1. Óptica Escuela De Verano
2013
La Física Y Aspectos
Sociales De Energía Solar
DR. RODGER EVANS
INVESTIGADOR PRINCIPAL DE LEARS
(LABORATORIO DE ENERGÍA ALTERNA, RENOVABLE, SOSTENIBLE)
DET, CICESE
JULIO 30 2013
Thursday, August 22, 13
6. Termodinámica
• Calor Q
• Energía interno U*
• Capacidad de calor
Thursday, August 22, 13
notes pp. 45, internal energy, measure change
Heat capacity, pp 46
7. Intensivo : Extensivo
• Intensivo
• independiente de extenso de sistema (T, p, µ) (V/m=ν=1/𝜌
volumen especifica )
• Extensivo
• aditivo para independente, no interactando subsistemas (m, V,
G)
Thursday, August 22, 13
8. Termodinamica
• Leyes
• 0: A=B, B=C => A=C
• 1: energía interna de sistema aislado es constante
• 2: calor no puede mover de un lugar frío a caliente. Incremento
de entropía, máximo a equilibrio
• 3: cero absoluto, entropía mínimo, todo proceso dejan de
funcionar
Thursday, August 22, 13
9. Motores De Calor
• Conversion de calor a trabajo
• e.g. ciclo Carnot
Thursday, August 22, 13
draw pics from pp 48
Carnot cycle, pp 50
10. Conceptos
• fuerza
• energía
• acción
• trabajo
• entropia S = kB logW
Apath
~
=
S
kB
Thursday, August 22, 13
action is from Lecture 2 notes
relation of action and entropy Condensed Matter Physics, 2005, Vol. 8, No. 4(44), pp. 655–664 , J. P. Badiali
16. cos a = cos b cos c + sin b sin c cos A• formula coseno
• formula seno
• formula analógica
• formula de cuatro
partes
sinA
sina
=
sinB
sinb
=
sinC
sinc
sin a cos B = cos b sin c sin b cos c cos A
cos a cos C = sin a cot b sin C cot B
Thursday, August 22, 13
18. El Sol
• fuente de fotones
• vacío
• campo magnético del tierra
• atmósfera
Thursday, August 22, 13
19. Radiación De Cuerpo
Negro
• Planck's law of black-body radiation
• Wien's displacement law
• Stefan–Boltzmann law
I(⌫, T) =
2h⌫3
c2
1
e
h⌫
kT 1
max =
b
T
= 5.67 ⇥ 10 8
Wm 2
K 4
j⇤
= T4
Thursday, August 22, 13
32. Temperatura Maximo
• equilibrio entre energía entrando y saliendo
• E.g. colector plano
q = kA
@T
@x
Thursday, August 22, 13
33. Temperatura Maximo
• equilibrio entre energía entrando y saliendo
• E.g. colector plano
q = kA
@T
@x
q = A(T4
1 T4
2 )
Thursday, August 22, 13
34. Temperatura Maximo
• equilibrio entre energía entrando y saliendo
• E.g. colector plano
q = kA
@T
@x
q = hA(T1 T2)
q = A(T4
1 T4
2 )
Thursday, August 22, 13
35. Temperatura Maximo
• equilibrio entre energía entrando y saliendo
• E.g. colector plano
q = kA
@T
@x
q = hA(T1 T2)
q = A(T4
1 T4
2 )
conducción
Thursday, August 22, 13
36. Temperatura Maximo
• equilibrio entre energía entrando y saliendo
• E.g. colector plano
q = kA
@T
@x
q = hA(T1 T2)
q = A(T4
1 T4
2 )
conducción
radiación
Thursday, August 22, 13
37. Temperatura Maximo
• equilibrio entre energía entrando y saliendo
• E.g. colector plano
q = kA
@T
@x
q = hA(T1 T2)
q = A(T4
1 T4
2 )
conducción
radiación
convección
Thursday, August 22, 13
39. ful for
olar
pes
, or
made
well,
good
SOLAR COOKER
BASICS
cook food. Collecting more sunlight
provides more power; this is bal-
Figure 1 Panel Cooker The “Cookit” panel cooker is simple but effective
SOURCE:JUDYPEARSON
conversión
Thursday, August 22, 13
40. COOKING WITH THE SUN! P.2
A
h
ly
Parabolic designs, illustrated in fig-
ure 3, have a dish reflector with a
parabolic shape that reflects sunlight
As you can see from these examples,
solar cooker designers have been
Figure 3 Parabolic
Cooker Parabolic solar
cookers produce concen-
trated heat
conversión
Thursday, August 22, 13
41. many kinds of solar cookers. Perhaps
the simplest solar cooker is the
“Cookit” shown in Figure 1. It con-
absorption. Box cookers behave
much like conventional ovens oper-
ating at medium temperatures.
into a focal region
vessel, usually dar
placed. Dependin
reflector, very hig
be reached. Such
large solar collecti
fore high power; b
do not have an in
chamber, so they
to a conventional
Some cooker desi
high concentratio
cooker with an in
chamber. Such de
centrator ovens, c
tional oven in per
shows one such u
RENEWABLE ENERGY
THE INFINITE POWER
OF TEXAS
Figure 2 Box cooker Box cookers are excellent for slow
cooking
SOURCE:JUDYPEARSON
conversión
Thursday, August 22, 13
42. El Paso solar
pond
70 kW
Organic Rankin
cycle
Thursday, August 22, 13
El Paso solar pond; 70 kW Organic Rankin cycle
Isreal; Ormat, 150 kW
43. El Paso solar
pond
70 kW
Organic Rankin
cycle
Isreal;
Ormat, 150 kW
Organic
Rankin
cycle
Thursday, August 22, 13
El Paso solar pond; 70 kW Organic Rankin cycle
Isreal; Ormat, 150 kW