization for Human Brain Mapping,
Society for Neuroscience, and Society for Biological Psychiatry. Work done in
parallel by Blood and colleagues (Blood et al., Nat Neuroscience, 1999; Blood &
Zatorre, PNAS, 2001) was the first work localizing reward regions in healthy
controls, and specifically noted that their findings with music reward found
almost the exact same results as our cocaine infusion work. Subsequent work built
on these studies to extend these findings, producing the first data showing reward
and aversion information is processed along a continuum as hypothesized by
Spinoza (Becerra et al., 2001). Concurrent research produced the first data that
social stimuli are processed by the same general reward/aversion circuitry as drug
and monetary stimuli, and dissociating aesthetic processes from motivational ones
involved with the assessment of relative preference (Aharon et al., 2001). Other
concurrent work produced the first connection of reward neuroscience to
monetary reward through the neuroimaging of prospect theory (Breiter et al.,
2001; see #8 below). It should be noted that the dissociation of aesthetic processes
from motivational ones (Aharon et al., 2001) was also the first use of
neuroimaging to address philosophical and aesthetic questions [i.e., posed by
Ruskin (reprinted 1997) and Kant (1763-64)]; since Aharon et al., the fields of
neuroethics (neurophilosophy) and neuroaesthetics have seen a robust
development. Outside of their use for neuroeconomic and philosophical concerns,
imaging of reward/aversion circuitry will have relevance toward psychiatric
diagnosis and monitoring of treatment efficacy. The techniques developed to
initially localize human reward circuitry have been broadly adapted to imaging-
based psychopharmacology research.
8. First neuroimaging in the emerging field of “neuroeconomics” (1997-2001).
Collaboration with Peter Shizgal and Danny Kahneman started in 1997 to extend
the cocaine infusion work, and produced the first connection of reward
neuroscience to microeconomics through the neuroimaging of prospect theory
(Breiter et al., 2001), eighteen months before collaborator Danny Kahneman
received his Nobel Prize in Economics for prospect theory. Prospect theory was
considered fundamental to the development of behavioral finance, and Kahneman
used the images from Breiter et al. (2001) to argue that the processes described by
prospect theory are used by the brain. This 2001 manuscript in Neuron was
subsequently editorialized: Glimcher PW, Rustichini A. Neuroeconomics: the
consilience of brain and decision. Science 2004;3062:447-452.
9. First identification of importance of scaling to behavior and neuroscience (1994),
and implementation of across-scale biology in a large-scale phenotype genotype
project for psychiatric illness (2002). The potential importance of evaluating
measures across scale of spatiotemporal organization was first recognized and
published in 1994 (Sutton & Breiter, 1994). This work led to development and
refinement of procedures for associating behavioral and neuroscience data
collected from one scale of measurement to another scale of measurement (as in

imaging genetics), or for determining if information “scales” across levels of
organization. These procedures were a product of the MGH Phenotype Genotype
Project in Addiction and Mood Disorders (see Lawler, Science, 297, 2002;
Abbott, Nature, 419, 2002; and http://pgp.mgh.harvard.edu), and are illustrated in
Phenotype Genotype Project (PGP) publications, such as Perlis et al. (2008) and
Gasic et al. (2009). This work builds upon (i) theoretical formulations of neural
scale invariance (Sutton and Breiter, 1994), (ii) reward/aversion function within
motivation (Breiter and Rosen, 1999), and (iii) systems malfunction within
motivation that manifest at multiple scales of measurement with mental illness
(Breiter and Gasic, 2004; Breiter et al., 2006). This work has relevance for how
data from interdisciplinary studies is integrated in translational research, and was
a primary focus of a meeting at Columbia University, October 6-7, 2008, funded
by U13AA017798-01 from NIAAA/NIH (see past funding). Between formulation
of the hypothesis of scale invariance in behavior and neurobiology (Sutton &
Breiter, 1994) to demonstration of the first new scale invariant patterns since
circadian rhythms (Breiter & Kim, 2008; Kim et al., 2010; see #13 below), this
work lays the foundation for integration of measures made at different
spatiotemporal scales (e.g., molecular biology vs. neural groups of cells vs.
distributed groups of neural cells), and for consideration of lawful patterns at
different scales of measurement. The Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) program
at NIMH can be considered a direct extension of the neural scale invariance
hypothesis and of the PGP.
