SlideShare a Scribd company logo
1 of 2
CASENIKE
ESLSCA UNIVERSITY - MBA PROGRAM
MARKETING MANAGEMENT
AHMED AHMED ABDEL-AZIZ
Nike’s strategies for growth (Ansoff Matrix)
â–ș Intensive growth: Over the past decade, Nike’s revenues grew at an
incredible annual rate of 21 per cent. Nike, with a 27 per cent share
internationally, dominates the world’s athletic footwear market.
â–ș ‱ Integrative growth: Nike gives its customers more than just good athletic
gear. As the company notes on its Web page (www.nike.com): ‘Nike has
always known the truth – it’s not so much the shoes but where they take
you.’ Beyond shoes, apparel and equipment, Nike markets a way of life, a
sports culture, a ‘Just do it!’ attitude. The company was built on a genuine
passion for sports, a maverick disregard for convention, hard work and
serious sports performance. Nike is athletes, athletes are sports, Nike is
sports.
â–ș Diversification growth: Nike also moved aggressively into new markets,
from baseball and golf to inline skating and rock climbing. Its familiar swoosh
logo is now found on everything from sports apparel, sunglasses and
footballs to batting gloves and hockey sticks.,
â–ș Downsizing and Divesting Older Businesses, Nike went back to basics –
focusing on innovation and introducing new sub-brands: ‘jumping man’ logo
and the ACG [All Condition Gear] line of outdoor and hiking styles. Recent
advertising de-emphasizes the swoosh, refocusing on product performance
and using only the Nike script logo name, A Nike executive admits that Nike
has moved from maverick to mainstream, and the swoosh is becoming too
common to be cool but can a swoosh be cool when mums, dads and
grandmas wear them?
Show how marketing principles and practices will enable Nike to
satisfy these needs, bearing in mind the company’s diverse range of
product and geographic.
â–ș Nike also moved aggressively into new markets, from baseball and golf to inline skating
and rock climbing. Its familiar swoosh logo is now found on everything from sports
apparel, sunglasses and footballs to batting gloves and hockey sticks, however, How can a
swoosh be cool when mums, dads and grandmas wear them? According to one analyst,
‘When Tiger Woods made his debuted in Nike gear, there were so many logos on him he
looked as if he’d got caught in an embroidering machine.’ The world was over swooshed!
â–ș To address these problems, Nike went back to basics – focusing on innovation and
introducing new sub-brands: ‘jumping man’ logo and the ACG [All Condition Gear] line of
outdoor and hiking styles. Recent advertising de-emphasizes the swoosh, refocusing on
product performance and using only the Nike script logo name, that’s how Nike have
shown an effective and efficient marketing principles to satisfy those needs
What would you consider Nike’s ‘superb marketing skills? Why does Nike
require these skills to compete in the marketplace ?
â–ș The company’s strategy of building superior products around popular athletes and its classic ‘Just do
it!’ ad campaign have forever changed the face of sports marketing,
â–ș Nike gives its customers more than just good athletic gear. As the company notes on its Web page
(www.nike.com): ‘Nike has always known the truth – it’s not so much the shoes but where they take
you.’ Beyond shoes, apparel and equipment, Nike markets a way of life, a sports culture, a ‘Just do
it!’ attitude, That’s considered the main pillars of the power of its brand and logo speaks loudly to
Nike’s superb marketing skills.
â–ș In 1998, Nike stumbled and its sales slipped. Many factors contributed to the company’s woes. The
“brown shoe” craze for hiking and rugged, outdoor styles such as Timberland, Hush Puppies and
Doc Martens ate into the athletic footwear business. Nike also faced increasing competition from
Adidas, Germany’s venerable sporting goods company, and from clothing designers such as Tommy
Hilfiger and Ralph Lauren. In Europe, They acquired high level of flexibility and diversity in
marketing strategies and ideal ad’s campaigns to get over the crisis and maintain to compete in the
marketplace.

