2. Plants and animals live together in an ecosystem.
They interact with each other and the non-living
parts of the ecosystem.
They rely on ecosystem for shelter, food, protection
and breeding.
Interactions and needs = different relationships
between living organisms in ecosystem.
3. Identify some possible interactions between organisms in this picture.
http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-3ql5Ulo4Dog/U1WIS4L8opI/AAAAAAAABAo/GW9axUdWkhA/s1600/Etosha.jpg
4. What is Ecology?
The study of interactions between living things
and with their physical and chemical environment.
Living organisms need specific non-living conditions in
order to survive:
- light
- water
- air
- correct temperature
- soil
5. LEVELS OF
CLASSIFICATION
Used by scientists during the study of ecosystems to classify
living things.
Population:
A group of individuals
of the same species
living in the same
ecosystem at the same
time.
E.g. All the elephants at
Addo Elephant National
Park
http://xtremegapyear.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/sites/16/2013/05/dungbeetle-
river-lodge-addo-elephant-park.jpg
6. LEVELS OF
CLASSIFICATION
Used by scientists during the study of ecosystems to classify
living things.
Community:
Different populations that
interact with one another in
the same ecosystem.
E.g. Addo Elephant
National Park has a
population of elephants,
population of zebra and
population of Spekboom
trees.
http://www.alantours.co.za/file/m_49_2.jpg
7. LEVELS OF
CLASSIFICATION
Used by scientists during the study of ecosystems to classify
living things.
Ecosystem:
All of the living and non-living
things in an environment and
the different ways in which they
interact with each other.
2 parts:
- Non-living part = habitat (the
place where organisms live)
- Living part = community
E.g. The elephants, zebra and
Spekboom trees live in the Addo
region (habitat) which contains soil,
water, air, wind and sunlight. http://awaygowe.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/addo-17.jpg
8. LEVELS OF
CLASSIFICATION
Used by scientists during the study of ecosystems to classify
living things.
Biosphere:
All the areas/ different
ecosystems on Earth where
life exists.
Largest biological system on
Earth.
Includes:
- Lithosphere
- Hydrosphere
- Atmosphere
Consists of ecosystems.
Organisms may be living,
dead or decaying organic
matter.
http://b.static.trunity.net/files/226201_226300/226207/thu
mbs/nasa_blue_marble_438x0_scale.jpg
9. LEVELS OF
CLASSIFICATION
Used by scientists during the study of ecosystems to classify
living things.
http://image.slidesharecdn.com/bio3n5ecology-090330213012-phpapp01/95/chapter-3-5-lecture-ecology-population-growth-3-728.jpg?cb=1238466702
10. ECOSYSTEMS
All of the living and non-living things in an
environment and the different ways in which
they interact with each other.
Many different kinds on land and in water.
Vary in size.
All earth’s ecosystems = biosphere.
12. Abiotic Factors
Non-living part.
E.g. temperature, wind, water,
light intensity, soil, slope.
Influence living organisms in
the ecosystem.
13. Biotic factors
Living part – all living
organisms.
Dependent on abiotic factors.
Living organisms compete with
each other for food, light,
water, space and mates; plants
need help with pollination and
to spread seeds.
Therefore relationships
between living organisms are
important.
14. Therefore living and non-living parts of an
ecosystem interact – work together for a
common purpose.
Different populations depend on each other for
food (food chain/ food web).
If the population of one organism changes it can
affect other organisms in the food web.
15. Survival of individuals in a
population
Survival of living organisms requires the ability to
cope with change in the habitat.
Sudden change = habitat destroyed by fire
Gradual change = seasonal temperature change
Organisms that cope or adapt quickly to change:
- feed on variety of foods
- live in a wide range of different habitats