10. First morphometric topology/shape analysis using MRI (2003-4). This
methodology could be argued to have begun with systems that quantified a
topological measure such as cortical thickness. Although there were other systems
developed around this time measuring cortical thickness such as Freesurfer, they
were not based on anatomist validated or supported segmentation methods; for an
example of this issue, please see comparative segmentations for Freesurfer vs.
anatomist-supervised but blinded manual segmentations (Makris et al., 2008).
This first topological/shape analysis was published in Neuron: Makris et al., 2004.
11. Founding The Brain Architecture Project with three other investigators, and
laying the foundation for the NIH Connectome Project (2005-6). This project
sought to develop the first quantitative and engineering-based model of brain
anatomy. More than a decade after Francis Crick and Ted Jones bemoaned the
“Backwardness of Human Neuroanatomy” (Crick & Jones, 1993), we still have
no model of brain architecture. The implications of this are that we can only
characterize details of the abnormalities observed in brain structure for psychiatric
illness, as opposed to the full set of interrelated changes that one might observe
with a one subtype of a psychiatric illness or another. This issue is also of concern
for developing quantitative and accurate phenotypes of psychiatric illness for
genetic study. The Brain Architecture Project was started by four investigators:
Partha Mitra (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory; CSHL), Larry Swanson
(University Southern California), John Doyle (Caltech), and Hans Breiter (MGH),
through funding granted by the Keck Foundation. This work led to the
organization of a larger community of scientists, and publication of a white paper
for a national project (Bohland et al., 2009) with support from Nobel Laureate Jim

Watson. Funding for the national project with the mouse brain was procured
subsequent to publication of the white paper, and has recently led to the first
release of a draft connectivity matrix for the mouse brain by investigators at
CSHL. This work will, in the long term, have relevance for subtyping psychiatric
diagnoses based on differences in brain connectivity.
12. First genetic associations in neuroeconomics (2008/9). This work stemmed from
the PGP (#9 above) and led to a publication in 2008 demonstrating an association
between a keypress transaction task regarding aversive facial expressions (i.e.,
anger faces), fMRI signal in the insula, and a SNP near CREB1 that had been
implicated in suicidal ideation (Perlis et al., 2008). This paper was followed by
more general work looking at keypress responses to multiple facial expressions,
and their relationship to multiple reward/aversion regions (e.g., orbitofrontal
cortex, amygdala, nucleus accumbens), and a coding SNP in BDNF (Gasic et al.,
2009). Both papers were done in collaboration with the geneticist Jim Gusella,
and represent the first genetic association and imaging genetics work in
microeconomics. A paper in 2009 by Camilia Kuhnen found a behavioral metric
could be associated with a genetic polymorphism, and supported the general
approach of studying the effects of genetic polymorphisms on brain function and
behavior during economic decision-making.
13. Development of Relative Preference Theory (RPT), which is the first empirically
derived mathematical description of reward/aversion processing using an
information theory variable (H, the Shannon entropy or information), and system
of equations that can integrate other reward theories into a common framework.