More Related Content

Similar to Nike Case.pptx

Nike Case Study (Building a Global Brand Image)
Nike Case Study (Building a Global Brand Image)Nike Case Study (Building a Global Brand Image)
Nike Case Study (Building a Global Brand Image)Wajid Ali
 
Nike vs adidas ppt By Shweta Gaikwad
Nike vs adidas ppt By Shweta GaikwadNike vs adidas ppt By Shweta Gaikwad
Nike vs adidas ppt By Shweta GaikwadShweta Gaikwad
 
Marketing Excellence NikeNike hit the ground running in 1962. .docx
Marketing Excellence NikeNike hit the ground running in 1962. .docxMarketing Excellence NikeNike hit the ground running in 1962. .docx
Marketing Excellence NikeNike hit the ground running in 1962. .docxtienboileau
 
Nayk Business Policy
Nayk Business Policy Nayk Business Policy
Nayk Business Policy cansahan
 
Marketing strategy- Nike
Marketing strategy- NikeMarketing strategy- Nike
Marketing strategy- NikeYaman Mittal
 
Adidas (Case Study)
Adidas (Case Study)Adidas (Case Study)
Adidas (Case Study)Shravan Bhumkar
 
Nike presentation
Nike presentationNike presentation
Nike presentationfizzazaidi4
 
case stude ppt on nike
case stude ppt on nikecase stude ppt on nike
case stude ppt on nikeMOHAMMED SAQIB
 
Nike vs adidas
Nike vs adidasNike vs adidas
Nike vs adidasPriyesh Neema
 
Nike by Herman Jopia
Nike by Herman JopiaNike by Herman Jopia
Nike by Herman JopiaMKTGatHPU
 
Mrkt management e book jan 2017
Mrkt management e book jan 2017Mrkt management e book jan 2017
Mrkt management e book jan 2017Oussama Tebourbi
 
brand elements and how nike use brand elements.
brand elements and how nike use brand elements.brand elements and how nike use brand elements.
brand elements and how nike use brand elements.Aqib ali
 
Bis Nike presentation
Bis Nike presentationBis Nike presentation
Bis Nike presentationElvisOkpe
 
Shoes On Nike 1 Executive Sum.docx
Shoes On Nike  1 Executive Sum.docxShoes On Nike  1 Executive Sum.docx
Shoes On Nike 1 Executive Sum.docxedgar6wallace88877
 
Nikefinal
NikefinalNikefinal
Nikefinalmgrelli
 

Similar to Nike Case.pptx (20)

Nike Case Study (Building a Global Brand Image)
Nike Case Study (Building a Global Brand Image)Nike Case Study (Building a Global Brand Image)
Nike Case Study (Building a Global Brand Image)
 
Nike vs adidas ppt By Shweta Gaikwad
Nike vs adidas ppt By Shweta GaikwadNike vs adidas ppt By Shweta Gaikwad
Nike vs adidas ppt By Shweta Gaikwad
 
nike - the comapny
nike - the comapnynike - the comapny
nike - the comapny
 
Marketing Excellence NikeNike hit the ground running in 1962. .docx
Marketing Excellence NikeNike hit the ground running in 1962. .docxMarketing Excellence NikeNike hit the ground running in 1962. .docx
Marketing Excellence NikeNike hit the ground running in 1962. .docx
 
Nayk Business Policy
Nayk Business Policy Nayk Business Policy
Nayk Business Policy
 
Marketing strategy- Nike
Marketing strategy- NikeMarketing strategy- Nike
Marketing strategy- Nike
 
Nike_Industry Visit
Nike_Industry VisitNike_Industry Visit
Nike_Industry Visit
 
Adidas (Case Study)
Adidas (Case Study)Adidas (Case Study)
Adidas (Case Study)
 
Nike presentation
Nike presentationNike presentation
Nike presentation
 
case stude ppt on nike
case stude ppt on nikecase stude ppt on nike
case stude ppt on nike
 
Nike vs adidas
Nike vs adidasNike vs adidas
Nike vs adidas
 
Nike
NikeNike
Nike
 
Nike by Herman Jopia
Nike by Herman JopiaNike by Herman Jopia
Nike by Herman Jopia
 
Nike Jersey final
Nike Jersey finalNike Jersey final
Nike Jersey final
 
Mrkt management e book jan 2017
Mrkt management e book jan 2017Mrkt management e book jan 2017
Mrkt management e book jan 2017
 
brand elements and how nike use brand elements.
brand elements and how nike use brand elements.brand elements and how nike use brand elements.
brand elements and how nike use brand elements.
 
