It consists of two words “Myocardial” which means Muscles of the heart and the word “Infraction” means tissue death. MI is defined as the irreversible death (necrosis)of heart muscles secondary to the prolonged lack of oxygen supply (ischemia).

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PHARMACOTHERAPEUTICS ER20-24T
Chapter 2.1: Cardiovascular System
Topic 2.1.3. Myocardial Infraction
Presented by- Ms. ALKA
Assistant Professor
FACULTY OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCE
RAMA UNIVERSITY UTTAR PRADESH
KANPUR, INDIA
2023-2024
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 Myocardial Infraction (MI): It consists of two words “Myocardial” which means Muscles
of the heart and the word “Infraction” means tissue death.
 MI is defined as the irreversible death (necrosis)of heart muscles secondary to the prolonged
lack of oxygen supply (ischemia).
 It is a type of acute coronary syndrome, which describes a sudden or short-term change in
symptoms related to blood flow to the heart.
Myocardial Infraction

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Types of Myocardial Infraction
 Unstable angina
 ST- elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)
 Non-ST- elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI)

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Note:
• NSTEMI= It is usually the result of a blockage in one or more of the coronary arteries. A
blockage can develop due to a buildup of plaque, a substance mostly made of fat,
cholesterol, and cellular waste products.
• The phrase heart attack is often used non-specifically to refer to a myocardial infraction
and to sudden cardiac death.
• MI is different from cardiac arrest, but MI can cause cardiac arrest, where the heart is not
contracting at all or so poorly that all vital organs can’t function properly, thus causing
death. It is also distinct from heart failure, in which the heart’s pumping action is
impaired. However, an MI can lead to heart failure.

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 Clinical manifestations
a) Fatigue
b) Dyspnoea (Shortness of Breath)
c) Chest Pain/ Chest Discomfort
d) Increase sweating
e) Weakness
f) Vomiting
g) Light headedness
h) Palpitation
Age, Gender
Hypertension
Chronic Kidney disease
Obesity
Drug Abuse
Tobacco smoking, alcohol
Diabetes
Stress
 Etiology of Myocardial Infraction

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 Pathophysiology of MI

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 Non-Pharmacological management
Non-Pharmacological
management
Avoid Alcohol
intake
Diet and
nutrition
Self resistance
Lifestyle
measures
Smoking
cessation
Counselling
and education
of patients

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 Pharmacological management

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