BIO MEDICAL WASTE MANAGEMENT

1. BIO-MEDICAL
WASTE
MANAGEMENT
DIVYESH R. KANGAD
NURSING TUTOR
GOVT. NURSING COLLEGE
JAMNAGAR

2. DO YOU
KNOW
REDUCE, RECYCLE, REUSE;
FOR, ONE MAN’S TRASH IS
ANOTHER’S TREASURE….
As per the new rules no hospital can establish on-site treatment
and disposal facility, if a service of common Bio-medical Waste
treatment facility is available within at a distance of 75 kilometer.
Thus bio medical waste management at GOVERNMENT HOSPITAL
is outsourced!
Using modern technology only 5% of incinerable waste is
converted to ash that goes to landfills !
Infected plastic waste is sterilized and nearly 50% is brought back
into circulation after treatment. These are first converted to
plastic granule and transformed to newer plastics such as bags!!
 About 60 % of sharp waste are melted in furnaces and reused as
part of stainless steel products! - Nearly all glass waste are
recycled after treatment and melting in foundries!
DO
YOU
KNOW
?

3. DO YOU
KNOW…………….?????
According to WHO, nearly 85% of all waste
generated by hospitals in general waste
About 10 % is Bio-medical Waste
And only 5% is other wastes such as radioactive
and chemical wastes
In a large tertiary care hospital, the Bio medical
waste generated is about 1.5kg/bed/day as
against 2.8kg/bed/day from a similar sized
hospital in USA
DO YOU
KNOW
DO
YOU
KNOW
?

4. BIO MEDICAL WASTE
 Definition of Bio-medical Waste:
“Bio-medical waste" means any waste, which is
generated during the diagnosis, treatment or
immunization of human beings or animals or
research activities pertaining thereto or in the
production or testing of biological or in health
camps.

5. BIO-MEDICAL WASTE RULES
2016
The Bio-medical Waste Management rules are
applicable to all persons who generate, collect,
receive, store, transport, treat, dispose, or handle bio
medical waste in any form.
Bio-Medical Waste rules 2016 doesn’t apply to the
following types of wastes as they are covered under
different acts enumerated below:
Radio active waste
Hazardous chemical waste
Lead and acid base battery waste
E- waste

6. THE MAJOR SALIENT FEATURES OF BMW MANAGEMENT
RULES, 2016 INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING:
 The scope of the rules has been expanded to include vaccination camps,
blood donation camps, surgical camps or any other healthcare activity;
 Phase-out the use of chlorinated plastic bags, gloves and blood bags
within two years
 Pre-treatment of the laboratory waste, microbiological waste, blood
samples and blood bags through disinfection sterilization on-site in the
manner as prescribed by WHO or NACO
 Provide training to all its health care workers and immunize all health
workers regularly;
 Establish a Bar-Code System for bags or containers containing bio-
medical waste for disposal;
Report major accidents;
Existing incinerators to achieve the standards for retention time in
secondary chamber and Dioxin and Furans within two years;

7. BIO-MEDICAL WASTE HAS BEEN CLASSIFIED
IN TO 4 CATEGORIES INSTEAD OF 10 TO
IMPROVE THE SEGREGATION OF WASTE AT
SOURCE;

8. RED
CONTAINER

9. YELLO
W
CONTAINER

10. BLUE
CONTAINER

11. WHIT
E
CONTAINER

12. BLAC
K
CONTAINER

13. REMEMBER:
YELLOW has blood and tissues dead,
Infected plastics and rubber go in RED,
Sharps in Containers lockable &white,
Blue Card boards for Glassware, that’s
right,
The color Black for general waste
Don’t forget this in your haste !!!

14. GENERATION TO DISPOSAL
PROCESS
AN ILLUSTRATIVE JOURNEY !
There are parallel stories
running everywhere, And
here’s one to share..
Patients whom we treat and
manage Generate waste for
others to treat and manage.

