This short story from Sarawak, Malaysia describes how a small coastal village called Dalat got its name. The village was originally peaceful under the rule of an elder chief, but faced conflict after his death when his two sons, Galau and Umat, struggled for power. Umat allied with enemy villagers and attacked Galau, leading to a bitter fight, many deaths, and destruction. Afterward, the noble Galau renamed the village Dalat, meaning "flies" in the local language, to memorialize the battle and bring peace back to the community.

1. SHORT STORY ENGLISH LITERATURE : By zafeen

2. BY HEIDI MUNAN HOW " DALAT " GOT ITS NAME ( Bagaimana kampung “ Dalat ” mendapat namanya )

3. ABOUT THE AUTHOR HEIDI MUNAN

4. ABOUT THE AUTHOR ( TENTANG DIRI PENGARANG ) NAME : H E I D I M U N A N BIRTH PLACE : Switzerland. Lived in Sarawak since her marriage EDUCATION : Switzerland, ( B.A. ( Edu ), T. Dip. ), New Zealand EARLY OCCUPATION : Worked as graduate post – primary teacher ( 1965 ) INTEREST : Interested in folk tales. Loved listening to her late mother in law telling children’s stories

5. ABOUT THE AUTHOR ( TENTANG DIRI PENGARANG ) 1. Sarawak Crafts ( Pub. TIMES ) 2. Culture Shock Borneo ( Pub. TIMES ) 3. Culture Of the World – Malaysia ( Pub. TIMES ) 4. Sarawak Stories ( Pub. FAJAR BAKTI ) 5. Iban Stories ( Pub. FAJAR BAKTI ) 6. Bidayuh Stories ( Pub. FAJAR BAKTI ) 7. Melanau Stories ( Pub. FAJAR BAKTI ) Her writing :

6. ABOUT THE AUTHOR ( TENTANG DIRI PENGARANG ) INTEREST : freelancing as a regular contributor to national and foreign newspaper and publication – eg: MAS in – flight magazine – “ GOING PLACES ” Doing research into local – SARAWAKIAN – Malaysian herritage at Sarawak Museum

7. ABOUT THE AUTHOR ( TENTANG DIRI PENGARANG ) BACKGROUND TO THE STORY : The author fist heard this folk from a dear friend in Mukah, a town near Dalat. she recorded it and then re – wrote the story

8. story OVER VIEW

9. ABOUT THE TITLE FROM THE WORD FLIES WHAT IS FLIES? HOW DO YOU THINK , DALAT GOT ITS NAME?

10. FLIES

11. FLY FLY MEANS “ DALAT ” IN MELANAU ( LANGUAGE OF SARAWAK ) HERE WE CALL IT “ LALAT ” SO “ DALAT ” OR “ LALAT ” IS THE SAME THING

12. OVER VIEW This short story is about how a small riverine MELANAU Village on the OYA RIVER in SARAWAK acquired its name a long time ago The Melanau community lives as an AGRARIAN society work on farms near the river The people are RULED by tradition and hold on to their traditional customs and values. It is set in a SMALL TOWN called “ DALAT ”

13. OVER VIEW The old Melanau Chief died without naming his HEIR A power struggle between the old chief ‘s two ELDER SONS : GALAU & UMAT, caused a rift in the Melanau village community Umat JOINED forces with the ENEMY to OVERTHROW his brother, Galau The war that followed ended in destruction, bloodshed and deaths

14. OVER VIEW In memory of his dead brother and as a memorial of the war, Galau renamed the village “ DALAT “, the Melanau word for FLIES Flies had settled on the rotting and bloody corpes. The bahasa Melayu word for FLIES is LALAT . This act was to remind the villagers of the IMPOTANCE OF PEACE & FRIENDSHIP

15. OVER VIEW MAP OF THE LOCATION SARAWAK KUCHING OYA DALAT MIRI THE LOCATION IT HAPPENED HERE Oya river

16. S Y N O P S I S

17. SYNOPSIS But been challenged by his own ambitious brother, UMAT. This caused a rift in the Melanau community The wise old chief dies without any HEIR left This story is about how a peaceful, Melanau coastal town is RENAMED after a BITTER FIGHT between 2 brothers ( GALAU & UMAT ) Tradition states that, Galau, the eldest son, should be chief Umat gets help of enemy villagers Galau prepares the villagers for war

18. SYNOPSIS Dead body ( rotten and corpses ) unburied Many people dead. Dead body everywhere Followed by the bloody battle ( war ) Implication : Destruction, bloodshed and deaths Flies swarm settled on the dead body After that, the noble Galau renames the village as “ DALAT ” ( or LALAT / Flies ) in memory of his Brother ( Umat ) and the dead innocent people Peace and order is finally restored

19. SETTING

20. SETTING The story is set in riverine Melanau Village ( Near the town of Sibu in Sarawak ) The village sits on the OYA RIVER It is a small pleasant village The villagers are HOUSEHOLD in LONGHOUSES

21. SETTING MORE DETAILS ABOUT THE LOCATION : OYA RIVER OLD SMALL TOWN - DALAT Veranda of old chief house Galau’s house Umat’s house Tall’s house SARAWAK

22. P L O T

24. P L O T S U M M A R Y :

25. PLOT SUMMARY EXPOSITION BEGINNING OF CONFLICTS CLIMAX ANTI - CLIMAX RESOLUTION

26. 1. T H E M E S :

27. THEMES 5 MAIN THEMES 1. GREED UMAT P o w e r R a n k ( position )

28. THEMES 5 MAIN THEMES 2. SELFISH UMAT Personal Desires Over – ambitious

29. THEMES 5 MAIN THEMES UNHEALTHY RIVALRY ( BROTHER ) UMAT FEEL ALONE NOT APPRECIATED

30. THEMES 5 MAIN THEMES 4. VALUES OF FRIENDSHIP BELONGINGS LOVING & CARE PATRIOTISME HELPING HAND UNITY & TRUSTINESS

31. THEMES 5 MAIN THEMES 5. MEANING OF PEACEFULL HARMONY LIFES NO CONFLICTS HELPING HAND ONE TEAM

32. 2 . C H R A C T E R S :

33. CHARACTERS 2 MAIN CHARACTERS 1. MAIN CHARACTERS 1. GALAU – eldest son 2. UMAT – 2 nd son 3. LUTONG – Youngest son 4. OLD CHIEF – Father

34. CHARACTERS 2 MAIN CHARACTERS 2. MINOR ( SUPPORTING ) CHARACTERS 1. THE CHIEF ELDER & THE SENIOR ELDERS 2. THE ENEMY CHIEF & ENEMY SOLDIERS 3. UMAT ’ S WIFE 4. DALAT VILLAGERS

35. 3 . V A L U E S :

36. CHARACTERS 4 MAIN VALUES MAIN VALUES 1. PEACE AND HARMONY 2. UNITY AND LOYALTY 3. FAMILY LOVE 4. RESPECT FOR CUSTOMS TRADITIONS

37. T H E E N D