RPT represents the first new set of law-like patterns identified in psychology in a
number of decades (Breiter & Kim, 2008; Kim et al., 2010). This work has
identified quantitative patterns in approach and avoidance behavior that are
recurrent across all stimuli used, robust to the injection of noise, and scale from
group to individual behavior (thus meeting strict engineering criteria for
lawfulness). Given recurrency, robustness, and scaling, they are candidate laws,
which connect experimental psychology and physiology, following the footsteps
of the Weber-Fechner-Stevens Law (1843, 1907, 1961). These law-like patterns
have been shown to integrate and underlie the mathematical formulations of
prospect theory (Kahneman & Tversky, 1979), the matching law (Herrnstein,
1961, Baum, 1974), and hedonic deficit theory (Cabanac, 1971). These law-like
patterns were thoroughly vetted at the Institute for Mathematics and Its
Applications, University of Minnesota in 2008 (www.ima.umn.edu/2007-
2008/W4.21-25.08/abstracts.html), and were identified as the one of the first data
based patterns in behavior to be described by an entropy variable from
information theory (Shannon & Weaver, 1949). These patterns have been shown
to associate with (a) reward/aversion circuitry function (Aharon et al., 2001;
Strauss et al., 2005), (b) reward/aversion activity and polymorphisms in CREB1
and BDNF (Perlis et al., 2008; Gasic et al., 2009), and (c) phenotypes of addiction
(Makris et al., 2008). RPT patterns for the value function and limit function
appear to scale to the spatiotemporal level of functional MRI data, making them
one of the few behavioral patterns outside of circadian rhythms to show such
scaling. RPT also appears to be compatible with development of a behavioral

toolbox of clinical assessments, which can be implemented over the Internet.
Development of quantitative indices of behavior may have implications for
studies in disease genetics, and for low-cost psychiatric diagnosis where
neuroimaging facilities may not be available (i.e., using simple web-based apps
on cellphones).
Note: Developments in 2015 are pointing to RPT representing more than just
reward/aversion, and potentially providing a topology of emotion. As such, it
represents a mathematical framework with quantitative predictive capabilities for
emotional function in health and disease.
14. First biological subtyping in psychiatry using neuroimaging alone (2010). This
work stemmed from the PGP (#9 above), and was one of the primary goals of the
project. The work (Blood et al., 2010) used DTI to show two non-overlapping
subgroups of subjects with major depressive disorder, who had similar symptom
profiles but divergent history of medication effects. The DTI differences were in
dopaminergic brainstem regions.
15. First integration of reward/aversion and attention in cognitive neuroscience
(2013-4). To date, these two processes have been considered to be independent
and unrelated psychological processes. Our recent work has shown that variables
in the RPT value function (see #13 above) can also be integrated with the β
variable from signal detection theory, that relates to the threshold set between
noise and signal distributions by individuals (Viswanathan et al., Under review).
This observation provides the first quantitative (i.e., mathematical) demonstration
of the relationship between attention and reward/aversion processing, and
provided the basis for our work to begin developing a model of mind that
quantitatively integrates known cognitive neuroscience measures of behavior,
using information theory.
PART III: BIBLIOGRAPHY
A. Original Articles
(Citations > 11,000 and H factor > 34)
1. Breiter HC, Craig RM, Levee G, Atkinson AJ: Use of kinetic methods to
evaluate D-xylose malabsorption in patients. J Lab Clin Med 1988;112:533-543.
This article editorialized: Zarling EJ. Interpretation of the xylose
absorption test made simple: Finally? J Lab Clin Med
1988;112:531-532.
As a Selected Summary: Urban E. The A,B,C, of D-xylose absorption.
Gastroenterology 1989;97:512-513.
2. Atkinson AJ, Ruo TI, Piergies AA, Breiter HC, Connelly TJ, Sedek GS, Juan
D, Hubler GL, Hsieh AM: Pharmacokinetics of N-acetylprocainamide in patients
profiled with a stable isotope method. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1989;46:182-189.
3. Brown H, Kosslyn SM, Breiter HC, Baer L, Jenike MC: Can patients with
obsessive-compulsive disorder discriminate between percepts and mental images?
A signal detection analysis. J Abnorm Psych 1994;103:445-454.

