05.07.26 After Dinner Talk AFOSR Program Review Title: Towards a World of Ubiquitous Sensors and Actuators Birch Aquarium, UCSD

1. Towards a World of Ubiquitous Sensors and Actuators After Dinner Talk AFOSR Program Review – Nanoelectronics, Negative Index Materials, and Superconducting Electronics July 26, 2005 Birch Aquarium, UCSD Dr. Larry Smarr Director, California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technologies Harry E. Gruber Professor, Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Jacobs School of Engineering, UCSD

2. From Critical & Pervasive Trusted Information Systems Toward Integrated Reality penetration 1970 1980 2000 1990 2010 2020 micros open systems of clients and servers information utility/appliances networked personal computing cooperative computing open services intrinsic trust trusted apprentices (‘84) (‘94) (“04) integrated reality : systems provide access to reality and alternative futures integrated reality distributed sensors [2004: Stephen L Squires, Hewlett-Packard] distributed sensors : provide pervasive IT access to real world

3. A World of Distributed Sensors Starts with Integrated Nanosensors I. K. Schuller holding the first prototype I. K. Schuller, A. Kummel, M. Sailor, W. Trogler, Y-H Lo Developing Multiple Nanosensors on a Single Chip, with Local Processing and Wireless Communications Guided wave optics Aqueous bio/chem sensors Fluidic circuit Free space optics Physical sensors Gas/chemical sensors Electronics (communication, powering)

5. Calit2 -- Research and Living Laboratories on the Future of the Internet www.calit2.net UC San Diego & UC Irvine Faculty Working in Multidisciplinary Teams With Students, Industry, and the Community SensorNets

7. Distributed Sensors Can Read Out the Micro-States of the Macro-Environment Multi- Analysis Soil Probe Sensor Web Micromet Station Artificial Insect Automated Minirhizotron Micro- Telemetry Sap Flow Sensor Radio Frequency Communication Chem- Lab on a Chip Electronic Tongue Electronic Nose Source: Gregory Bonito, LTER

8. Wireless Sensors Will Allow Instrumentation of Critical Civil Infrastructure New Bay Bridge Tower with Lateral Shear Links Calit2 Will Develop and Install Wireless Sensor Arrays Linked to Crisis Management Control Rooms Source: UCSD Structural Engineering Dept.

9. Major Progress on Wireless Internet Information System for Medical Response in Disasters First Tier Mid Tier Wireless Networks Triage Command Center Reality Flythrough Mobile Video 802.11 pulse ox Working Closely with the First Responder Community

13. Adding Brilliance to Wireless Sensors With Systems-on-Chip Memory Protocol Processors Processors DSP Reconf. Logic Source: Sujit Dey, UCSD ECE RF Applications sensors Internet

16. Sensors + Platforms Plug Into Sensor Webs Source: NASA/JPL Sensor Webs Project http://sensorwebs.jpl.nasa.gov/

17. An Explosion in Wireless Internet Connectivity is Occuring Broadband Cellular Internet Plus… Distance/Topology/Segments CBD/Dense Urban Urban Industrial Suburban Residential Suburban Rural 10 Gbps 1 Gbps 100 Mbps 10 Mbps Short <1km Short/Medium 1-2km Medium 2-5 km Medium/Long >5 km Long >10 km 802.11 a/b/g Point to Point Microwave $2B-$3B/Year Fiber – Multi-billion $ E-Band Market Opportunity $1B+ Market Demand 802.16 “Wi-Max” FSO & 60GHz Radio ~$300M $2-$4B in 5 years

18. The CWC Provides Calit2 With Deep Research in Many Component Areas Two Dozen ECE and CSE Faculty LOW-POWERED CIRCUITRY ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION COMMUNICATION THEORY COMMUNICATION NETWORKS MULTIMEDIA APPLICATIONS RF Mixed A/D ASIC Materials Smart Antennas Adaptive Arrays Modulation Channel Coding Multiple Access Compression Architecture Media Access Scheduling End-to-End QoS Hand-Off Changing Environment Protocols Multi-Resolution Center for Wireless Communications Source: UCSD CWC

19. National Lambda Rail (NLR) and TeraGrid Provides Researchers a Cyberinfrastructure Backbone San Francisco Pittsburgh Cleveland San Diego Los Angeles Portland Seattle Pensacola Baton Rouge Houston San Antonio Las Cruces / El Paso Phoenix New York City Washington, DC Raleigh Jacksonville Dallas Tulsa Atlanta Kansas City Denver Ogden/ Salt Lake City Boise Albuquerque UC-TeraGrid UIC/NW-Starlight Chicago International Collaborators NLR 4 x 10Gb Lambdas Initially Capable of 40 x 10Gb wavelengths at Buildout NSF’s TeraGrid Has 4 x 10Gb Lambda Backbone Links Two Dozen State and Regional Optical Networks DOE, NSF, & NASA Using NLR

21. High Resolution Portals to Global Science Data -- 200 Million Pixels of Viewing Real Estate! Calit2@UCI Apple Tiled Display Wall Driven by 25 Dual-Processor G5s 50 Apple 30” Cinema Displays Source: Falko Kuester, Calit2@UCI NSF Infrastructure Grant Data—One Foot Resolution USGS Images of La Jolla, CA

24. LOOKING will Build on the NSF ROADNet Project: Observing Data Streams in Real-Time http://roadnet.ucsd.edu/

25. ROADNet Architecture: SensorNets, Storage Research Broker, Web Services, Work Flow Kepler Web Services SRB Antelope Frank Vernon, SIO; Tony Fountain, Ilkay Altintas, SDSC

26. Goal – From Expedition to Cable Observatories with Streaming Stereo HDTV Robotic Cameras Scenes from The Aliens of the Deep, Directed by James Cameron & Steven Quale http://disney.go.com/disneypictures/aliensofthedeep/alienseduguide.pdf

27. Proposed UW/Calit2 Experiment for iGrid 2005 – Remote Interactive HD Imaging of Deep Sea Vent Source John Delaney & Deborah Kelley, UWash To Starlight, TRECC, and ACCESS Canadian-U.S. Collaboration

28. MARS Cable Observatory Testbed – LOOKING Living Laboratory Tele-Operated Crawlers Central Lander MARS Installation Oct 2005 -Jan 2006 Source: Jim Bellingham, MBARI