This document lays down the fundamental concept including types of law, sources of law, importance of studying jurisprudence etc.

4. Lecture- 01
Introduction to Jurisprudence

5. ❑ http://kuklawnotes.blogspot.com/p/jurisprudence-1-
what-is-administration.html
At a glance, An overview about Jurisprudence
❑ https://study.com/academy/lesson/natural-law-theory-
definition-ethics-examples.html
Question Pattern Regarding the chapter

6. ❑jurisprudence is the study and
systematic arrangement of the
general principles of law. -Keeton
❑jurisprudence is the science of the
first principles of civil law. -Salmond
❑jurisprudence is the philosophy of
positive law. -Austin
❑Jurisprudence is the formal science
of positive law. -Holland

7. Does it have any significance in law?
❖ Educational value
❖ Grammar of law
❖ Eye of law
❖ Provides a guidelines to the judges and the lawyers
❖ Sharpens their legal knowledge
❖ Makes law interpretation easy
❖ Essential in understanding law
❖ Aiding legislators to play a vital role in law making.

8. Kinds of Law
❑ General Law: Statute, Equity, Common
❑ Special Law: Foreign, Martial, Conventional etc.
According to Salmond,
❖ Imperative law Scientific law
❖ Natural law Conventional law
❖ Customary law Technical law
❖ International law Civil law
Imperative law has 2 kinds.
1. Divine & 2. Human law
Civil law has
2 kinds.
1. Private
2. Public
Public law
has 3 kinds.
1. Constitutional
2. Criminal
3. Administrative

9. Types of law in details
❖ Imperative law: Command enforced by superior authority to obedient people.
❖ Scientific law: Not to be created by men & can’t be changed by them.
❖ Technical law: Consisting of Principles and rules for the attainment of certain
ends, e.g. laws of health, architecture, style, music etc.
❖ Natural law: Principles of natural right & wrong, natural justice or morality etc.
❖ Conventional law: Some rules agreed upon & followed by the concerned parties
to regulate their mutual conduct. A form of special law, though agreement.
❖ Customary law: Rules of custom habitually followed by majority people. “Any
rule of action actually observed by men”. -Salmond

10. Continued…
✓ International law: Some rules followed by nations when dealing with each
other. Customary law & conventional rules considered by civilized States …..
✓ Civil law: Law of the states regarding the land. “The law of the state or the law
of the land, the law of lawyers and the law of courts.” -Salmond
✓ Common law: Some unwritten laws on legal precedents established by the
courts. Common-law system evolved from a British tradition during the 17th-
and 18th-century colonial period. Found in Australia, Canada, Hong Kong,
India, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom etc.

11. Sources of Law
This photo is taken from web source.

12. Any question?