Bis Nike presentation
Bis Nike presentationBis Nike presentation
Bis Nike presentation
 
NIKE CASE STUDY
NIKE CASE STUDYNIKE CASE STUDY
NIKE CASE STUDY
 
Shoes On Nike 1 Executive Sum.docx
Shoes On Nike  1 Executive Sum.docxShoes On Nike  1 Executive Sum.docx
Shoes On Nike 1 Executive Sum.docx
 
Nikefinal
NikefinalNikefinal
Nikefinal
 

Recently uploaded

Mumbai Call Girls Malad West WhatsApp 9892124323 Full Night Enjoy -
Mumbai Call Girls Malad West WhatsApp 9892124323 Full Night Enjoy -Mumbai Call Girls Malad West WhatsApp 9892124323 Full Night Enjoy -
Mumbai Call Girls Malad West WhatsApp 9892124323 Full Night Enjoy -Pooja Nehwal
 
Call US 📞 9892124323 ✅ V.VIP Call Girls In Andheri ( Mumbai )
Call US 📞 9892124323 ✅ V.VIP Call Girls In Andheri ( Mumbai )Call US 📞 9892124323 ✅ V.VIP Call Girls In Andheri ( Mumbai )
Call US 📞 9892124323 ✅ V.VIP Call Girls In Andheri ( Mumbai )Pooja Nehwal
 
My Personal Testimony - James Eugene Barbush - March 11, 2024
My Personal Testimony - James Eugene Barbush - March 11, 2024My Personal Testimony - James Eugene Barbush - March 11, 2024
My Personal Testimony - James Eugene Barbush - March 11, 2024JAMES EUGENE BARBUSH
 
10 Tips To Be More Disciplined In Life To Be Successful | Amit Kakkar Healthyway
10 Tips To Be More Disciplined In Life To Be Successful | Amit Kakkar Healthyway10 Tips To Be More Disciplined In Life To Be Successful | Amit Kakkar Healthyway
10 Tips To Be More Disciplined In Life To Be Successful | Amit Kakkar HealthywayAmit Kakkar Healthyway
 
BOOK NIGHT-Call Girls In Noida City Centre Delhi ☎ 8377877756
BOOK NIGHT-Call Girls In Noida City Centre Delhi ☎ 8377877756BOOK NIGHT-Call Girls In Noida City Centre Delhi ☎ 8377877756
BOOK NIGHT-Call Girls In Noida City Centre Delhi ☎ 8377877756dollysharma2066
 
83778-876O7, Cash On Delivery Call Girls In South- EX-(Delhi) Escorts Service...
83778-876O7, Cash On Delivery Call Girls In South- EX-(Delhi) Escorts Service...83778-876O7, Cash On Delivery Call Girls In South- EX-(Delhi) Escorts Service...
83778-876O7, Cash On Delivery Call Girls In South- EX-(Delhi) Escorts Service...dollysharma2066
 
Call Girls in Tughlakabad Delhi 9654467111 Shot 2000 Night 7000
Call Girls in Tughlakabad Delhi 9654467111 Shot 2000 Night 7000Call Girls in Tughlakabad Delhi 9654467111 Shot 2000 Night 7000
Call Girls in Tughlakabad Delhi 9654467111 Shot 2000 Night 7000Sapana Sha
 
‘I think I might die if I made it’ 'There were no singles'
‘I think I might die if I made it’ 'There were no singles'‘I think I might die if I made it’ 'There were no singles'
‘I think I might die if I made it’ 'There were no singles'cakepearls Official
 
Panipat Call Girls in Five Star Services Call 08860008073
Panipat Call Girls in Five Star Services Call 08860008073 Panipat Call Girls in Five Star Services Call 08860008073
Panipat Call Girls in Five Star Services Call 08860008073 Apsara Of India
 
Call Girls in New Friends Colony Delhi 💯Call Us 🔝8264348440🔝
Call Girls in New Friends Colony Delhi 💯Call Us 🔝8264348440🔝Call Girls in New Friends Colony Delhi 💯Call Us 🔝8264348440🔝
Call Girls in New Friends Colony Delhi 💯Call Us 🔝8264348440🔝soniya singh
 
Riya 9058824046 Call Girls Service in Rishikesh
Riya 9058824046 Call Girls Service in RishikeshRiya 9058824046 Call Girls Service in Rishikesh
Riya 9058824046 Call Girls Service in Rishikeshjaanseema653
 