4. Breiter HC*, Filipek PA, Kennedy DN, Baer L, Pitcher D, Renshaw P, Caviness
VS, Jenike MA: Brain white matter abnormalities in patients with obsessive-
compulsive disorder. Arch Gen Psych 1994;51: 663-664.
5. Rauch SL, Jenike MA, Alpert NM, Baer L, Breiter HC, Fischman AJ: Regional
cerebral blood flow determination during symptom provocation in obsessive-
compulsive disorder using 15O-labelled CO2 and positron emission tomography.
Arch Gen Psych 1994;51:62-70.
6. Sutton JP, Breiter HC. Neural scale invarience: An integrative model with
implications for neuropathology. World Congress on Neural Networks,
1994;4:667-672.
7. Rauch SL, Savage CR, Alpert NM, Miguel EC, Baer L, Breiter HC, Fischman
AJ, Manzo PA, Moretti C, Jenike MA. A positron emission tomography study of
simple phobic symptom provocation. Arch Gen Psych 1995;52:20-28.
8. Huang-Hellinger FR, Breiter HC, McCormack G, Cohen MS, Kwong KK,
Sutton JP, Savoy RL, Weisskoff RM, Davis TL, Baker JR, Belliveau JW, Rosen
BR: Simultaeous functional magnetic resonance imaging and electrophysiological
recording. Hum Brain Mapping 1995;3:13-23.
9. Sorensen AG, Wray SH, Weisskoff RM, Boxerman JL, Davis TL, Caramia F,
Kwong KK, Stern CE, Baker JR, Breiter H, Gazit IE, Belliveau JW, Brady TJ,
Rosen BR. Functional MR of brain activity and perfusion in patients with chronic
cortical stroke. AJNR 1995;16:1753-1762.
10. Jenike MA, Breiter HC, Baer L, Kennedy DN, Savage CR, Olivares MJ,
O'Sullivan RL, Shera DM, Rauch SL, Keuthen N, Rosen BR, Caviness VS,
Filipek PA. Cerebral structural abnormalities in obsessive-compulsive disorder: A
quantitative morphometric magnetic resonance imaging study. Arch Gen Psych
1996;53:625-632.
11. Breiter HC*, Rauch SL, Kwong KK, Baker JR, Weisskoff RM, Kennedy DN,
Kendrick AD, Davis TL, Jiang A, Cohen MS, Stern CE, Belliveau JW, Baer L,
O'Sullivan RM, Savage CR, Jenike MA, and Rosen BR: Functional magnetic
resonance imaging of symptom provocation in obsessive compulsive disorder.
Arch Gen Psych 1996;53:595-606.
12. Cohen MS, Kosslyn SM, Breiter HC, DiGirolamo GJ, Thompson WL,
Anderson AK, Bookheimer SY, Rosen BR, Belliveau. Changes in cortical activity
during mental rotation: A mapping study using functional MRI. Brain
1996;119:89-100.
13. Breiter HC*, Etcoff NL, Whalen PJ, Kennedy WA, Rauch SL, Buckner RL,
Strauss MM, Hyman SE, Rosen BR. Response and habituation of the human
amygdala during visual processing of facial expression. Neuron 1996;17:1-13.
14. O’Sullivan RL, Rauch SL, Breiter HC, Grachev ID, Baer L, Kennedy DN,
Keuthen NJ, Savage CR, Manzo PA, Caviness VS, Jenike MA. Reduced basal
ganglia volumes in trichotillomania measured via morphometric MRI. Biol
Psychiatry 1997;42:39-45.
15. Breiter HC*, Gollub RL, Weisskoff RM, Kennedy DN, Makris N, Berke JD,
Goodman JM, Kantor HL, Gastfriend DR, Riorden JP, Mathew RT, Rosen BR,
and Hyman SE: Acute effects of cocaine on human brain activity and emotion.
Neuron 1997;19:591-611.
