Occupation Based Intervention or Occupation Centered Practice is a modern tool especially used by Occupational Therapist where assessments, interventions and evaluations are based and focused on occupation. It is based upon client centered practice grounded by Clinical Reasoning of how Occupation can enhance the therapy.

1. OCCUPATION BASED INTERVENTION
OR
OCCUPATION CENTERED PRACTICE
D u r g a S a n k a r S u a r
A s s t . P r o f ,
S R M I S T

2. DEPICT THE
PICTURE

3. What do you observe ???
What is occupation ???
Is there any difference between Occupation , Activity and Work ??

4. WHAT IS OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY?
• Occupational therapy is the art and science of helping people do the day-to-day
activities that are important and meaningful to their health and well-being through
engagement in valued occupations.
• Occupational therapy is an autonomous professional which advocates for and help
with persons who have chronic impairments as well as others who seek a healthy,
satisfying life through engagement in occupation.

5. • Occupational therapists provide a broad range of individually tailored
services to enable persons to achieve self-organization and mastery of their
environments through their own actions.
•The primary goal of occupational therapy practitioner is to enable the people
to participate in the activities of everyday life.

6. • Occupational therapists achieve this outcome by working with people
and communities to enhance their ability to engage in the occupations
they want to, need to, or are expected to do, or by modifying the
occupation or the environment to better support their occupational
engagement. (WFOT 2012).

7. THE IDEA OF OCCUPATION
• A philosophical rationale that differentiates occupational therapy from other professions and
disciplines resides in the rich, complex idea of occupation. The concept of occupation offers
unlimited resources for scholarly exploration (Gergen, 1982), it connects with the values and
traditions of the profession, and reifies occupational therapy's commitment to improving life
opportunities for persons disabilities.
• Occupation for human is organized in a multilevel system and acts in respect to the environment
in a developmental trajectory from birth to death.

8. OCCUPATION
 Occupation refers to the units of organized activity within the ongoing stream of
human behavior that are named and classified by a society according to the purposes
they serve;
for example, "fishing" or "sewing" or, at a more abstract level, "playing" or "working."
These everyday activities are self-initiated, goal-directed (purposeful), and socially
recognized.

9. Occupations, constitutes of adaptive skills which are organized to achieve
human intentions.
Engagement in occupations may be personally satisfying and may serve an
extrinsic purpose.
Occupation enables people to contribute to society and thereby find a place
in their culture (Yerxa et al., 1989).

10. MEANING OF OCCUPATION IN
OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY
According to WFOT(2012), in occupational therapy, Occupations refer to
the everyday activities that people do as individuals, in families and with
communities to occupy time and bring meaning and purpose to life.
Occupations include things people
Need to,
want to “or”
are expected to do.

11. A doctor focus
on medication
to reduce
symptoms and
eventually
enable
participation
A
physiotherapist’
s focus on gait
to enable
walking and
eventually
participation
Occupational therapy
improves health and
wellbeing through
participation in
occupation

12. OCCUPATION CENTERED
PRACTICE
Occupation-centered Practice is one of the four principles to guide
contemporary occupational therapy practice.
Contemporary occupational therapy practice draws on the historical roots of
the profession, filtered through current occupational therapy, health, and
human service research and practice.

13. CONTEMPORARY OCCUPATIONAL
THERAPY PRACTICE
1. Client-centered practice
2. Occupation-centered practice
3. Evidence-based practice
4. Culturally relevant practice

14. OCCUPATION CENTERED
PRACTICE
•Occupation-centered practice focuses on meaningful occupations selected by clients and
performed in their typical settings (Fisher, 1998; Pierce, 1998).
• Occupational centered practice describes an approach where occupation is at the core.
•Occupation-centered practice is where assessments, interventions and evaluations are based
and focused on occupation in collaboration with the person, group or community.

15. In occupation centered practice:
1. occupational strengths and needs are identified (along with relevant background
information);
2. priority occupations (as identified by the person, family and relevant others) are
assessed;
3. goals are set in collaboration with the person and relevant others.

16. 4. reasons for problems of occupational performance are clarified (considering the
person, environment and occupational influences on performance);
5. intervention enables occupational engagement and performance
6. outcomes are measured in relation to satisfaction, engagement, occupational
performance, participation and wellbeing.

17. OCCUPATION CENTERED
PRACTICE
Occupation centered practice is made up of;
1. Occupation Focused Practice
2. Occupation Based Practice

19. OCCUPATION FOCUSED
An initial occupation-focused interview is used to understand the occupations which are
important and make up a person’s routine.
Questions might include ‘tell me about your typical day/week?’, ‘what can you manage
and what are you finding challenging to do?’
Occupation should remain proximal to the discussion i.e. how illness, disability, events
and the environment impact on occupation (i.e. how is depression impacting on the
person’s ability to get their children ready for school).

20. OCCUPATION BASED
An occupation-based assessment consists of the person doing an occupation
(a person making a cup of tea in their home).
Intervention adapts/changes the way the person is doing their occupation for
improved performance (providing a kettle tipper and memory prompts)
and,
Evaluation measures how the person is now doing their occupation (can they make a
cup of tea when they want to).

21. REFERENCES:
Contemporary Occupational Therapy Practice; Willard & Spackman’s
Occupational Therapy TWELFTH edition.
Duncan, EA. (Ed.). (2011). Foundations for practice in occupational therapy
(5th ed.).Edinburgh, UK: Elsevier.
American Occupational Therapy Association [AOTA]. (2014). Occupational
therapy practice framework: Domain and process (3rd ed.). American Journal
of Occupational Therapy, 68(Suppl. 1), S1–S48.
Canadian Association of Occupational Therapists. (2002). Enabling
occupation: An occupational therapy perspective (2nd ed.). Ottawa, ON:
CAOT Publications ACE.
Baum, C M., & Law, M. (997). Occupational therapy practice: Focusing on
occupational perfotmance. American Journal of Occupational Therapy
ch51,277-288,604.

22. Park, S., Fisher, A. G., & Velozo, C A. (994). Using rheAssessmenr of
Moror and Process Skills ro compare occllparional performance
between clinic and home serrings. American journal of Occupational
Therapy, 48,697-709.
 Grace E. Toth-Fejel, George F. Toth-Fejel, Cynthia A. Hedricks
(1997) Occupation-Centered Practice in Hand Rehabilitation Using the
Experience Sampling Method. American journal of Occupational
therapy, Volume 58.
Fisher (2009) The Occupational Therapy Intervention Process Model
(OTIPM). Scandinavian journal of occupational therapy,2009.
College of Occupational therapy, (2012) “Evidencing the Value of
Occupation” https://www.cot.co.uk/position-statements/position-
statements

23. If the focus of our practice is
to be occupation, then the
focus of our evaluation,
intervention and
documentation, not just our
outcomes should be
OCCUPATION
Anne Fisher (2009).