Call Girls in Chittaranjan Park Delhi 💯Call Us 🔝8264348440🔝
Call Girls in Chittaranjan Park Delhi 💯Call Us 🔝8264348440🔝Call Girls in Chittaranjan Park Delhi 💯Call Us 🔝8264348440🔝
Call Girls in Chittaranjan Park Delhi 💯Call Us 🔝8264348440🔝soniya singh
 
Sakshi 9058824046 Call Girls Service in Kanpur
Sakshi 9058824046 Call Girls Service in KanpurSakshi 9058824046 Call Girls Service in Kanpur
Sakshi 9058824046 Call Girls Service in Kanpurjaanseema653
 
FULL ENJOY 🔝 8264348440 🔝 Call Girls in Bhikaji Cama Palace | Delhi
FULL ENJOY 🔝 8264348440 🔝 Call Girls in Bhikaji Cama Palace | DelhiFULL ENJOY 🔝 8264348440 🔝 Call Girls in Bhikaji Cama Palace | Delhi
FULL ENJOY 🔝 8264348440 🔝 Call Girls in Bhikaji Cama Palace | Delhisoniya singh
 
Manisha Rani Net Worth 2024 Biography.pdf
Manisha Rani Net Worth 2024 Biography.pdfManisha Rani Net Worth 2024 Biography.pdf
Manisha Rani Net Worth 2024 Biography.pdfkigaya33
 
Mumbai Call Girls Andheri East WhatsApp 9167673311 💞 Full Night Enjoy Pooja M...
Mumbai Call Girls Andheri East WhatsApp 9167673311 💞 Full Night Enjoy Pooja M...Mumbai Call Girls Andheri East WhatsApp 9167673311 💞 Full Night Enjoy Pooja M...
Mumbai Call Girls Andheri East WhatsApp 9167673311 💞 Full Night Enjoy Pooja M...Pooja Nehwal
 
Moscow City People project Roman Kurganov
Moscow City People project Roman KurganovMoscow City People project Roman Kurganov
Moscow City People project Roman KurganovRomanKurganov
 
Dubai Call Girls Big Tit Wives O528786472 Call Girls Dubai
Dubai Call Girls Big Tit Wives O528786472 Call Girls DubaiDubai Call Girls Big Tit Wives O528786472 Call Girls Dubai
Dubai Call Girls Big Tit Wives O528786472 Call Girls Dubaihf8803863
 

Recently uploaded (20)

Mumbai Call Girls Malad West WhatsApp 9892124323 Full Night Enjoy -
Mumbai Call Girls Malad West WhatsApp 9892124323 Full Night Enjoy -Mumbai Call Girls Malad West WhatsApp 9892124323 Full Night Enjoy -
Mumbai Call Girls Malad West WhatsApp 9892124323 Full Night Enjoy -
 
Call US 📞 9892124323 ✅ V.VIP Call Girls In Andheri ( Mumbai )
Call US 📞 9892124323 ✅ V.VIP Call Girls In Andheri ( Mumbai )Call US 📞 9892124323 ✅ V.VIP Call Girls In Andheri ( Mumbai )
Call US 📞 9892124323 ✅ V.VIP Call Girls In Andheri ( Mumbai )
 
My Personal Testimony - James Eugene Barbush - March 11, 2024
My Personal Testimony - James Eugene Barbush - March 11, 2024My Personal Testimony - James Eugene Barbush - March 11, 2024
My Personal Testimony - James Eugene Barbush - March 11, 2024
 
Stunning ➄8448380779▻ Call Girls In Jasola Vihar Delhi NCR
Stunning ➄8448380779▻ Call Girls In Jasola Vihar Delhi NCRStunning ➄8448380779▻ Call Girls In Jasola Vihar Delhi NCR
Stunning ➄8448380779▻ Call Girls In Jasola Vihar Delhi NCR
 
10 Tips To Be More Disciplined In Life To Be Successful | Amit Kakkar Healthyway
10 Tips To Be More Disciplined In Life To Be Successful | Amit Kakkar Healthyway10 Tips To Be More Disciplined In Life To Be Successful | Amit Kakkar Healthyway
10 Tips To Be More Disciplined In Life To Be Successful | Amit Kakkar Healthyway
 
BOOK NIGHT-Call Girls In Noida City Centre Delhi ☎ 8377877756
BOOK NIGHT-Call Girls In Noida City Centre Delhi ☎ 8377877756BOOK NIGHT-Call Girls In Noida City Centre Delhi ☎ 8377877756
BOOK NIGHT-Call Girls In Noida City Centre Delhi ☎ 8377877756
 
83778-876O7, Cash On Delivery Call Girls In South- EX-(Delhi) Escorts Service...
83778-876O7, Cash On Delivery Call Girls In South- EX-(Delhi) Escorts Service...83778-876O7, Cash On Delivery Call Girls In South- EX-(Delhi) Escorts Service...
83778-876O7, Cash On Delivery Call Girls In South- EX-(Delhi) Escorts Service...
 