16. Rauch SL, Whalen PJ, Savage CR, Curran T, Kendrick A, Brown HD, Bush G,
Breiter HC, Rosen BR. Striatal recruitment during an implicit sequence learning

task as measured magnetic resonance imaging. Hum Brain Mapp. 1997;5(2):124-
132.
17 Borsook D, Fishman S, Becerra L, Edwards A, Stojanovic M, Ramachandran VS,
Gonzalez G, and Breiter H: Acute plasticity in the human somatosensory cortex
following amputation. NeuroReport 1998;8:371-376.
18. Gollub RL, Breiter HC, Kantor H, Kennedy D, Gastfriend D, Mathew RT,
Makris N, Guimaraes A, Riorden J, Campbell T, Foley M, Hyman SE, Rosen B,
Weisskoff R: Cocaine decreases cortical cerebral blood flow, but does not obscure
regional activation in functional magnetic resonance imaging in human subjects.
J. Cerebral Blood Flow Metab. 1998;18:724-734.
19. Seidman LJ, Breiter HC, Goodman JM, Goldstein JM, Woodruff WR, O’Craven
K, Savoy R, Tsuang MT, Rosen BR: A functional magnetic resonance imaging
study of auditory vigilance with low and high information processing demands.
Neuropsychology 1998;12(4):505-518.
20. Grachev ID, Breiter HC, Rauch SL, Savage CR, Baer L, Shera DM, Kennedy
DN, Makris N, Caviness VS, Jenike MA: Structural abnormalities of frontal
neocortex in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry
1998;55(2):181-2.
21. Becerra LR, Breiter HC, Stojanovic M, Fishman S, Edwards A, Comite AR,
Chang I-W, Berke JD, Gonzalez RG, Borsook D: Human brain activation to
controlled thermal stimulation and habituation to noxious heat: an fMRI study.
Magn Reson. Med. 1999;41:1044-1057.
22. Breiter HC*, Rosen BR: Functional magnetic resonance imaging of brain reward
circuitry in the human. Ann. New York Acad. Sci. 1999;877:523-547.
23. Elman I, Breiter HC, Gollub RL, Krause S, Kantor HL, Baumgartner WA,
Gastfriend DR, Rosen BR: Depressive symptomatology and cocaine-induced
pituitary-adrenal axis activation in individuals with cocaine dependence. Drug
Alcohol Depend 1999;56:39-45.
24. Elman I, Krause S, Breiter HC, Gollub R, Heintges J, Baumgartner W, Rosen B,
Gastfriend D. Validity of self-reported drug use in non-treatment seeking
individuals with cocaine dependence: Correlation with biochemical assays. Amer
J on Addictions 2000;9(3):216-221.
25. Tracy I, Becerra L, Chang I, Breiter H, Jenkins L, Borsook D, Gonzalez RG:
Noxious hot and cold stimulation produce common patterns of brain activation in
humans: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Neurosci Lett
2000;288:159-162.
26. Elman I, Krause S, Karlsgodt K, Schoenfeld DA, Gollub RL, Breiter HC,
Gastfriend DR. Clinical outcomes following cocaine infusion in nontreatment-
seeking individuals with cocaine dependence. Biol Psychiatry. Mar 15,
2001;49(6):553-5. PMID:11257241
27. Breiter HC*, Aharon I, Kahneman D, Dale A, Shizgal P. Functional Imaging of
Neural Responses to Expectancy and Experience of Monetary Gains and Losses.
Neuron 2001; 30:619-639.
This article editorialized: Glimcher PW, Rustichini A. Neuroeconomics:
the consilience of brain and decision. Science 2004;3062:447-452.
28. Aharon I, Etcoff N, Ariely D, Chabris CF, O’COnnor E, and Breiter HC*.
Beautiful faces have variable reward value: fMRI and behavioral evidence.
Neuron 2001; 32:537-551.

This article editorialized: Senior C. Beauty in the brain of the beholder.
Neuron 2003;38:525-528.
