1. PRESENTATION ON LAWS RELATED TO INTESTATE
PROPERTY INHERITANCE IN INDIA
COURSE: 1.4.6
GENDER, SCHOOL AND SOCIETY
BY: ANKITA DATTA
REGISTRATION NO. 2115007030 OF 2021-2022
UNIVERSITY ROLL 150072 NO. 21004
B.ED. SEMESTER IV
SESSION: 2021-2023
UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF: DR. SUTAPA THAKUR, DR. KUMAR VISHWABANNDHU,
DR. ENAKSHI BHATTACHARYA DUTTA
GOVERNMENT COLLEGE OF EDUCATION
(C.T.E.), BANIPUR
4. Property is a system of rights that gives people legal control of
valuable things, and also refers to the valuable things themselves.
What is property?
5. Inheritance, also called succession, the devolution of property
on an heir or heirs upon the death of the owner.
The term inheritance also designates the property itself. In
modern society, the process is regulated in minute detail by
law.
What is property
inheritance?
6. Hindu inheritance intestate testate
Property
Inheritance
If a person is
deceased
AFTER leaving
a valid Will
If a person is
deceased
WITHOUT
leaving a valid
Will
7. Testate Succession
A will outlines how a person want their assets to be distributed
among their heirs after they decease
It specifies who will receive what portion of the property
It may also include other provisions, such as the appointment of
an executor to manage the distribution process
8. When a person dies without leaving a valid will, their property
must be shared out according to certain rules.
Intestate Property
12. Mitakshara
Exists throughout India EXCEPT in the State of West Bengal and Assam
Rights in the joint family property acquired by BIRTH
Females have NO right of succession to the family property
The right to property passes by survivorship to the other male
members of the family.
13. Dayabhaga
Is prevalent in WEST BENGAL and ASSAM
Rights in the joint family property are acquired by INHERITANCE or
by WILL
The share of a deceased male member goes to his widow in default
of a closed heir.
14. Before 2005 After 2005
Intestate Property Inheritance and
Hindu Daughters
15. Before 2005
Daughters did not have equal rights to intestate ancestral
property
They were considered as coparceners (= joint heirs) only in the
case of joint family property
16. After 2005
Hindu Succession Act, 1956 was amended in 2005
Daughters have been given equal rights as sons in
ancestral and self-acquired property
17. Hindu Succession act male female
Hindu
Succession
Act, 1956
If the
deceased
person is a
MAN
If the
deceased
person is a
WOMAN
19. Class I Heirs
1. One or more surviving widow(s)
2. The surviving sons and daughters (including
illegitimate children) and the mother
3. The heirs in the branch of each pre-deceased son or
each pre-deceased daughter of the intestate
20. Class II Heirs
1. Father
2. (1) Son’s daughter’s children (2) Siblings
3. Daughter’s grandchildren
4. Siblings’ children
5. Father’s parents
6. Father’s widow; brother’s widow
7. Father’s siblings
8. Mother’s parents
9. Mother’s siblings
21. Agnates and Cognates
Agnates = related by blood or adoption wholly through males
Cognates = related by blood or adoption but not wholly
through males
22. Intestate Succession in the
case of a woman
Children (including the children of any pre-deceased son or
daughter) and the husband
Heirs of the husband
Parents
Heirs of the father
Heirs of the mother
23. Muslim Personal Law
Governed by Islamic Shariah and are primarily derived from the
Quran and Hadith
Based on the concept of ‘Faraid’, which outlines the shares of
various heirs.
34. Indian Succession Act, 1925
Applies to Christians, Parsis, and individuals not covered
under personal laws
There are some special rules for Parsi intestates
39. If no children or descendant,
who will get the property?
Parents
50%
40. Siblings
Other relatives based on proximity of relationship
If no parents, who will get
the property?
41. Succession of girls and women to ancestral
property is a RECENT phenomenon.
It is a step towards WOMEN EMPOWERMENT.
What can be said?
42. References
1. Wolf, M. A. (2013). Powell on real property. Matthew
Bender
2. Hindu Law School
3. Hindu Succession Act, 1956
4. What is inheritance?
5. Who can inherit if there is no will?