15. GENERATION TO DISPOSAL
PROCESS
AN ILLUSTRATIVE JOURNEY !

16. GENERATION TO DISPOSAL
PROCESS
AN ILLUSTRATIVE JOURNEY !

17. DISPOSAL

18. HOSPITAL/BIO-MEDICAL
WASTE MANAGEMENT:
A global perspective The proper management of Hospital/Healthcare/Biomedical
waste has become a topic of enormous concern having global implications and
attention.
It is of course well known and documented that Hospital waste is a potential health
hazard to the health care workers, public, flora and fauna of the area.
A 1990 report by the U.S. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
concluded that biomedical waste from health care settings may pose an injury and
exposure risks via occupational contact with medical waste for doctors, nurses, and
janitorial, laundry and refuse workers.
Hence, Biomedical waste must be properly managed and disposed off to protect the
environment, general public and workers, especially healthcare and sanitation workers
who are at risk of exposure to biomedical waste as an occupational hazard.
Steps in the management of biomedical waste include generation, accumulation,
handling, storage, treatment, transport and disposal.

19. A LEGAL REQUIREMENT:
The Environment Protection Act 1986, the Bio Medical Waste
(Management and Handling) Rules in July 1998, subsequently revised
in 2011and now the “Bio-medical Waste Management Rules, 2016”
are an attestation to the commitment of the Govt of India.
The law works on a simple “the polluter pays principle” The
responsibility of hospital administrator as regards to proper handling
and disposal of Biomedical waste had become a statutory
requirement with the promulgation of Government of India (Min of
Environment, Forests& climate change) gazette notification no. 460
dated 27 Jul 1998 & notification of the Bio-medical Waste
(Management and Handling) Rules in July 1998 & subsequently
revised in 2011.“Bio-medical Waste Management Rules, 2016” came
into force in supersession of the 1998 rules with gazette notification
no. G.S.R. 343(E) dated 28thMarch 2016.
The Central Pollution Control Board and the State Pollution Control
Committees have the authority to cancel the Consent to Operate and
the Authorization of Healthcare Institutions and under the Bio-
medical Waste Management Rules 2016 for non-compliant Hospitals.

20. MANAGEMENT OF SPILLS
 In a hospital, hazardous
substances such as body fluids,
drugs, cleaning fluids and other
chemicals are in very close
proximity to hundreds of people
each day.
Thus in hospital spillage of
blood, body fluids or chemicals
can occur at any time due to
broken or faulty equipment or
human error.
Any such spill poses risk to the
staff, visitors and patients who
are extremely susceptible to
infection.

23. ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES
OF NURSE IN BMW:
THOUGH THE KNOWLEDGE OF CORRECT SEGREGATION
PRACTICES IS THE MOST FACET OF THE PRACTICES FOR ALL
STAKEHOLDERS INCLUDING DOCTORS, NURSES AND
TECHNICIANS, SPECIFIC ROLES A NEEDED TO BE ENUMERATED.
STAFF NURSE
Proper segregation
Supervision of house keeping
Senior nurses should audit the practices adopted by residents & all
their subordinate staff including Hospital & sanitary attendants.
Incident reporting
Indenting & maintaining logistics required for BMW handling in ward,
lab, ICU & OT’s.
Ensuring that SA’s take proper precautions while handling waste.
Post exposure prophylaxis to be ensured in case on needle stick

24. ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES
OF NURSE IN BMW:
THOUGH THE KNOWLEDGE OF CORRECT SEGREGATION
PRACTICES IS THE MOST FACET OF THE PRACTICES FOR ALL
STAKEHOLDERS INCLUDING DOCTORS, NURSES AND
TECHNICIANS, SPECIFIC ROLES A NEEDED TO BE ENUMERATED.
INFECTION CONTROL NURSE
Creating SOP’s of complete BMW handling.
Maintaining data records & reporting .
Regular rounds and audits d. Supervision of vaccination &
health status of health care workers.
Training of all health care staff in adopting corrects
practices.

25. THANK YOU………..
The responsibility of what we
generate , Doesn’t end just at our
gate, Some of it must burn, Into
smoke and ash it will turn But
recycling of much of what we
segregate.. Must be ensured, for
that’s its exalted fate !