Call Girls in Tughlakabad Delhi 9654467111 Shot 2000 Night 7000
Call Girls in Tughlakabad Delhi 9654467111 Shot 2000 Night 7000Call Girls in Tughlakabad Delhi 9654467111 Shot 2000 Night 7000
Call Girls in Tughlakabad Delhi 9654467111 Shot 2000 Night 7000
 
‘I think I might die if I made it’ 'There were no singles'
‘I think I might die if I made it’ 'There were no singles'‘I think I might die if I made it’ 'There were no singles'
‘I think I might die if I made it’ 'There were no singles'
 
Panipat Call Girls in Five Star Services Call 08860008073
Panipat Call Girls in Five Star Services Call 08860008073 Panipat Call Girls in Five Star Services Call 08860008073
Panipat Call Girls in Five Star Services Call 08860008073
 
Call Girls in New Friends Colony Delhi 💯Call Us 🔝8264348440🔝
Call Girls in New Friends Colony Delhi 💯Call Us 🔝8264348440🔝Call Girls in New Friends Colony Delhi 💯Call Us 🔝8264348440🔝
Call Girls in New Friends Colony Delhi 💯Call Us 🔝8264348440🔝
 
Riya 9058824046 Call Girls Service in Rishikesh
Riya 9058824046 Call Girls Service in RishikeshRiya 9058824046 Call Girls Service in Rishikesh
Riya 9058824046 Call Girls Service in Rishikesh
 
Call Girls in Chittaranjan Park Delhi 💯Call Us 🔝8264348440🔝
Call Girls in Chittaranjan Park Delhi 💯Call Us 🔝8264348440🔝Call Girls in Chittaranjan Park Delhi 💯Call Us 🔝8264348440🔝
Call Girls in Chittaranjan Park Delhi 💯Call Us 🔝8264348440🔝
 
Sakshi 9058824046 Call Girls Service in Kanpur
Sakshi 9058824046 Call Girls Service in KanpurSakshi 9058824046 Call Girls Service in Kanpur
Sakshi 9058824046 Call Girls Service in Kanpur
 
Call Girls 9953525677 Call Girls In Delhi Call Girls 9953525677 Call Girls In...
Call Girls 9953525677 Call Girls In Delhi Call Girls 9953525677 Call Girls In...Call Girls 9953525677 Call Girls In Delhi Call Girls 9953525677 Call Girls In...
Call Girls 9953525677 Call Girls In Delhi Call Girls 9953525677 Call Girls In...
 
FULL ENJOY 🔝 8264348440 🔝 Call Girls in Bhikaji Cama Palace | Delhi
FULL ENJOY 🔝 8264348440 🔝 Call Girls in Bhikaji Cama Palace | DelhiFULL ENJOY 🔝 8264348440 🔝 Call Girls in Bhikaji Cama Palace | Delhi
FULL ENJOY 🔝 8264348440 🔝 Call Girls in Bhikaji Cama Palace | Delhi
 
Manisha Rani Net Worth 2024 Biography.pdf
Manisha Rani Net Worth 2024 Biography.pdfManisha Rani Net Worth 2024 Biography.pdf
Manisha Rani Net Worth 2024 Biography.pdf
 
Mumbai Call Girls Andheri East WhatsApp 9167673311 💞 Full Night Enjoy Pooja M...
Mumbai Call Girls Andheri East WhatsApp 9167673311 💞 Full Night Enjoy Pooja M...Mumbai Call Girls Andheri East WhatsApp 9167673311 💞 Full Night Enjoy Pooja M...
Mumbai Call Girls Andheri East WhatsApp 9167673311 💞 Full Night Enjoy Pooja M...
 
