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Heart of the Matter  23 rd  November 2010 Steve Leslie Interventional Cardiologist Highland What, Why and Where? Coronary Angioplasty in NHS Highland
Burden of coronary disease Eur Heart J 2008 29:1316-1326 Coronary Heart Disease Statistics (2003)
What, Why and Where? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Definitions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Questions (blue = yes) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Human angioplasty ,[object Object],[object Object]
Coronary angioplasty ,[object Object],[object Object]
Standard PCI kit Guiding catheters Guidewires Angioplasty balloon Deployed stent
New developments
Evolution of Angioplasty High success  Low morbidity Dr. Don Baim, FDA Panel Meeting December 2006 0 10 20 30 40 POBA early  POBA late Stent early Stent late DES Event Rate % 1977 1985 1997 1994  2003-present Failure Em CABG Restenosis Stent thrombosis VLST Innovations over time
What does the patient experience? ,[object Object]
Cardiac Catheterisation Laboratory (the β€˜cath lab’)
Cath Lab Team ,[object Object],[object Object]
Coronary angioplasty
Post procedure care ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Risk of Stent thrombosis
Why do we do it (which patients)? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Fox  et   al .  Lancet  2002; 360 :743-751 Non STEMI (n~600)
TIMI Risk Score ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Antman  et al .  JAMA  2000; 284 :835-842
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],FRISC II  et al .  Lancet  1999; 354 :708-715 FRISC II
Why do we do it (which patients)? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
STEMI (n~100) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Primary PCI 33 38%  3% 5% 8% Long term mortality (6-18months) 33 36% 3% 5% 8% Short term mortality (4-6weeks) PCI Thrombolysis NNT Relative RR Absolute RR Event Rate Clinical indices Advantages of primary percutaneous coronary intervention over thrombolysis.  81   When this cannot be achieved within 90 minutes of diagnosis patients should receive immediate thrombolytic therapy D Patients with an ST elevation acute coronary syndrome should be treated immediately with  PPCI A Those presenting < 6hours who fail to reperfuse should be considered for rescue PCI B
Heart Attack Centres population 340,000 Elderly migrant population Holiday influx
Drive times
What are the PPCI issues at Raigmore? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Answers ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Future ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Not just about plumbing!
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Angioplasty

  • 1. Heart of the Matter 23 rd November 2010 Steve Leslie Interventional Cardiologist Highland What, Why and Where? Coronary Angioplasty in NHS Highland
  • 2. Burden of coronary disease Eur Heart J 2008 29:1316-1326 Coronary Heart Disease Statistics (2003)
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6.
  • 7.
  • 8. Standard PCI kit Guiding catheters Guidewires Angioplasty balloon Deployed stent
  • 10. Evolution of Angioplasty High success Low morbidity Dr. Don Baim, FDA Panel Meeting December 2006 0 10 20 30 40 POBA early POBA late Stent early Stent late DES Event Rate % 1977 1985 1997 1994 2003-present Failure Em CABG Restenosis Stent thrombosis VLST Innovations over time
  • 11.
  • 12. Cardiac Catheterisation Laboratory (the β€˜cath lab’)
  • 13.
  • 15.
  • 16. Risk of Stent thrombosis
  • 17.
  • 18. Fox et al . Lancet 2002; 360 :743-751 Non STEMI (n~600)
  • 19.
  • 20.
  • 21.
  • 22.
  • 23. Primary PCI 33 38% 3% 5% 8% Long term mortality (6-18months) 33 36% 3% 5% 8% Short term mortality (4-6weeks) PCI Thrombolysis NNT Relative RR Absolute RR Event Rate Clinical indices Advantages of primary percutaneous coronary intervention over thrombolysis. 81 When this cannot be achieved within 90 minutes of diagnosis patients should receive immediate thrombolytic therapy D Patients with an ST elevation acute coronary syndrome should be treated immediately with PPCI A Those presenting < 6hours who fail to reperfuse should be considered for rescue PCI B
  • 24. Heart Attack Centres population 340,000 Elderly migrant population Holiday influx
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  • 29. Not just about plumbing!