enjoy

2. DEFINITION
- Poliomyelitis or infantile paralysis is a viral infection
that affects the nerves of the spinal cord, located
inside the spinal bones (vertebrae) at the back of the
body.
- Mainly affects children under 5 years of age.
- It multiplies in the intestine, from where it can
invade the nervous system and cause paralysis.

3. - Poliovirus can be transmitted through direct contact with
someone infected with the virus or, less commonly, through
contaminated food and water.
- People carrying the poliovirus can spread the virus for weeks
in their feces.
- People who have the virus but don't have symptoms can pass
the virus to others
CAUSES

4. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
- Fever
- Vomiting
- Muscle pain
- Vomiting
- Headache
- Fatigue
RISK FACTOR
- Children under 5 years
- Travelling places where the virus is
spread
- Pregnancy
- Paralysis

5. MEDICAL MANAGEMENT
- The treatment of poliomyelitis is mainly supportive.
- Physical therapy.
- Total hip arthroplasty.
- Diet. Because patients with poliomyelitis are prone to develop constipation, a
diet rich in fiber is usually indicated.

6. NURSING DIAGNOSIS
● Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirement related
to anorexia, nausea, and vomiting.
● Ineffective thermoregulation related to the infection
process.
● Ineffective airway clearance related to muscle paralysis.
● Ineffective breathing pattern related to muscle paralysis.
● Acute pain related to the infection that attacks the nerve.
● Impaired physical mobility related to paralysis.
● Anxiety in children and families related to disease
conditions.

7. NURSING INTERVENTION
- Airway clearance.
- Elevate the head of the bed to promote the optimum level of activity for best
possible lung expansion.
- Provide comfortable position.
- Reduce the pain.
- Administer analgesics
- Encourage frequent small meals to promote nutritional and fluid intake
- Thermoregulation. Reduce or eliminate the sources of heat loss in infants,
and monitor the body temperature.

8. TETANUS (TT)

9. DEFINITION
It is an infection caused by bacteria called Clostridium tetani.
When these bacteria enter the body, they produce a toxin that causes
painful muscle contractions.
Another name for tetanus is “lockjaw”.

10. CAUSES
- Tetanus is an infection caused by a bacterium called Clostridium tetani.
- Spores of tetanus bacteria are everywhere in the environment, including soil,
dust, and manure.
- The spores develop into bacteria when they enter the body.

11. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
FEVER HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE MUSCLE PAIN
LOCKJAW DIFFICULTY IN SWALLOWING SWEATING

12. RISK FACTORS
Cuts or wounds exposed
to soil or manure.
A foreign body in a
wound, such as a nail
or splinter.
A history of immune-
suppressing medical
conditions.
An infected umbilical cord
when a mother isn't fully
vaccinated.

13. MEDICAL MANAGEMENT
- Immunization
Neonatal tetanus can be prevented by immunizing the women
bearing the child age with TT
- Giving antibiotics
NURSING INTERVENTION
. Initiate supportive therapy
. Give oxygenation as indicated
. Give medication as indicated
. Monitor laboratory tests
. Managing with complications
. Provide comfort

14. Signs and syptoms. (n.d.). Mayo Clinic.
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/polio/symptoms-causes/syc-
20376512#:~:text=Poliovirus%20can%20be%20transmitted%20through,pass%20the%20virus%20to%20others.
Marianne Belleza, R. (2022).
Poliomyelitis Nursing Care Management:
Study Guide. Retrieved 17 October 2022, from https://nurseslabs.com/polio/#:~:text=as%20listed%20above.-
,Nursing%20Diagnosis,clearance%20related%20to%20muscle%20paralysis.
poliomyelitis. (n.d.).
euro.who.int. https://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0011/275798/Management-of-Poliomyelitis_Eng_LLV.pdf
nursing diagnosis of polio. (n.d.). Nurseslabs. https://nurseslabs.com/polio/#:~:text=as%20listed%20above.-
,Nursing%20Diagnosis,clearance%20related%20to%20muscle%20paralysis