29. Becerra L, Breiter HC, Wise R, Gonzalez RG, Borsook D. Activation of reward
circuitry following noxious thermal stimuli. Neuron 2001; 32:927-946.
30. Elman I, D’Ambria M, Krause S, Breiter HC, Kane M, Morris R, Tuffy L,
Gastfriend DR: Ultrarapid opioid detoxification: effects on cardiolpulmonary
physiology, stress hormones, and clinical outcomes. Drug & Alcohol Depend.
2001;61:163-172.
31. Elman I, Karlsgodt KH, Gastfriend DR, Chabris CF, and Breiter HC. Cocaine-
primed craving and its relationship to depressive symtomatology in individuals
with cocaine dependence. J Psychopharamacology 2002;16:163-167.
32. Elman I., Lukas SE, Karlsgodt KH, Gasic GP, and Breiter HC. Acute cortisol
administration triggers craving in individuals with cocaine dependence.
Psychopharmacol Bull. 2003;37:84-89.
33. Atri A, Sherman S, Norman KA, Kirchhoff BA, Nicolas MM, Greicius MD,
Cramer SC, Breiter HC, Hasselmo ME, Stern CE. Blockade of central
cholinergic receptors imparis new learning and increases proactive interference in
a word paired-associate memory task. Behav Neurosci 2004; 118: 223-36.
34. Thermenos HE, Seidman LJ, Breiter HC, Goldstein JM, Goodman JM, Poldrack
R, Faraone SV, Tsuang MT. Functional magnetic resonance imaging during
auditory verbal working memory in nonpsychotic relatives of persons with
schizophrenia: a pilot study. Biol. Psychiatry 2004; 55(5):490-500.
35. Makris N, Gasic GP, Seidman LJ, Goldstein JM, Gastfriend DR, Elman I,
Albaugh MD, Hodge SM, Ziegler DA, Sheahan FS, Caviness VS, Tsuang MT,
Kennedy DN, Hyman SE, Rosen BR, and Breiter HC*. Decreased absolute
amygdala volume in cocaine addicts. Neuron 2004; 44:729-740.
36. Strauss MM, Makris N, Aharon I, Vangel MG, Goodman J, and Kennedy DN,
Gasic GP, Breiter HC*. FMRI of sensitization to angry faces. NeuroImage
2005; 26(2): 389-413.
37. Goldstein JM, Jerram M, Poldrack R, Anagnoson R, Breiter HC, Makris N,
Goodman JM, Tsuang MT, Seidman LJ. Sex differences in prefrontal cortical
brain activity during fMRI of auditory verbal working memory. Neuropsychology
2005; 19(4): 509-19.
38. Seidman LJ, Thermenos HW, Koch JK, Ward M, Breiter H, Goldstein JM,
Goodman JM, Faraone SV, Tsuang MT. Auditory verbal working memory load
and thalamic activation in non-psychotic relatives of persons with schizophrenia:
An FMRI replication. Neuropsychology 2007; 21(5): 599-610.
39. Makris N, Oscar-Berman M, Kim S, Hodge SM, Kennedy D, Caviness VS,
Marinkovic K, Breiter HC, Gasic GP, Harris GJ. Decreased volume of the brain
reward system in alcoholism. Biological Psych 2008; 64(3):192-202.
40. Perlis RH, Holt D, Smoller JW, Lee S, Kim BW, Lee MJ, Sun M, Makris N,
Kennedy D, Rooney K, Dougherty DD, Hoge R, Rosenbaum JF, Fava M, Gusella
J, Gasic GP, Breiter HC*. Association of a polymorphism near CREB1 with
differential aversion processing in the insula of healthy participants. Archives Gen
Psych 2008;65(8):882-92.
41. Puls I, Mohr J, Wrase J, Priller J, Behr J, Kitzrow W, Makris N, Breiter HC,
Obermayer K, Heinz A. Synergistic effects of the dopaminergic and glutamatergic

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