Moscow City People project Roman Kurganov
Moscow City People project Roman KurganovMoscow City People project Roman Kurganov
Moscow City People project Roman Kurganov
 
Dubai Call Girls Big Tit Wives O528786472 Call Girls Dubai
Dubai Call Girls Big Tit Wives O528786472 Call Girls DubaiDubai Call Girls Big Tit Wives O528786472 Call Girls Dubai
Dubai Call Girls Big Tit Wives O528786472 Call Girls Dubai
 

Nike Case.pptx

  • 1. CASENIKE ESLSCA UNIVERSITY - MBA PROGRAM MARKETING MANAGEMENT AHMED AHMED ABDEL-AZIZ
  • 2. Nike’s strategies for growth (Ansoff Matrix) â–ș Intensive growth: Over the past decade, Nike’s revenues grew at an incredible annual rate of 21 per cent. Nike, with a 27 per cent share internationally, dominates the world’s athletic footwear market. â–ș ‱ Integrative growth: Nike gives its customers more than just good athletic gear. As the company notes on its Web page (www.nike.com): ‘Nike has always known the truth – it’s not so much the shoes but where they take you.’ Beyond shoes, apparel and equipment, Nike markets a way of life, a sports culture, a ‘Just do it!’ attitude. The company was built on a genuine passion for sports, a maverick disregard for convention, hard work and serious sports performance. Nike is athletes, athletes are sports, Nike is sports. â–ș Diversification growth: Nike also moved aggressively into new markets, from baseball and golf to inline skating and rock climbing. Its familiar swoosh logo is now found on everything from sports apparel, sunglasses and footballs to batting gloves and hockey sticks., â–ș Downsizing and Divesting Older Businesses, Nike went back to basics – focusing on innovation and introducing new sub-brands: ‘jumping man’ logo and the ACG [All Condition Gear] line of outdoor and hiking styles. Recent advertising de-emphasizes the swoosh, refocusing on product performance and using only the Nike script logo name, A Nike executive admits that Nike has moved from maverick to mainstream, and the swoosh is becoming too common to be cool but can a swoosh be cool when mums, dads and grandmas wear them? Show how marketing principles and practices will enable Nike to satisfy these needs, bearing in mind the company’s diverse range of product and geographic. â–ș Nike also moved aggressively into new markets, from baseball and golf to inline skating and rock climbing. Its familiar swoosh logo is now found on everything from sports apparel, sunglasses and footballs to batting gloves and hockey sticks, however, How can a swoosh be cool when mums, dads and grandmas wear them? According to one analyst, ‘When Tiger Woods made his debuted in Nike gear, there were so many logos on him he looked as if he’d got caught in an embroidering machine.’ The world was over swooshed! â–ș To address these problems, Nike went back to basics – focusing on innovation and introducing new sub-brands: ‘jumping man’ logo and the ACG [All Condition Gear] line of outdoor and hiking styles. Recent advertising de-emphasizes the swoosh, refocusing on product performance and using only the Nike script logo name, that’s how Nike have shown an effective and efficient marketing principles to satisfy those needs What would you consider Nike’s ‘superb marketing skills? Why does Nike require these skills to compete in the marketplace ? â–ș The company’s strategy of building superior products around popular athletes and its classic ‘Just do it!’ ad campaign have forever changed the face of sports marketing, â–ș Nike gives its customers more than just good athletic gear. As the company notes on its Web page (www.nike.com): ‘Nike has always known the truth – it’s not so much the shoes but where they take you.’ Beyond shoes, apparel and equipment, Nike markets a way of life, a sports culture, a ‘Just do it!’ attitude, That’s considered the main pillars of the power of its brand and logo speaks loudly to Nike’s superb marketing skills. â–ș In 1998, Nike stumbled and its sales slipped. Many factors contributed to the company’s woes. The “brown shoe” craze for hiking and rugged, outdoor styles such as Timberland, Hush Puppies and Doc Martens ate into the athletic footwear business. Nike also faced increasing competition from Adidas, Germany’s venerable sporting goods company, and from clothing designers such as Tommy Hilfiger and Ralph Lauren. In Europe, They acquired high level of flexibility and diversity in marketing strategies and ideal ad’s campaigns to get over the crisis and maintain to compete in the marketplace.

Editor's Notes

  1. Name: Ahmed Ahmed del-Aziz